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Glossary Entry
 Producer: Organisms that produce organic compounds
for the entire ecosystem
 Consumer: Organisms that obtain food by eating other
organisms
 Decomposer: Recycles nutrients by feeding on dead or
decaying organisms
Food Webs
Communities
 A community is an assemblage of all the populations of
organisms living close enough together for potential
interaction.
Communities
 The biodiversity of a community is the variety of
organisms that make it up. It includes:
 The total number of different species in the community
 The relative abundance of the different species
Niche
 A niche is the position or function of an organism in a
community.
Predation
 In predation, one species
eats another.
 The predator is the
consumer, the one who
eats.
 The prey is the food, the
one being eaten.
Succession
 After a disturbance like a fire, storm, or flood, the
ecosystem transitions from nothing to new life, in a
process called succession.
 Primary succession happens when there is no soil
present, such as after a volcano.
 Secondary succession occurs where a disturbance has
left some soil, such as after a fire.
Food chains and webs
 Food chains and food webs show the flow of ENERGY
through an ecosystem.
 All energy ultimately comes from the SUN.
Agenda
 Color, cut, and arrange the organisms in the food web
on a blank piece of paper.
 Answer the questions on the back of the directions.
 Staple these together and turn them in before you
leave.
 CLEAN UP ALL ART SUPPLIES AND PAPER
SCRAPS!
Glossary Entry
 Carnivore: An animal that eats a diet of only meat
 Herbivore: An animal that eats a diet of only plants
 Omnivore: An animal that eats a diet of meat and plants
Energy flow
 Energy starts at the producer level (plants)
 Then moves up to primary consumers (herbivores)
 Then to secondary consumers (carnivores)
 Followed by tertiary and quaternary consumers…
Producers
 Producers make food. They are also autotrophs, and
typically include plants.
Consumers
 Consumers eat things. They are heterotrophs. They
include:
 Herbivores: eat plants
 Carnivores: eat animals (meat)
 Omnivores: eat both plants and meat
Decomposers
 All food chains and webs have decomposers or
detritivores
 These organisms, including bacteria, worms, rodents,
insects, catfish, fungus, and vultures, eat detritus, the
dead material produced at every level of a food chain.
Food Webs
 A food web is a
network of food
chains, and is a
more realistic view
of energy flow.
 Every food web
MUST include the
SUN and
DECOMPOSERS
Energy
 As you go up a level in a food chain or web, only 10%
of the energy from the level below is transferred to the
next level. 90% is lost as HEAT.
 Because the production pyramid tapers so sharply, a field
of corn or other plant crops can support many more
vegetarians than meat-eaters
TROPHIC LEVEL
Secondary
consumers
Primary
consumers
Human
meat-eaters
Human
vegetarians
Cattle
Corn
Corn
Producers
Figure 36.12
Agenda
 Using the organisms you received, create a poster
showing the food web of your biome.
 Answer the questions on the directions, and staple this
to the back of your poster.
 Refer to the rubric to be sure you get an A!
 CLEAN UP ALL ART SUPPLIES!