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Human reproduction and early development some questions? Where did you come from? What were the cells involved in making you? How did you develop from first cells to birth? What could have affected your development before you were born? Reproduction and development S1 Sperm and Egg cells Both cells have a nucleus. Sperm can swim. Eggs are much bigger than sperm. Reproduction and development S1 Male reproductive system Sperm duct Reproduction and development S1 Parts of the male reproductive system Part Testes Sperm duct Penis Function Make sperm Takes sperm to penis For depositing semen into vagina Reproduction and development S1 Female Reproductive system Reproduction and development S1 Parts of the female reproductive system Part Ovary Fallopian tube Uterus Function Make eggs Takes eggs to uterus Where embryo develops Vagina Where semen is deposited Reproduction and development S1 Fertilisation to produce the embryo Reproduction and development S1 The developing embryo and foetus Amniotic fluid Umbilical cord Amniotic sac foetus Reproduction and development S1 The developing embryo and foetus Structure Function Placenta this allows the exchange of materials between the mother’s blood and the embryo/foetal blood the membrane surrounding the foetus/embryo the fluid surrounding the embryo/foetus inside the sac the link between the foetus and the placenta. Amniotic sac Amniotic fluid Umbilical cord Reproduction and development S1 Development of the embryo Reproduction and development S1 Development of the embryo The embryo develops from the fertilised egg. The embryo develops in the uterus (womb). Development takes approximately 9 months this is called gestation. Between 8 and 12 weeks the embryo can be recognised as human and is called a foetus. Reproduction and development S1 Development of the embryo Some of the changes that take place as the embryo develops are listed below are in the wrong order. 4 – 5 wks 6 – 7 wks 1. Head is more in proportion to the body. 2. Ears, finger nails, toe nails and a large head are visible. 8 - 9 wks 3. The spinal cord develops. 10 14 wks 4. There is a head end and tail end with arm and leg bumps. 15 – 22 wks 5. Ear slits and eye bulges are visible 23 – 30 wks 6. Hair is visible and the head is larger than the shoulders. Reproduction and development S1 Development of the embryo Some of the changes that take place as the embryo develops are listed below now in the right order. 4 – 5 wks 6 – 7 wks 3. The spinal cord develops. 4. There is a head end and tail end with arm and leg bumps. 8 - 9 wks 5. Ear slits and eye bulges are visible 10 14 wks 2. Ears, finger nails, toe nails and a large head are visible. 15 – 22 wks 1. Head is more in proportion to the body. 23 – 30 wks 6. Hair is visible and the head is larger than the shoulders. Reproduction and development S1 Giving birth At around 9 months the baby is ready to be born. It normally positions itself head down to get out of the birth canal more easily. Labour is the time just before birth. The amniotic sac usually breaks to release the fluid during this time. Reproduction and development S1 Giving birth Natural birth occurs through the birth canal. Midwives and doctors can help if there are problems. Reproduction and development S1