Download THE UNION DISSOLVES

UNIT 3: POLITICAL AND
ECONOMIC CONFLICT
LESSON 3.7: CIVIL WAR LEADS
TO RECONSTRUCTION
Activate
• In your opinion, what are the top 3 causes of the Civil War?
Frayer / secede
THE UNION DISSOLVES
Setting the stage
• In the end, all attempts to compromise
between the north and south over slavery
failed to end sectional differences. Finally,
the outcome of the 1860 election triggered
a showdown and the first shots of the long,
bloody civil war.
DEMOCRATS SPLIT
• Northern Democrats supported popular sovereignty
• Southern Democrats wanted Dred Scott decision upheld
• Republicans nominated Lincoln
• With Democratic votes split, Lincoln wins election of 1860
AP 1
• Think pair share
• How is it that a man that received 0 votes
in the south was able to win the election of
1860?
• What problem does this pose for the
nation?
SECESSION BEGINS
• For south, election of a Republican president = a victory for
abolitionists
• Survival of southern society at stake
• By Feb. 1861, 7 southern states seceded (page 306)
• Crittendon’s Compromise = allow slavery where it exists, extend
Missouri Compromise line to California.
• It failed
• Feb. 1861 the seceding states announce new nation = confederacy,
and new president = Jefferson Davis
THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS
• In his inaugural address, Lincoln spoke directly to the seceding
states
• He repeated his promise not to interfere w/ slavery where it existed
• Announces his desire to save the union, and to hold onto federal
property in seceding states
AP 2
• Think Pair Share
• What was Lincoln’s main objective when
the south formed the Confederate States
of America?
• Do you think his objectives are going to
change as the War goes on? Explain.
FORT SUMTER FALLS
• In April, 1861, Lincoln announced that the federal government would
resupply Fort Sumter
• Jefferson cannot allow federal troops to occupy the Souths most
important harbor = capture fort
• his forces demanded that major Anderson surrender = he refused
• confederates bombard the fort until Anderson and his men surrender
Focus
• How is it that a man that received 0 votes
in the south was able to win the election of
1860?
• What problem does this pose for the
nation?
• What was Lincoln’s main objective when
the south formed the Confederate States
of America?
UPPER SOUTH SECEDES
• After fall of Fort Sumter, Lincoln calls on volunteers
• Many in south did not want to secede, but felt they had no choice
• Virginia seceded next, and capital of confederacy moved to
Richmond
• Soon three more states seceded
HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES
• Lincoln tried to keep slave holding border states from leaving
• if Maryland seceded, dc (the capital) would be surrounded
• Lincoln placed Baltimore under martial law to prevent secession
HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES CONTINUED
• Kentucky declared itself neutral until September 1861, when troops
on both sides occupied state
• Pro confederate leaders created a rival government and seceded
• Missouri stayed with union despite struggles between anti and pro
secessionist forces
• the stage now shifts to the battle field
AP 3
• Think Pair Share
• Why was it important to Lincoln to force
the South to be the first to fire a shot?
• Why was hanging onto Maryland critical to
the Union war effort?
• Do the means justify the ends?
The Civil War
War continues for 4 long years, and is
America’s bloodiest war with 600,000
killed. This conflict not only divided the
nation but will shape it’s future
development, as the political struggle will
continue over how to readmit the former
Confederate states.
America the Story of Us
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Civil War
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Learning Log
• IN YOUR JOURNAL, SUMMARIZE WHAT YOU HAVE
LEARNED. USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO
GUIDE YOU:
• HOW DID PROBLEMS IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY
HELP ABRAHAM LINCOLN WIN THE ELECTION OF
1860?
• WHAT WERE SOME CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR?
• WHERE AND UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES DID
THE CIVIL WAR BEGIN?
• HOW DID LINCOLN PREVENT MARYLAND FROM
SECEDING? WHY WAS LINCOLN CONCERNED
ABOUT MARYLAND?
UNIT 3: POLITICAL AND
ECONOMIC CONFLICT
LESSON 3.7: CIVIL WAR LEADS
TO RECONSTRUCTION
Part 2
Activate
• What do you think the term
“Reconstruction” means?
