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ALEXANDER
THE
GREAT
Relationship with the
Greeks
THE LEAGUE OF CORINTH
Following his success at the battle of Chaeroneia at 338BC, Philip signed treaties of
alliance with most of the defeated Greek states. Late in 338BC Philip carefully circulated
the rumour that he wished to lead Greece in a Panhellenic campaign against Persia. This
gained him the support of some Greek states. He then issued an invitation to all Greeks to
attend a conference in Corinth for the purpose of discussing and ratifying Philip’s
proposals for the formation of a League. The meeting began in 338BC and the discussions
continued until the spring of 337BC.
Date when the League was formed:
Where was it signed?
After which battle?
Which state did not sign?
Why?
Name three member states:



Mutual advantages enjoyed by member states and Macedonia:



Hegemon of the League
LEAGUE OF CORINTH
- A FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
THE FEDERAL LEADER
(Greek word?)
Name the federal leader:
PERMANENT
COUNCIL
(Greek word?)
Where was it based?
COUNCIL OF
REPRESENTATIVES
(Greek word?)
How were the reps
chosen?
Before 336 BC____________
After 336BC_____________
Responsibilities of the
Councillors?
Why did Alexander wish to
rule the Corinthian League?
Where / when did
they meet?

Other
responsibilities:


RESPONSIBILITIES / AREAS
OF CONTROL OF THE
FEDERAL LEADER:


COMMANDER OF THE
ALLIED FORCES
(Give the Greek word):
Name the commander of the
allied forces who fought
against Persia:
FIRST OF THE GREEK REBELLIONS
As soon as the Greek states heard of Philip's death they rebelled against Macedonia (335
BC)
ATHENS:
Demosthenis celebrated Philip's death and urged rebellion.
The government of Athens was reluctant to fight Macedonia.
With Persian financial support Demosthenis organised a small armed group of
Athenians who were ready to fight Alexander.
AETOLIA:
Voted to restore their exiled leaders (those who had refused to co-operate with Philip).
Showed willingness to fight Macedonia.
THEBES:
Prepared to expel Macedonian troops stationed in Thebes.
SPARTA :
Prepared to rebel. Collaborated with Demosthenis and encouraged rebellion from other
Peloponnesians.
HOW DID ALEXANDER DEAL WITH THE GREEK REBELS
Alexander was in the North when he heard about the rebellions of the Greeks.
Quick action was necessary as he was determined to avoid fighting if possible; like his
father, he too wanted to befriend the Greeks.
THESSALY
Alexander had to go through Thessaly to get to the Greek States of the South. He aimed
to avoid confrontation. So instead of taking the usual route, through the Vale of Tempe
(where the famous Thessalian cavalry was waiting to do battle), he followed a narrow path
up the slopes of Mt Ossa. When the Thessalians saw him marching into their city they had
no choice but to welcome him. They recognised him as their Archon (leader) and placed
their famous cavalry at his disposal.
NEIGHBOURING TRIBES
As soon as they heard about the surrender of Thessaly, they too submitted recognising
him as the Hegemon of the Corinthian League.
THEBES
Rebels gave up as soon as they heard news.
ATHENS
Sent embassy to welcome him and apologise for not recognising him as their Hegemon
earlier.
CORINTHIAN LEAGUE
Held synhedrion and declared Alexander their strategos autocrator.
SECOND REBELLION OF THE GREEK STATES
While fighting in the North Alexander heard that the Greeks were rebelling yet again. So
he was forced to travel South at great speed to fight them.
When and why did the Greeks rebel for a second time?
In the spring of 335BC.
The new king of Persia Darius III (came to the throne at 336BC) sent agents to Greece
with much gold to encourage Greeks to rebel against Macedonia. A rumour started that
Alexander had been killed in the North
Thebes decided this was a good time to rise against Macedonian rule. Athens under
Demosthenis promised help to the Thebans and so did a Peloponnesian army.
Demosthenis and Sparta accepted Persian money.
THEBAN REBELLION 335 BC
Find your notes on the Theban Revolt / Sack of Thebes from the Introduction Booklet.
1. What happened to Thebes once Alexander had defeated them?
2. Why did Alexander choose to hand the matter over to the League of Corinth?
3. What does this show about Alexander?
4. What do these events show about Alexander’s relationship with the Greek States?
GREEK REBELLIONS OF 333-331 BC
While Alexander was fighting in Asia Minor he received news of two Greek rebellions
against Macedonian rule – a rebellion in Thrace and another one in Sparta.
Rebellion in Thrace 333BC
Information regarding this rebellion is rather confusing!
Memnon was general of Thrace (not the same person as Memnon of Rhodes who fought
at the battle of Granicus).
According to A. B. Bosworth:
Memnon encouraged the people of Thrace to rebel against Macedonian rule; but then he
had a change of heart when the rebels got out of control.
Antipater, regent of Macedonia, came into Thrace to help Memnon suppress the rebellion.
At this stage, another rebellion was erupting in the Peloponnese led by the king of Sparta
and Antipater was forced to conclude a quick treaty with Memnon so he could move south
to deal with the rebels there.
They agreed that Memnon would remain general of Thrace and his territory was actually
increased in size.
In 327-6 BC Memnon was sent east with reinforcements for Alexander.
According to J. R. Hamilton:
Memnon collaborated with the king of Sparta to start a rebellion in the north and in the
south, to force Antipater to split his forces. When Antipater made Memnon an offer he
could not refuse, Memnon decided to remain loyal to Macedonia.
THE REBELLION OF KING AGIS 333-331 BC
1. Who was King Agis?
2. Who did he choose as his ally? Why?
THE FIRST REBELLION AGAINST MACEDONIA:
1. Name the Macedonian general.
2. Who were the rebels?
3. Why did they rebel?
4. Outcome?
SECOND REBELLION:


