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Osmosis and Diffusion Methods of Transport Across Membranes 1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis Methods of Transport Across Membranes 1. Diffusion –movement of any material or particles from high concentration to low concentration 2. Osmosis - movement of water from high concentration to low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane Diffusion • Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion concentrated, [High] [Low] diffuse, low energy molecules Osmosis • Osmosis is the movement of WATER across a semi-permeable membrane • At first the concentration of solute is very high on the left. • But over time, the water moves across the semipermeable membrane and dilutes the particles. water membrane 6 sugar solution There are as many water molecules on the right as there are on the left but many of them are attached to sugar molecules and are not free to move. 7 Because there are more freely moving water molecules on the left, more diffuse through the pores of the membrane from left to right. From high concentration to low concentration. • Hypotonic Solution/Dilute - One solution has a low concentration of sugar/salt than another. • Hypertonic Solution/Concentrated - one solution has a high concentration of sugar/salt than another. Osmosis 4 Osmosis water or dilute solution concentrated solution level falls level rises membrane More water passes from dilute to concentrated ... ...until concentrations become equal Osmosis in Animal Cells PLANT CELLS Hypotonic Solution Turgor Pressure builds in the cell and causes osmosis to stop because of the rigid cell wall. Hypertonic Solution Plants will wilt when cells lose water through osmosis. Plant and Animal Cells put into various solutions