• What areas of our nation needed
reconstruction?
Frayer / reconstruction
Setting the Stage
• In the months after the civil war ended, the
nation began to rebuild and reunite. almost
immediately, fierce struggles began over how
long it should take to restore the southern states
to the Union and how punitive reconstruction
should be.
LINCOLNS PLAN
• AFTER THE CIVIL WAR, THE SOUTHS ECONOMY
WAS IN SHAMBLES
• THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS FOCUSED ON
RECONSTRUCTION = REBUILDING
• LINCOLN WANTED TO BRING THE SOUTH BACK
INTO THE UNION WITHOUT PUNISHING IT.
• HIS PLAN CALLED FOR AMNESTY TO ALL
SOUTHERNERS WHO TOOK AN OATH OF LOYALTY
TO USA (LEADERS AND OFFICERS EXCLUDED)
• 10 % TAKEN OATH = NEW STATE GOV
RADICAL REPUBLICANS
• A GROUP KNOWN AS RADICAL REPUBLICANS
OPPOSED LINCOLNS PLAN
• WANTED TO PREVENT CONFEDERATE LEADERS
FROM RETURNING TO POWER
• WANTED FEDERAL GOV’T TO BECOME POWERFUL
IN SOUTH TO ENSURE SUFFRAGE FOR AFRICAN
AMERICANS
• MILITARY RULE TO ENSURE AFRICAN AMERICAN
VOTING RIGHTS
AP 1: Lincoln vs Radicals
WADE - DAVIS BILL
• WADE DAVIS BILL EVENTUALLY GETS SUPPORT
FROM MODERATE REPUBLICANS
• CALLED FOR MOST WHITE MEN IN A FORMER
CONFEDERATE STATE TO TAKE AN OATH OF
LOYALTY TO THE UNION
• EACH STATE WOULD HAVE TO ABOLISH SLAVERY,
REJECT ALL CONFEDERATE DEBTS, AND DENY
FORMER CONFEDERATE LEADERS TO VOTE OR
HOLD OFFICE
• LINCOLN BLOCKED PASSAGE WITH A POCKET
VETO
FREEDMEN’S BUREAU
• AFTER THE WAR, NEWLY FREED AFRICAN AMERICANS, OR
FREEDMEN, STRUGGLED TO SURVIVE
• NORTHERNERS BELIEVED FREEDMEN SHOULD BE GIVEN
CONFEDERATE LANDS
• CONGRESS DID NOT SUPPORT TAKING THE LAND OF
PLANTATION OWNERS
• CONGRESS FORMED THE FREEDMEN’S BUREAU TO HELP
FEED, CLOTH, AND FIND JOBS FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS
• ALSO PROVIDED AN EDUCATION*****
• HELPED START COLLEGES TO TRAIN AFRICAN AMERICAN
TEACHERS
JOHNSON TAKES OFFICE
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptXRFHulcZQ
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2.
3.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/35a.asp
AP 2: 5 Words: Presidential
Reconstruction
BLACK CODES
• BLACK CODES LIMITED AFRICAN
AMERICAN RIGHTS = KEEP THEM IN
CONDITIONS OF SLAVERY
• LICENSES FOR NON-AGRICULTURAL
JOBS
• LABOR AND APPRENTICSHIP
CONTRACTS
RADICAL REPUBLICANS
TAKE CONTROL
• REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS SET
THEIR OWN RECONSTRUCTION
PLANS = CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1866
• ALLOWED AFRICAN AMERICANS TO
OWN PROPERTY AND RECEIVE
EQUAL TREATMENT IN COURT
• 14TH AMENDMENT = GRANTS
CITIZENSHIP TO ALL PEOPLE BORNIN
USA, AND GAURANTEES EQUAL
PROTECTION OF LAW
MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION
• REPUBLICANS PASSED THE MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION
ACT
• DIVIDED CONFEDERACY INTO 5 DISTRICTS. WITH A UNION
GENERAL IN CHARGE OF EACH.
