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The Renaissance
Dawn of a New Age
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About 1450, European scholars became
more interested in studying the world
around them.
Their art became more true to life. They
began to explore new lands.
The new age in Europe was eventually
called “the Renaissance.”
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Italian cities such as Naples, Genoa,
and Venice became centers of trade
between Europe and the Middle East.
Arab scholars preserved the writings of
the ancient Greeks in their libraries.
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Historians consider
the Renaissance to
be the beginning of
modern history.
The Renaissance
began in northern
Italy and then
spread through
Europe.
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When the Italian cities traded with the
Arabs, ideas were exchanged along with
goods.
These ideas, preserved from the
ancient past, served as the basis of the
Renaissance.
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Leonardo DaVinci was
viewed as true
Renaissance Man
He excelled in many
areas of study, like
painting, sculpture,
anatomy and scientific
inquiry- inventing.
Theology also took a
turn during this period,
and the "humanity" of
God was emphasized.
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There was a more humanistic study of
everything, the kind of humanism that viewed
man’s full potential.
This type expression was not a rejection of
Christianity, but rather a means to promote it.
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Everybody could now
study from the ancient
Latin and Greek texts,
since they wanted to
explore the full breath
of human experience.
There were great works
in this time period
devoted to Church
Literature, and there
was Church patronage
of art and music.
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When the Byzantine empire fell to
Muslim Turks in 1453, many Christian
scholars left Greece for Italy.
However, the Renaissance was much
more than simply studying the work of
ancient scholars.
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It influenced painting, sculpture, and
architecture.
Paintings became more realistic and
focused less often on religious topics.
Rich families became patrons and
commissioned great art.
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Artists advanced the Renaissance style
of showing nature and depicting the
feelings of people.
In Britain, there was a flowering in
literature and drama that included the
plays of William Shakespeare.
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It's hard to know why Europeans
suddenly expanded over the globe with
such rapidity and such ferocity.
At the beginning of the fifteenth
century, the world was a fairly small
and contained place for Europeans.
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While they knew about far-flung areas
such as China and southern Africa, their
world view was still narrowly focused on
Europe and the Mediterranean.
Within two hundred years, Europeans
would be all over the world with
settlements on every continent except
Australia and Antarctica.
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By 1600, most of the coastline of the
Americas would be under the domination of
Europeans as well as all the major cities in
eastern Africa.
How did this happen? How did Europeans
suddenly end up all over the world?
And how did this change the European world
view?
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The simplest and most obvious answer
is the growth of mercantilism in the
high middle ages.
Mercantilism is a simple economic
activity.
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All it involves is the purchase of certain
goods in a region where those goods
are common
moving those goods to another region
where they aren't common
And then selling them at a profit.
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Once Europeans learned mercantilism,
they set about it with great enthusiasm.
The European economy quickly
changed from a predominantly barter
economy to a predominantly money
economy,
and goods from all over the world
began to circulate throughout Europe
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These goods, however, were coming to
Europe via middlemen, in particular,
Islamic traders.
The most lucrative market was the
spice trade. Most of the exotic spices
used in Europe came from the Middle
East (such as cardamom), India (such
as cinnamon), or China (cloves).