King Agis hired (8,000) mercenaries (who had escaped from the battle of Issus).
With the help of Persian money and ships he was able to take over Crete and other
islands of the Aegean.
1. Where did the battle take place?
2. Who was the Macedonian general?
3. Outcome?
4. In detail, outline events after the battle.
What do we learn from these events:
1. About the Greek states?
2. About Alexander the Great?
THE GREEK MERCENARIES ISSUE 334- 331BC
1. Who were the Greek mercenaries?
2. Who was their leader at the battle of Granicus?
3. What was their punishment when Alexander captured them?
4. Why did Alexander punish them so severely?
5. Releasing the Greek mercenaries:
When and where did
embassies come to
Alexander asking for the
release of the
mercenaries?
How did Alexander
respond?
Why this response?
DISBANDING THE ATHENIAN FLEET 334 BC
1. After which battle did Alexander disband the Athenian fleet?
2. Reasons for disbanding the fleet?
3. When and why did Alexander raise another fleet?
THE EXILES DECREE
“King Alexander to the exiles from the Greek cities. We were not the cause
of your exile, but we shall be responsible for bringing about your return to
your native cities, except for those of you who are under a curse. We have
written to Antipater about this matter so that he may apply compulsion to
those cities which refuse to reinstate their exiles.”
– The Exiles Decree, read out at the Olympic Games, 324BC
What is an exile?
What was the Exiles
Decree?
How was the above
announcement.
received by the
Greeks present?
Who objected to
this and why? What
approaches did they
make to Alexander?
Result?
Why did Alexander
issue this decree?
(5+ reasons)
ALEXANDER AND ATHENS
1. What evidence is there that Alexander favoured Athens?
2. Why did Alexander favour Athens?
ALEXANDER AND SPARTA
What evidence is there that Alexander and the Spartans were not on good terms?
REVIEW TASK:
Place these events in chronological order and give the correct date for each:
1. Theban rebellion
5. Greek mercenaries issue
2. Exiles decree
6. Rebellion in Thrace
3. League of Corinth
7. Disbanding the Athenian fleet
4. King Agis rebellions