Download DNA and RNA

DNA and RNA
Pages 224-229
Deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)--contains all the
information for growth
and function.
Chromosomes are made of
DNA.
Double Helix- Large DNA
molecule that looks like a
twisted ladder.
Each step of the ladder is
made of nitrogen bases
connected by phosphates and
sugars.
Gene--A section of DNA
which makes a chromosome.
DNA’s Nitrogen Bases
Adenine always pairs
with Thymine in DNA
Cytosine always pairs
with Guanine
DNA Video
Copying DNA
When DNA needs to copy itself, it “unzips.”
Copies are made using the original as a blueprint.
Enzyme--Protein that regulates chemical reactions in
cells.
Is the unzipper!.
DNA Replication
RNA and its Bases
Ribonucleic
acid--Carries the
codes for making
proteins.
RNA looks like
a double helix
that has been
sawed in half.
Cytosine always
pairs with Guanine
Adenine always
pairs with Uracil in
RNA
In RNA, Uracil
replaces Thymine
The Three Types of RNA:
mRNA
mRNA-copies the code from the DNA
and will read it to the rRNA (rRNA). (mmessenger)
Making Proteins
Transcription- when the information from the DNA is copied.
The mRNA takes the copied information to the rRNA.
Making mRNA
The Three Types of
RNA: rRNA
rRNA- where proteins are
made. (r-ribosome)
The Three Types of RNA:
tRNA
tRNA—carries the anticodon
(therefore amino acids) to the
correct place to bond. (ttransfer)
•The mRNA shows the code to the tRNA who
translates the information and bonds the
nitrogens in the correct place.
•Translation- when the tRNA reads the nucleic
“language” joining amino acid “language.”
•Codon- mRNA code from the DNA
•Anticodon- Group of the 3 nitrogens that will
join the RNA codon.(On the tRNA)
•Overview of RNA synthesis
Proteins
Proteins- the building blocks of organisms.
Proteins are made when amino acids bond.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Each cell in your body produces only the proteins
necessary to do its job.
Translation