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Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Warm up • What is the purpose of the mitochondria and chloroplasts in cells? If you were preparing for a marathon, which of these would you need to take in the most? • Oxygen • Sunlight • Carbon dioxide • food ODIP All cells use cellular respiration • Breaks down macromolecules (carbohydrates and Phosphate lipids) to make energy Adenine groups for the cell • ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) = energy in the cell Ribose sugar • Energy is released when a phosphate bond is broken Cellular Respiration (oxygen) C6H12O6 + 6O2 (glucose) (water) 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (carbon dioxide) 3 Phases • Glycolysis • Kreb’s Cycle • Electron transport chain (ETC) Where respiration occurs Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm Krebs Cycle and ETC occur in the mitochondria Making Energy Glycolysis • Breaks down glucose • Makes 2 ATP per glucose molecule • Doesn’t need oxygen Kreb’s Cycle and ETC • Continue the breakdown of glucose • Makes 34 ATP per glucose molecule • Needs oxygen The Mitochondrion is the power station of the cell •Only found in eukaryotic cells •Made of 2 membranes (inner and outer membrane) •Has its own DNA! One = mitochondrion, more than one = mitochondria What happens if you don’t have mitochondria? • You can only do glycolysis What happens if there isn’t any oxygen? Fermentation: a process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces alcohol or lactic acid (causes cramping in muscles) Aerobic: oxygen present Anaerobic: oxygen absent Still does glycolysis, but no Krebs or ETC