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Islam
Judaism is the oldest of all the Abrahamic religions. Its founding prophet is
Moses, who had been chosen by God to lead the Israelite slaves out of Egypt.
Camped under Mount Sinai, Moses gave the Israelite slaves the Torah of their
God, and after wandering in the desert for 40 years, they went to live in what
is now known as Israel, which they believe is God's gift to them.
Jews trace their Abrahamic lineage through his son, Isaac.
Islam was founded by Muhammad in the year 622. Muhammad believed that
God chose him to be his prophet and to reveal to his Arab countrymen that
there is only one God. Muhammad wrote down the revelations he believed he
received from God and called it the 'Qur'an.'
Muslims trace their Abrahamic lineage through his son Ismael.
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Founder
Place of origin
Place of worship
Islam
Judaism
Muhammad.
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Moses
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
The Levant
Mosque/masjid,
Synagogues
Five pillars: Testament that there is one
God and Muhammad is his messenger
Practices (shahadah); prayer five times daily; fast
during Ramadan; charity to the poor
(zakat); pilgrimage (Hajj).
Concept of
Deity
Clergy
Scriptures
Time of origin
God (Allah) is the only god and is allpowerful and omniscient.
Belief in one God and teachings of the
tradition, prophets and rabbis. (Jehovah)
Imam
Rabbis,
The Quran/Koran
Torah.(What Christians call the Old
Testament)
610 CE
c 1300 BC
Say, "He is Allah , [who is] One, Allah , the
Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is
Principle
born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent." Quran: Surah Al Ikhlas
Belief of God
Prayers 3 times daily, with a fourth
prayer added on Shabbat and holidays.
Shacarit prayer in the morning, Mincha
in the afternoon, Arvit at night; Musaf is
an extra Shabbat service.
Only one God.
By accepting the covenant, they choose
to follow God's commandments. A
unique ethnicity. Early monotheists.
First Monotheistic Faith
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religion originating
with the teachings of Prophet Muhammad
(a decendent of Ishmael) born in 560 AD
About came to teach pure monotheism, restore the
true religion which had been lost.
submission to the Will of God, pure
monotheism.
Five pillars: Prayer, purification, funerals,
circumsicion, sharing of animals in
Rites thanksgiving, Quran recitation, marriage.
Judaism
Judaism is created by Abraham 2000
BCE and his descendants of Issac and
Jacob. The Law: the 10 Commandments
was given to Moses (and 600 000 Jews
who left Egyptian slavery) in c, 1300
BCE to return to Israel and follow God's
will.
For Bar Mitzvah ceremony (13 years
old) boys must read from the Torah in
front of the congregation, and is then
considered an adult. Bat Mitzvah is a
similar ceremony for girls.
There are around 1.5 billion Muslims in the
world. Islam is the second-largest faith of
Population the planet and claims to be the fastest
growing
Around 13-16 Million, debated.
Population varies due to conversion
(although some types are not recognized
by the state of Israel) and "marrying
out" (of the faith)
Islam exists worldwide while it is the
dominant religion of the Middle East,
Geographical
Central Asia, South Asia, South-East Asia,
distribution and
predominance and North Africa.
Existing in Israel for 1500 years, but the
Romans in 70 AD kicked all Jews out.
Jews are dispersed all over the world, at
one time present in almost every
country. Now the majority live in Israel,
USA, Canada, Russia, France, England.
The ancestor of Prophet Muhammad ‫ىلص‬
Abrahamic )miharbI( maharbA si ‫هللا ع ل يه و س لم‬
Lineage through his son Ismael.
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are thanked
every prayer day. Jacob's 12 sons
became the 12 tribes of israel. Of these,
10 were lost during Assyrian Exile.
Muslims believe in all prophets of the Holy
Books, joining over 124,000 prophets who
Prophet
were unknown and unmentioned.
Muhammad is the final prophet.
Moses, Samuel, Nathan, Elijah, Elisha,
etc.
Followers
Islam
Judaism
Muslim (means submitter to God)
Jews
Prayer five times daily is obligatory. Friday
is the day of congregational prayer,
obligatory for men, but not for women.
Friday at sunset through Saturday
sunset, is the Sabbath, THE most Holy
Day (yes, all 52 of them). Taking time
off from work, once a week, was
invented by Judaism. It is more Holy
than any other holiday, and is spent in
contemplation and prayer.
Mahdi
Belief in the Coming of a Messiah.
Jews and Christians are respected as
"People of the Book". All religions should
be respected and tolerated, though Islam is
the only correct way.
Believe that Christians are wrong in
believing that Jesus is the Messiah; they
neither believe nor disbelieve that
Muhammad and/or Bah-u-llah are
prophets.
7'th Century AD.
1500 BC, Middle East. Religion formed
over several centuries; was codified
during the Babylonian exile. Literacy is
encouraged to read Bible. Jews replaced
animal sacrifice with prayer in
Diaspora, after Romans destroyed
Jerusalem Temple in 70 AD
Ramadan, Eid, Friday. Laylatul Qadr
Rosh HaShanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot,
Simchat Torah, Chanukah, Tu BiShvat,
Passover, Lag BaOmer, Shavout.
Sabbath most important—one day a
week no work, just peace, joy and
prayer.
