Download My Slide Show - Brush Border

Brush Border Cells of the
Small Intestine
Research by: Dr. Kreiselman
THIS CELL TYPE BELONGS TO
The Digestive System
THIS SYSTEM IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
breaking down the large molecules
in the food into their monomers.
Liver
Large Intestine
Stomach
Small Intestine
Salivary Gland
Rectum
Anus
Location of the
digestive
system in the
body:
Small Intestine
Brush Border Cells
= about 2 cells
20 micrometers
Microscopic images of brush
border cells
within the epithelia of the
small intestine:
microvilli
FUNCTION OF BRUSH BORDER
CELLS
IN THE SMALL INTESTINE
WHAT DO THESE CELLS DO??
FUNCTION OF BRUSH BORDER
CELLS:
They do the last steps of digestion of
carbohydrates. They are the ones that
end up in contact with the blood that
collects the digested food.
Partially
digested food
molecules from
stomach,
intestine
Diffusion into
the blood
stream
FUNCTION OF BRUSH BORDER
CELLS: 2
IF THE BRUSHBORDER CELL DOES
NOT WORK PROPERLY, SUCH AS
DUE TO BACTERIA INFECTIONS,
There is no proper digestion of
food, or the digested food does not
get to the body.
Also, inflammation is caused.
IF THE BRUSHBORDER CELL lack
microvilli, such as in inherited
microvillous atrophy,
It will cause the new-born baby to
die.
Interactions of Brush Border cells
with other cells of the body:
Brush Border cells are more active
in digestion if they are exposed to
insulin and other hormones that
have to do with digestion and
metabolism.
The Structure of the Brush Border
Cell supports its function:
The
microvilli
give a huge
surface area
for efficient
absorption
of nutrients.
Inside sma
intestine
Molecules in the Intestine Brush
Border cell that are found in any
cell:
Phospholipids,
Respiration proteins,
ATP,
More..
Molecules that are special to
intestine brush border cells:
Enzymes of digestion:
Amylase
Cellulase
Invertase (Sucrase)
Peptidase
Malt Diastase (Maltase)
Specific molecule,
The enzyme amylase:
Interesting facts about brush border
cells:
•Intestinal epithelium cells have one of
the fastest rates of reproduction of any
tissue in the body.
•With microvilli, the absorption is 300
times, as compared to a regular,
unfolded membrane.
Question to the audience:
1) Why are brush border cells called
this way?
2) What is the purpose of their brushlike structure?
3) What part of the intestine are the
‘brushes’ facing – in or out of the
intestine?
RESOURCES THAT I USED:
For diseases and enzymes:
http://bodyecology.com/articles/gut-permeability.php#.UYbqHUpnDFA
For structure and function:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brush_border
About microvilli: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microvillus#Relationship_to_cell
Orders of Magnitude:
10 meters
10-1
10-4
10-5
10-7
10-8