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Plate Tectonics More Plate Tectonics Stress And Strain 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Earthquakes Volcanoes Name the great supercontinent that contained the entire land mass about 220 million years ago. Pangaea A mid-ocean ridge is an example of this type of plate boundary. Divergent (Spreading) An ocean trench is an example of this type of plate boundary. Convergent (Subduction) Rocks closer to a mid-ocean ridge would be what relative age? Younger What is the force responsible for plate movement? Convection Currents Who was the scientist that proposed the theory of Continental Drift? Alfred Wegener The Andes Mountains are the result of a collision between what TYPE of plate(s)? Continental and Oceanic The Aleutian Islands are the result of a collision between what TYPE of plate(s)? Two Oceanic Plates The Appalachian Mountains are the result of collisions between what TYPE of plate(s)? Two Continental Plates The Appalachian Mountains are what TYPE of mountain? Folded Type of fault in which the hanging wall does NOT move up or down. Lateral (Strike-Slip) Fault Type of fault in which the hanging wall moves down. Normal Fault Type of fold with younger rock layers in the center. Syncline A low angle reverse fault. Thrust Fault Type of force that would create a reverse fault. Compressional What is the difference in arrival times between P-waves and Swaves? Lag (Separation) Time What is the point at which rocks break to start an earthquake? Focus What is the minimum number of seismograph stations needed to locate an earthquake epicenter? Three What is the fastest seismic wave? (This wave is able to travel through water.) P (Primary) - Wave A massive earthquake on the ocean floor could potentially cause a ________. Tsunami (Tidal Wave) Rock fragments thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption. Tephra (Pyroclastics) Depression on a volcano which forms when the summit or side collapses into the magma chamber. Caldera Fast, superheated cloud of gas, ash, tephra, and poisonous gases created in some volcanic eruptions. Pyroclastic Flow Type of volcanic cone with broad, gently sloping sides, less explosive eruptions, and fluid lava. Shield Cone The measure of lava’s resistance to flow. Viscosity