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ISLAM Essential Question: How does what we believe influence how we behave? World Religions The Muslim World * Over 1 billion followers worldwide The Prophet Muhammad He was born in Makkah in present-day Saudi Arabia (570 C.E.) * 622 C.E.- Muhammad flees Makkah, which marks the beginning of the modern Islamic era. • Madinah Compact- Stated that all Muslims were to place their loyalty in Islamic communities, above individual tribes * Allah- Term for the one true God • Muhammad’s lasting achievements: Formation of a religious community based on carefully preserved sacred writings 2. His life serves as an example or interpretive guide for Muslims to follow 3. Despite social and political changes throughout history, Islamic beliefs and practices remain remarkably stable throughout the centuries 1. ISLAM Islam- means surrender to the will of God Muslims- Followers of Islam Qur’an (Quran/Koran)- Holy book which means “recital” and for all Muslims, is the final authority in matters of faith and lifestyle Mosque- