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Mitosis Overview Definition- process by which cells divide to create two identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell has the same kind and number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. Purpose- growth of the organism and replacement of old cells. future arm and hand of embryo, five weeks old Mitosis is responsible for forming new cells during development. Mitosis stages Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase Chromosomes can’t be seen. Chromosomes duplicate. Prophase Chromosomes become visible. Each chromosome consists of two identical chromatids. Nuclear membrane dissolves. Metaphase Chromosomes line up along equator of cell. Each chromosome becomes attached to a spindle fibre. Met Anaphase Centromeres split, separating each doublestranded chromosomes into two chromatids. Chromatids draw apart and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Telophase/cytokinesis By this stage, the chromatids will have moved to the poles of the cell. Nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes. The cytoplasm divides by cytokinesis. Cytokinesis Division of cell into two daughter cells. In animal cells, actin filaments, working with myosin, constrict the plasma membrane and divide the cell in two. A frog egg. INTERPHASE nucleus cytoplasm one spindle pole one of the condensed chromosomes spindle equator microtubules organized as a spindle apparatus TELOPHASE PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE one spindle pole Fig. 17.5, p. 350 Can you identify the different stages of mitosis from the diagram below? anaphase interphase telophase metaphase prophase
