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rd 3 E.Q. T. . What is Africa’s longest river? a The Mississippi River b the Nile River . c the Sahara River d the Congo River . Sunni Ali was the leader of which of the following? a Morocco c Mali b Ghana d Songhai What changed the nature of slavery in Africa? a Bantu raids of neighboring villages B. a severe drought c the Emancipation Proclamation d the arrival of Europeans What is the earliest African art form known? a bronze statues c cave paintings b carved wooden face masks d epic poetry What is a plateau? a an area of high flat land c a hill b an area of low flat land d a valley How were children educated in medieval West Africa? a boarding schools c universities b small neighborhood classes d oral histories and proverbs What nickname was given to camels which were used in trade caravans across the desert? a “ships of the desert” c “sand gods” b “desert conquerors” d “caravan heroes” What king of Mali rewarded loyal citizens with gold, land, and horses? a Muhammad Ture c Sunni Ali b Ibn Battuta d Mansa Musa What people’s migrations helped spread culture across medieval Africa? a Yorba c Bantu b Portuguese d Ndongo Which of the following is a term for a storyteller? a caliph c Bantu b crier d griot What is the term used to describe the practice of tracing descent through the mother’s side of the family? a matrimony c macaroni b matrilineal d mosque Which term describes families made up of several generations? a clan c immediate family b tribe d extended family Which kingdom was ruled by Sunni Ali? a Morocco . c Mali . b Ghana . d Songhai . Which of the following is an area of high flat land? a griot . c Plateau . b steppe . d Clan . Which term describes families made up of several generations? a clan c immediate family b tribe d extended family 1 Who could be citizens of the Greek city-states? Free, native-born, landowning men 2. What is the difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy? •direct-all people decide the government; representative-the people elect representatives 3. Define the type of rule that took power in 600 B.C.? •a tyrant who takes control by force and rules with total authority 4. How did Sparta control its citizens? •the military 7. What was the Age of Pericles known for? •creativity, learning, and the building of the Parthenon 7. What was the Age of Pericles known for? •creativity, learning, and the building of the Parthenon 11. Define oligarchy. • a government where few hold power 11. Define oligarchy. • a government where few hold power 10. Define polis. •a Greek city-state 15. Define helot. • a Spartan captive worker 8. Who fought in the Peloponnesian War? •Sparta joined with other city-states against Athens 6. Compare life for boys in Athens and Sparta. •Athens-boys went to school; Spartan- boys served in the military 18. Who was Homer? • He wrote the Odyssey, about a king’s travels, and the Iliad, about the Trojan war. 19. What two types of drama were performed by the Greeks in open air theaters? comedy and tragedy 20. Define a Greek myth. • a tale about the Greek god’s and goddesses 22. What language was used for conducting business during the Hellenistic period? • Greek 23. Who was Alexander the Great and how far did his empire reach? • He became king of Macedonia at the age of 20 and his empire reached to India. 24. Why did Alexander’s empire fall after his death? • his generals fought one another 25. What was Alexander’s legacy? • the spread of Greek culture, which became known as the Hellenistic period 26. What culture did Alexander’s father, Philip II, love and want to spread to Persia? • Greek 26. What culture did Alexander’s father, Philip II, love and want to spread to Persia? • Greek 28. What were the Twelve Tables? • Rome’s first written laws 29. Who was Caesar and how did he die? • An emperor who implemented many reforms in Rome, including the 12-month calendar; he was killed by his enemies on March 15, 44 B.C. 30. What helped Rome’s trade? • currency 31. Describe the shape of Italy and tell how’s geography differed from Greece. How did its geography help it to prosper? • a peninsula, shaped like a boot; it had less rugged mountains; the location being in the center of the Mediterranean Sea 32. Who was Cincinnatus ? • The best known dictator of the Roman Republic who only served 16 days 33. Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars for control of the Mediterranean Sea? Carthage 35. Define plebeians. • the artisans, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms in Roman society 38. Which civilization most influenced the Latins who settled in Rome? • the Etruscans 39. What mountain range runs the length of Italy? • Apennines 41. Define dictator. • a ruler who has complete control over a state 43. What was Hadrian’s Wall? • A wall built for defense in Britain 44. What was the era called that was period of 200 years of Roman Peace? • Pax Romana What reform of Caesar’s do we still use today? • The 12 month calendar 45. Define aqueduct. • a human-made channel for carrying water long distances 40. Which form of government do citizens vote for their leaders? • republic 36. What does the Latin term “I forbid” represent? • veto Who led the army of the Carthaginians? • Hannibal 42. Who took power after Julius Caesar? • Octavian; he took the title Augustus 34. Define legion. • a method of fighting used by the Romans, which divides warriors into units of 6000 soldiers Who benefited from the Roman Empire’s prosperity? • Merchants and skilled workers 47. What was the difference between Roman statutes and Greek statues? • Roman statues were more realistic. 48. How did Roman’s honor their gods and goddesses? • praying and offering food 49. Define vault. • a row of arches to form curved ceiling 50. Define forum. • An open space that served as a Roman marketplace and public square • 51. What contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire? • Poor leadership, attacks by invaders, and a declining economy • 52. Define satire. • literature that pokes fun at human weakness • 54. Define mosaic. • bits of colored stone and glass to create pictures 53. Define gladiator. • men who fought animals and other people for public amusement What is a plague? • A disease that spreads rapidly and kills many people What is rhetoric? • The art of public speaking • 56. What was the significance of Odoacer taking control of Rome? • This is when historians date the fall of Rome. • 57. Define barter. • the exchange goods without money 58. Define inflation. Rapidly increasing prices • 59. What happened when Roman coins lost value? • people began to barter • 60. Define rhetoric. • The art of public speaking What reform was Justinian known for? • His code of laws What important church was built during the Byzantine Empire? • The Hagia Sophia • 80. Where was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? • Constantinople • 85. What religion was spread to Eastern Europe during the Byzantine Empire? • Christianity • 83. What did the Byzantines believe about their emperor? • He represented Jesus Christ on earth and he controlled the church. • 79. How long did the Byzantine Empire last? • about 1,000 years