Download Overseas Expansion

Overseas Expansion
Expanding Horizons
Isolationism – noninvolvement in world affairs.
George Washington’s advice to America: “Steer
clear of permanent alliances.
American Expansionism
Expansionism –
seeking land and
better
opportunities.
By 1890, America
had settlements
from ocean to
ocean.
Americans began
to look beyond
their borders to
expand trade and
political influence.
Foreign Trade
In 1853 President Fillmore sent Commodore
Mathew Perry with 4 warships “asking” the
Japanese to open up to trade with America.
An Age of Imperialism
Imperialism – a time
when powerful
European nations
created large empires
by exercising
economic and political
control over weaker
regions.
Raw materials to
make goods, and new
markets to sell them in
is needed for
industrialism to
succeed.
Toward an Empire
Secretary of
State, William Seward,
envisioned an
American Empire to
include the Caribbean,
Central America, and
the Pacific.
He would need a canal
linking the Pacific and
Atlantic oceans, a
transcontinental
railroad and the
telegraph.
The Purchase of Alaska
Seward bought Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million
Dollars.
American Interest in Latin America
The Monroe Doctrine
President James Monroe warned European
nations not to attempt to establish new colonies in
North or South America.
Building Sea Power
President of Navel War College Capt. Mahan,
called for improving and enlarging the navy.
The U.S. could then back up its expanded role in
foreign affairs.
Hawaii
Hawaii is a chain of 8 large and 100 or so small
islands 2000 miles west of California.
Seward had his eye on Hawaii.
Missionaries and Sugar Cane Growers
Christian
missionaries
arrived in
Hawaii
establishing
schools and
other ties to
the island.
Pearl Harbor
was then
established as
an American
naval base.
American Planters Revolt
Under pressure and threat of violence, Queen
Liliuokalani gave up her throne.
Annexation
Annexation – adding a portion of land to the U.S.
Though many Hawaiians were against becoming
part of the U.S., Hawaii became a U.S. territory in
1900.
Rivalries in China
Open Door Policy – allowing foreign nations to
freely trade with each other within China.
The Boxer Rebellion
A group of Chinese (calling themselves “the
Boxers”) rose up to free China of the “Foreign
Devils”.
About 200 foreigners died.
Russo-Japanese War
Japan attacked Russia to start this war.
Theodore Roosevelt would negotiate a peace.
Japan promised to stop its expansion.
It did so, but not for long.
The Great White Fleet
Theodore Roosevelt sent 16 war ships on a cruise
around the world to display U.S. power.
Spanish American War
Cubans began to revolt against the Spanish in the
1800’s.
1000’s of Cubans died as they were herded into
camps.
War Fever
American
citizens called for
our government
to help the
Cubans.
William
Randolph Hearst
use “Yellow
Journalism”
(biased and false
reporting) to fan
the flames of war.
“Remember the Maine”
After Rioting Broke out in Cuba in 1898,
President McKinley sent the battleship Maine to
protect Americans.
The Rough Riders
Theodore
Roosevelt
resigned as
Secretary of the
Navy and put
together the
“Rough Riders”.
Roosevelt’s
“Rough Riders”
were cowboy
types and fought
the battles at San
Juan heights.
In the Caribbean
After the war, Cuba was given its independence.
However, the U.S. kept the right to have a navel
base at Guantanamo Bay.
The Panama Canal
When the U.S. gave Panama its independence, it
got the right to build a canal through the country.
Building the Canal
Building the Panama Canal could not have been
done if yellow fever and malaria had not been
controlled.
Roosevelt Corollary
An addition to the “Monroe Doctrine”, the
Roosevelt Corollary made the U.S. the policeman
over Latin America.
Dollar Diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy
Linking American
business interests to
diplomatic interests.
This led to greater
involvement in Latin
American Affairs.
Whenever U.S.
business interests
were threatened, the
U.S. Marines were
sent in.
War in Mexico
Francisco Madero overthrew dictator Porfirio
Diaz.
Madero was overthrown by General Huerta and
President Wilson refused to recognize Huerta.
Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”
The U.S. seized the port of Veracruz to show the
force behind Carranza.
Francisco “Pancho” Villa
After Villa launched a raid on a New Mexico town,
President Wilson sent General Pershing to chase
Villa down.
He chased for a year but was never able to catch
him.
Francisco “Pancho” Villa (2)
the only foreign military personage ever to
have "successfully" invaded continental U.S.
territory