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Germaine de Staël wikipedia , lookup
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The French Revolution Objective: Describe the French Revolution. France What were the main social classes before the revolution? pg. 213 First Estate (clergy) - .5% of people What were the main social classes before the revolution? pg. 213 Second Estate (nobles – government officials) – 1.5 % of people What were the main social classes before the revolution? pg. 213 Third Estate (everyone else) – 98 % of people France’s Estates (Social Classes) What was the Estates-General? France had suffered an economic crisis after a food shortage and slowdown in manufacturing from 1787-1788. What was the Estates-General? France had suffered an economic crisis after a food shortage and slowdown in manufacturing from 1787-1788. King Louis XVI called the Estates-General to solve the economic crisis. What happened at the EstatesGeneral? All three estates met in Versailles, France What happened at the EstatesGeneral? All three estates met in Versailles, France Each estate received one vote, even though the Third Estate had the most people What happened at the EstatesGeneral? All three estates met in Versailles, France Each estate received one vote, even though the Third Estate had the most people King Louis XVI kept the same system after the objections of the Third Estate How did French citizens react to the King’s actions at the Estate-General? The Third Estate met to write a new Constitution and declared itself the new National Assembly – Tennis Court Oath How did French citizens react to the King’s actions at the Estate-General? The Third Estate met to write a new Constitution and declared itself the new National Assembly – Tennis Court Oath In Paris, workers stormed the Bastille (royal armory and prison) Storming of the Bastille How did French citizens react to the King’s actions at the Estate-General? The Third Estate met to write a new Constitution and declared itself the new National Assembly – Tennis Court Oath In Paris, workers stormed the Bastille (royal armory and prison) Riots took place in villages all over France What did the new National Assembly do? August 26, 1789 – Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen “all men are born with their right to life and liberty” “equality under the law” What did the new National Assembly do? A new French Constitution was written that allowed the King to keep power (at first) How did the Paris Commune turn the revolution violent? Paris Commune = angry citizens protesting food shortages and France’s loss of war to Austria and Prussia How did the Paris Commune turn the revolution violent? Members of the Commune gain power in the National Assembly 1792 – Assembly removes King from power and sentences him and his wife, Marie Antoinette, to death Guillotine King Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette How did the Paris Commune turn the revolution violent? Reign of Terror = Maximilien Robespierre and 11 other members of the Assembly kill 40,000 people How did the Paris Commune turn the revolution violent? After 2 years of terror, the Assembly removes Robespierre of power and is executed How did France react after the Reign of Terror? There were 3 groups of people How did France react after the Reign of Terror? There were 3 groups of people some wanted the monarchy back How did France react after the Reign of Terror? There were 3 groups of people some wanted the monarchy back some were supporters of Robespierre and wanted to continue the executions How did France react after the Reign of Terror? There were 3 groups of people some wanted the monarchy back some were supporters of Robespierre and wanted to continue the executions some were supporters of the French military How did France react after the Reign of Terror? General Napoleon Bonaparte takes all control of the government in 1799