Download Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Mitosis
Separating the components of the
cell into two parts
The incredible cell
The center of our Study:
The Nucleus
Nuceleolus:
Center of the
nucleus
Chromatin- is a
mass of genetic
material
composed of
DNA
Chromosomes
• Chromo-colored
• -Somes-bodies
• Threadlike structure
within the nucleus
containing genetic
information
Passed from one
generation of cells to
the next
Genetic Information: DNA
•DNA is a molecule that stores
information and acts as a blueprint
for the body of an organism
•provides the instructions for all
the information a living organism
needs to grow and function
•DNA is the molecule:
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA forms a chromosome
1- Molecule forms by
amino acid base pairs
chemically bonding to
form DNA.
2- DNA twists and
curls
3- Twists and curls
until it forms a
chromosome.
Chromosome number
Diploid
• body cells
• Produced through mitosis
• (2n)= 46 chromosomes
• 23 from male and 23 from
female
Haploid
• Gametes (sex cells)
• Produced through meiosis
• (n)= total of 23
chromosomes
• sperm and egg cell
Diploid vs. Haploid
Chromosomes
One copy
from male
(dad)
One Copy
from female
(mom)
How is genetic
information passed
from one generation
of cells to the next?
If a cell divides how is
genetic information
transferred?
“sister chromatids”-
Chromatids
• Each chromosome has
two identical armssister chromatids
• When the cell divides:
– The “sister” chromatids
separate and one goes
to each of the two new
cells
Cell Cycle
Series of events that
cells go through as
they grow and divide
During the cell cycle:
1) A cell grows
2) Prepares for
division
3) Divides to form two
daughter cells
4) Cycle begins again
Interphase
• Interphase
– Cell grows,
– copies DNA
– prepares to divide.
Mitosis
• Mitosis- The process of the cell dividing
– Mitosis has 4 parts
•
•
•
•
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
– Mitosis
Prophase
• DNA in the nucleus of a cell condenses and
becomes visible under the microscope
– Chromosomes condense
– Membrane surrounding the nucleus disappears
Metaphase
• Metaphase
– Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase
• Anaphase:
– Chromosomes split apart
• Creates two separate identical chromosomes
– Chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the
cell
Telophase
• Telophase:
– A new nuclear membrane forms around each
group of chromosomes
Cytokinesis
• Cytokinesis is the last step in the cell cycle
– The cytoplasm divides to create two identical
daughter cells
– Daughter cells then begin interphase
Uncontrolled cell growth
• When a cell divides excessively and invade
other organs it is known as cancer.
• Cancer cells do not respond normally to the
bodies control mechanism to stop cell growth.
The purpose of cell division
• To create genetically identical cells for
– Growth and development
– Repair
– Reproduction
?
Metaphase
?
Anaphase
?
prophase
?
metaphase
?
Prophase
?
Telophase
?
Anaphase
Let’s Practice
• Cell cycle and Mitosis Review
• Mitosis Animation
LET’S ACT IT OUT
• Directions:
1) Clear desk to the perimeter of the room to
create a wide open space in the center of the
room
2) Get a pink or blue sheet of paper
3) Listen to narration and act out each phase in
mitosis
4) Review/Questions