• EACH FORMER CONFEDERATE STATE MUST DRAW UP NEW
CONSTITUTION AND GRANTED ALL MALES THE RIGHT TO
VOTE
• EACH STATE HAD TO RATIFY THE 14 AMENDMENT BEFORE
BEING ABLE TO ELECT PEOPLE TO CONGRESS
• RADICAL REPUBLICANS IMPEACHED JOHNSON FOR FEAR HE
WOULD NOT SUPPORT PLAN
• JOHNSON WAS NOT CONVICTED, BUT HE DID NOT RUN FOR
OFFICE AGAIN
• REPUBLICANS PASSED THE 15TH AMENDMENT =
GUARANTEES AFRICAN AMERICANS RIGHT TO VOTE
AP 4: Military Reconstruction
Focus
• In no more than 3 sentences, summarize
what you learned yesterday regarding
Reconstruction…..
• 1’s =How did Lincolns plan differ from the
Radical Republican plan? How did Presidential
Reconstruction (Andrew Johnson) impact
Freedmen?
• 2’s = What did Radical Republicans do to
combat Andrew Johnson? How did the
Freedmen’s Bureau help African Americans in
the south?
REPUBLICAN RULE
• UNDER THE REPUBLICAN CONTROLLED
CONGRESS, THE SOUTH BEGAN TO
REBUILD.
• DURING THIS TIME, AFRICAN AMERICANS
GAINED SOME NEW OPPORTUNITEIS,
PARTICULARLY IN POLITICS, WHILE SOME
WHITE SOUTHERNERS ORGANIZED TO
RESIST CHANGE THAT WERE OCCURING.
• SOUTH CAROLINA STATE LEGISLATURE
CONTROLLED BY AFRICAN AMERICANS!
CARPETBAGGERS AND SCALAWAGS
• CARPETBAGGERS = NORTHERNERS SEEKING TO
EXPLOIT THE SOUTH (SOUTHERN VIEW)
• SCALAWAGS = SOUTHERNERS THAT SUPPORT
REPUBLICAN POLICIES (RECONSTRUCTION)
• REALITY = MANY “CARPETBAGGES” WERE HONEST
AND PROVIDED MONEY AND EFFORT TO
REBUILDING SOUTH AND HELPING AFRICAN
AMERICANS. BUT……
• SOME DID EXPLOIT SOUTHERNERS
AP 5 Venn / carpetbaggers vs
scalawags
AFRICAN AMERICAN CHURCHES
• CHURCHES BECAME CENTERS FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN
COMMUNITIES.
• HOUSED SCHOOLS, HOSTED SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
EVENTS, PROVIDED RECREATION, AND EVEN ACTED AS
COURTS
A DESIRE TO LEARN
• MANY AFRICAN AMERICANS SOUGHT AN
EDUCATION.
• IN THE FIRST YEAR OF RECONSTRUCTION, THE
FREEDMEN’S BUREAU ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS
FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ACROSS THE SOUTH
KU KLUX KLAN FORMS
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AFRICAN AMERICANS FACED
INTENSE RESENTMENT FROM
MANY SOUTHERN WHITES
KLANS GOAL WAS TO DRIVE OUT
CARPETBAGGERS AND UNION
TROOPS, AND RETAKE CONTROL
OF SOUTH
USED TERRORIST TACTICS.
ACTIVITES OF KLAN OUTRAGED
PRESIDENT GRANT AND LED TO
THE ENFORCEMENT ACTS=
1) FEDERAL CRIME TO INTERFERE
WITH RIGHT TO VOTE
2) FEDERAL ELECTIONS UNDER
SUPERVISION OF FEDERAL
MARSHALLS
3) OUTLAWED ALL ACTIVITIES OF
KLAN
AP 6
• Summarize in 1 sentence the Enforcement
Acts.
CRASH COURSE
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nowsS
7pMApI
• 3
• 2
• 1
Learning Log
• Analyze the following statement:
• “The north may have won the Civil War,
but the South won Reconstruction”
Learning Log
• Compare and contrast the
northern perception of
Reconstruction to the
Southern perception of
reconstruction.