Ramadan, Eid-ul Adha, Eid-ul Fitr
Sabbath, Rosh HaShanah, Yom Kippur,
Sukkot, Simchat Torah, Chanukah, Tu
BiShvat, Purim, Passover, Lag BaOmer,
Day of worship
Promised Holy
one.
View of other
Abrahamic
religions
Place and Time
of origin
Holy days
Holy
days/Official
Holidays
Islam
Judaism
Shavout. Holidays given by God or
historical events, Israeli holidays.
Holocaust remembrance.
Direction of
Prayer
Names of God
the Ka'bah Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Toward Jerusalem.
Allah, Rahman, Raheem, Malik, Qudoos
etc ( There are 99 in total)
HaShem, Adonai,
Belief in one God,who has sent messengers
with revelation and guidance for humanity
so they may be guided to Islam (submission
Belief to God) & who have came with both good
news and a warning, the last & final
messenger being Muhammad ‫هللا ىلص‬
‫ع لي‬
Praying and repenting to god - no self-harm
allowed
Ancient times: there was a sin offering
for individuals. Today people
individually repair their sins. On Yom
Kippur, they confess sins, and ask
forgiveness from God. But also they
must ask forgiveness directly from any
people they may have wronged.
Belief in One God.
Belief in the One God, often called
HaShem—Hebrew for 'The Name', or
Adonai— 'The Lord'. God is beyond
human understanding. So, Jews do not
pronounce the name of God during
prayer.
Arabic
Hebrew. Every word has a 3 letter root
word. Yiddish: part Hebrew, part
German/East European language.
Confessing sins
Belief of God
Original
Language(s)
Jewish central belief is that they have
chosen to follow the commandments of
the One True God and God will look out
for them in return. Every man is equal.
Jews believe a Messiah coming and
proof will be an end to war and hunger
all over the world.
Islam
Judaism
Sephardic: part Hebrew, part Arabic
language.
Religion which
atheists may
still be
adherents of
No.
a Prophet and messenger of God, and his
Jesus proper name used in the Quran is Isa ibn
Maryam [Jesus the son of Mary (not God)]
Yes, since Judaism emphasizes Deed
over Creed; Many Jews profess to be
atheists, and are committed and proud to
be Jews.
A fellow Jew, a respected, learned
scholar. Not mentioned in the Jewish
texts.
Many from Adam, Abraham, Noah, Jesus
etc to Muhammed
Moses, and the subsequent Prophets of
Israel as told in the Jewish Bible
(Tanakh).
Mary receives significant admiration from
Muslims. She is said by the Prophet
Position of
Muhammad to be the best woman God
Mary
created. She is free of sin as the mother of
Jesus.
Not applicable, as Jews do not believe
that Jesus is their Messiah, and
therefore, his Jewish mother plays no
role in the Jewish religion other than
history.
Prophets
Promised Holy
One
Three Jewels
Mahdi
The Messiah.
None
Torah, People, Land, Law. love God.
Arabic
Hebrew common till 500 BCE, Aramaic
and Greek koine till 300 CE. Hebrew
always for religious services. Local
languages and different extinct and
living Jewish languages like Carfati,
Jiddish, Ladino, Judesmo etc
A great Prophet.
Father of Jewish Nation. From city of
Ur. His father was an idol maker, but
when he broke an idol, his father told
him not to worry, the statue was not
Original
Languages
Position of
Abraham
Islam
Judaism
God Travelled to what is today Israel &
purchased land. He found God during
his travels in dessert
Believe that Jews & Christians should
accept Muhammad as the final Prophet;
View on
believe that Baha'is are wrong in believing
Abrahamic
religions that Bah-u-llah is a prophet.
Use of statues,
images
Forbidden
Sunnis and Shiites fight often in the Middle
War between East.
two churches/
major sects
Marriage and
Divorce
Praying to
Saints, Mary,
and Angel
Use of statues
Forbidden
Different sects agree and differ with
each other. There is room for debate
with no violence. Almost never, ever, is
there any violence between Jewish
sects.
Allowed
Monogamous. Marriage permitted.
Shiites ask for Saints' intercession, but,
Sunnis do not. Mary is venerated by both
Sunnis and Shiites however.
Jews only pray to God. They do not
need Rabbis to pray. Each Jew can pray
directly to God whenever he or she
wants to.
Forbidden - a medium between self and
Creator does not exist.
Forbidden to use in religion
Sunni (mainstream Islam) - non-existent,
all humans after the prophet Muhammad
Saints
sin. Shia (minority): infallibility of 12
imams after revelation.
Can atheists
partake in this
Jews began Abrahamic religions.
Christians share early prophets.The
Koran also has renditions of these
prophets. The New Testament can be
viewed as written by Jews for the Jews
of that time.
No.
Jewish holy figures are known as
Tzaddics.
Yes.
Islam
Judaism
Peace.
Justice; strict adherence to God's law.
Reading the Holy Books, and following
the Commandments.
Sunnis & Shiites.
Orthodox, Conservative, Reform,
Sephardim, Karaite, Samaritan, and so
on.
N/A.
N/A.
Shiites believe they are the successors of
Ali; Sunnis regard them as their clergy.
N/A.
none (star & moon symbol is in
remembrance of the ottoman empire)
Star of David
Friday, & Muslim Holy Days
Sabbath, sundown Friday to sundown
Saturday. (Days start at sundown.)
religion's
practices?
Virtue(s) in
which religion is
based upon
sects
Status of Vedas
imams
identified as
Symbols
Days of worship