Download Mitosis Model Lab

Name _________________________________Number___________ Date ____________period _____
THE LIFE CYCLE OF A CELL
BACKGROUND
A cell’s life cycle is comprised of two main parts: INTERPHASE, (G1, S, G2) and MITOSIS, (P, M, A, T). Cells spend the majority of their lives in
‘interphase’ where cells grow, function, and copy genetic material. When cells are ready to reproduce, cells form new ‘daughter’ cells by a
process called mitosis. During mitosis, one cell divides to form two, identical cells. Mitosis is a very specific, sequential reproductive process
when chromosomes become organized and move in particular ways to ensure that the new cells contain identical genetic material. Because
the life cycle of a cell progresses in a chronological order, it is helpful to build models that represent each phase of the cells life.
Fill in the table below to help show the ‘phases’ included in the life cycle of a cell.
2 MAIN
EVENTS OF A
CELL’S LIFE
CYCLE:
PHASES
WITHIN EACH
MAIN EVENT
________________________
________________________
CYTOKINESIS
STRUCTURES
INVOLVED
INCLUDED IN
YOUR MODEL
X
X
X
X
X
TASK
Create models to represent the major events of the lifecycle of the cell. You will create a 5 page book that will visually represent Interphase
and Mitosis. You are required to have 3-dimensional diagrams of Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, (one page per
phase). You will need to label the following items:
POINTS TO CONSIDER, (maybe start here?)
1. How are you going to label your cells with the tags listed Did you show the different organization/appearance of chromosomes?
2. Does your original cell contain the same genetic information as your daughter cells?
3. Does your model show a deteriorating / broken down nucleus?
4. Can you see where the genetic information first became organized and paired up?
5. How did you explain the main events within each phase of your model?
STRUCTURES
PHASES
Must be labeled 1x on your model
Must be labeled 1x on your model
1.
2.
3.
4.
______Cell Membrane
______Nuclear Membrane / Nucleus
______Cytoplasm
Chromosomes
a. ______Chromatin
b. ______Sister Chromatids
c. ______Chromatids
5. ______Centrioles
6. ______Fibers
1. ______INTERPHASE
2. MITOSIS
a. ______PROPHASE
b. ______METAPHASE
c. ______ANAPHASE
d. ______TELOPHASE
PLAN AHEAD
Think about your task, be sure you understand all the events that occur within the life cycle of the cell. Study the diagrams below…discuss the
events of the life cycle with your partner. Using the diagrams, describe the events of the cell cycle in the section, ‘Putting It Together’.
PUTTING IT TOGETHER
Using your pictures above, notes and textbook, describe main events/structures that are part of a cell’s life cycle.
1. Interphase: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
a. Gap 1, (G1): ______________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Synthesis, (S): _____________________________________________________________________________________________
c. Gap 2, (G2): ______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Mitosis: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
a. Prophase: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Metaphase: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
c. Anaphase: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
d. Telophase: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Cytokinesis: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Chromosome: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
a. Chromatin: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Sister Chromatids: _________________________________________________________________________________________
c. Chromatid: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
PROCEDURE
1. Refer to your notes, and your textbook to review the life cycle of the cell AND the steps of mitosis.
2. Using the materials provided- and a lot of creativity, you will visually depict INTERPHASE, PROPHASE, METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, AND TELOPHASE
for a cell that contains the number of chromosomes assigned by your teacher: (______________ chromosomes)
3. When selecting your materials, be sure to plan for the ENTIRE LIFE CYCLE and gather the necessary materials that will be needed for each phase
of your cell, (beginning to the end)
4. You will need to represent the following organelles/structures within your diagrams
a. _________Cell Membrane (all diagrams)
b. _________Cytoplasm (all diagrams)
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
_________Nucleus and/or Nuclear Membrane (only when appropriate)
_________Nucleolus (only when appropriate)
_________Chromosomes (remember to show different forms of genetic material)
_________Fibers (only when appropriate)
_________Centrioles (only when appropriate)
QUESTIONS
1. What are the two main purposes of mitosis?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. Once a cell has gone through mitosis, how can you describe the daughter cells of the original cell?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What phase of mitosis contains sister chromatids?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What phase of the cell’s life cycle does genetic material get copied. ____________________________________________
5. Name the steps of the CELL CYCLE?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Name the steps of MITOSIS?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Why is interphase not considered a step in mitosis?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. What are the three phases of INTERPHASE and what are the 2 major events are occurring during interphase?
____________________________- ____________________________________________
____________________________ -_____________________________________________
____________________________ -_____________________________________________
9. What step does the nucleus begin to disappear? ____________________
10. What step does the nucleus re-appear? _________________________
11. Explain what is happening to the chromosomes during prophase.
(use the words chromatin, chromosomes, and sister chromatids)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. What is the role of the fibers during mitosis?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
13. In what phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids actually pull apart? _____________________________
14. How many cells does each dividing cell form as a result of mitosis? _______________________________
15. Compare the original, (parent cell) to the two new daughter cells. Describe how they compare in terms of chromosome number?
____________________________________________________________________
16. Match the following by writing the correct letter.
________ interphase
a.
sister chromatids separate
________ prophase
b.
nucleus re-appears, fibers disappear
________ metaphase
c.
chromosomes duplicate
________ anaphase
d.
nucleus begins to disappear, fibers appear
________ telophase
e.
chromosomes line up across the middle of cell