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Biology EOC Jeopardy General Biology Ecology Evolution Cell Stuff Genetics 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Final Jeopardy 2 What are the steps to the scientific method? 3 1. Observe a problem 2. Form Hypothesis 3. Experiment 4. Analyze Results 5. Draw conclusions & share 4 What are the 4 major biomolecules of life? 5 Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids 6 What is the name for special proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being used up in the process? 7 Enzymes 8 What is the equation for Photosynthesis? 9 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 10 Compare & Contrast the Krebs and Calvin Cycles 11 Calvin – part of photosynthesis - CO2 and sunlight energy are put together into glucose Krebs – part of respiration - Glucose is broken down into CO2 and energy is released 12 What are the 6 levels of organization in Ecology? 13 Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere 14 Someone come to the board and draw/label an exponential and logistic growth curve. Which is more true to nature? 15 16 Differentiate between the following types of symbiosis: Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism 17 Mutualism – both partners benefit Parasitism – one organism benefits while the other is harmed Commensalism – one organism benefits while the other is unaffected 18 Environmental Problems: 1. What are the 3 primary Greenhouse gasses and what do they cause 2. What is the result of fat-soluble pollutants moving up the food chain and what is this process called? 19 1. CO2, CH4, & H2O – cause global warming 2. Biomagnification results in fatsoluble pollutants concentrating in top predators in a food chain 20 Define the following terms: Ecological Succession Ecological Equivalents Intraspecific Competition Invasive Species Type 1 Growth Curve 21Ecological Succession – gradual change in the plant species of an ecosystem over time Ecological Equivalents – organisms that have evolved similar traits due to similar habitats Intraspecific Competition – competition between members of the same species Invasive Species – species that do not belong in an environment Type 1 Growth Curve – reproductive strategy in which most offspring live until they reach close to their maximum life span and then die off 22 What was the name of the guy who came up with the theory of evolution and what two types of animals on what island chain did he study in order to come up with his theory? 23 Charles Darwin studied finches and giant tortoises on the Galapagos Islands 24 What 4 types of isolation may lead to speciation? 25 Reproductive Temporal Geographic Behavorial 26 What types of selection are shown in the following figures? Which of the 3 will most likely cause one species to speciate into two? 27 Stabilizing Directional Disruptive 28 Differentiate between homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures 29 Homologous – similar structure but different function (shows evolutionary relationship) Human hand Mole foot Bat wing Analogous – similar function but different structure (shown no evolutionary relationship) Fly wing Bat wing Vestigial – had a function in an earlier ancestor but no longer 30 Compare & Contrast Divergent, Convergent, & Coevolution Divergent – when a species splits into several species and they 31 get more different from one another over time Convergent – when unrelated species begin to become more similar to each other over time due to similar niches Coevolution – when two species evolve in response to each other 32 What are the 3 tenants of the Cell Theory? 33 1. All organisms are made of cells. 2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells. 3. The cell is the most basic unit of life. 34 What are the two main types of cells and how does one distinguish between the two types? 35 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Eukaryotic cells are larger, have a nucleus, and have organelles 36 Explain what is going on in the following pictures 37 Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport 38 What are 4 main differences between mitosis & meiosis? 39 Mitosis Meiosis Creates diploid somatic cells Creates haploid gametes One round of division Two rounds of division Creates identical daughter cells Creates unique sperm & eggs Homologous pairs never cross Crossover of genes in homologous chromosomes 40 Name the following organelles and describe their function 41 Answers vary depending on letters asked 42 What is the central dogma of molecular genetics? 37 replication transcription translation 44 In Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, green shells are dominant over brown shells. Leonardo, who is heterozygous for a green shell, marries the lovely Mona Lisa, who has a brown shell. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of their possible offspring? 45 Genotype – 50/50 Gg/gg Phenotype – 50/50 green/brown shelled 46 What shape does DNA form into, what is the name for the monomers that make up the nucleic acid, what molecules form the backbone, and what molecules form the “rungs” of the ladder? 47 DNA is a double helix of nucleotides. The sides of the double helix are made of the sugars & phosphates and the rungs of the ladder are made of nitrogenous bases hydrogen bond covalent bond 48 Differentiate between dominant/recessive genes, codominant genes, genes that show incomplete dominance, and polygenetic traits 49 Dominant/recessive – normal patterns (recessive trait is only seen in homozygous recessive organisms) Codominance – both versions of gene are seen completely Incomplete – blending of both versions of the gene Polygenetic – multiple genes affect the phenotype 50 Name the process pictured below and identify the labeled structures 1 2 3 4 6 5 51 Transcription Ribosome Amino Acid tRNA Anticodon Codon mRNA 52 53