Download Americans who supported the King Red Coats/ Lobsterbacks

Written by: Greg Clevenger
Choosing Sides
• Patriots – Supported the
Revolution
• Loyalists – Americans
who supported the King
• Red Coats/
Lobsterbacks – British
Army
British Advantages
• Well-equipped
• Disciplined
• Strongest navy
American Advantages
• Accuracy of the rifle
• Knowledge of the land
• Guerilla warfare tactics
• Superb command
British Leaders
• General Charles
Cornwallis
• General John Burgoyne
• Benedict Arnold
• William Howe
• All considered America
one of the worst places
to serve
Military Leaders—American
• George
Washington:
Commander of
Americans
Forces
• Nathanael
Greene: Top
Strategist
• Henry Knox:
Artillery Expert
• Benedict Arnold:
Commander
under
Washington
The War at Sea
• Approximately 3,000 men
enlisted—America made
13 Frigates
• Most, if not all, were
destroyed or captured
• Colonial Navy authorized
by Continental Congress
October 13, 1775
Major Battles
• Fort Ticonderoga
• Bunker Hill
• Trenton
Battle of Trenton—1776
• Surprise attack the day after Christmas
• Washington crossed the Delaware
• Approximately 1000 German soldiers fighting
for the British captured
Trenton & Princeton
• American
casualties were
four
• German leader,
Colonel Rall
mortally wounded
• Washington
cleared British
from central New
Jersey
More Significant Battles
• Saratoga
• Winter at Valley Forge
• Yorktown
• Were blend of
successes and failures
for American Army
Battle of Saratoga – 1777
• The turning
point of the war
• The biggest
American
victory at the
time
• Approximately
5,000 British
surrender to
Washington
• After the American
victory France
changed its policies.
• Feb. 1778 France and
American formed an
alliance
• France declared war
on Britain the next
month
• Spain declared war in
1779
• Bernardo de Galvez
chased British troops
out of Louisiana and
Florida.
Battle of Saratoga – 1777
Valley Forge – 1777-1778
• American Army out
of food and clothing
• Valley Forge briefly
a refuge
• Supplies ran out
and many died
• Washington appeals
to Congress for help
• Low point for
American Army
• Any deserters are
shot
Valley Forge – 1777-1778
• Marquis de
Lafayette joined
Washington as an
aide
• Friedrich von
Steuben drilled the
troops teaching
them military
discipline
Albigence Waldo
“The army which has been
surprisingly healthy hitherto,
now begins to grow sickly…I
am sick—discontented—and
out of humor.”
—Albigence Waldo (1777)
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Battle of Yorktown—1781
• French blockade aided
this final battle
• Escape for the British was
impossible
• British General Cornwallis
faced American forces
approximately twice his size
John Paul Jones
Yorktown
• Approximately 8,700 British troops surrendered
• Pinned in by
American and
French Naval
fleets
• General Benjamin
Lincoln accepted
the surrender
sword
• British bands played “The World has Turned Upside
Down”
The Treaty of Paris—1783
• Officially ended the
American Revolution
• Set many geographic
borders, including U.S.
and Canada
• Florida was returned to
Spain
• British merchants must
be paid for lost items
• Loyalists must be paid
for lost property
The Articles of Confederation
• Written by John Dickson in 1777
• Ratified in 1781
• Governed Americans in 1781-1787
• Paved way for new Constitution
Articles of
Confederation
•
•
•
•
NO President (Executive)
NO Army
NO Courts (Judicial)
NO Taxing Power
(monetary problems)
• NO power to enforce laws
(regulate trade)
• States were sovereign
The U.S. Constitution
Constitution
• Provided 3 Branches of
Gov.
– Executive
– Legislative
– Judicial
• Pres. Commander in
Chief of Military
• Congress can levy tax
and pass laws
• Federal Gov. is sovereign
but states have rights.
Effects/Results/Outcomes
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
– Set up rules for statehood once 60,000
people
– Outlawed slavery in new states
(Northwest territories)
– Free education in new states
– Allow for Westward Expansion
Concluding Thoughts
• Eight years
• Timeless impact
• Subject of countless
plays and films
• Maker of heroes
• Birth of a nation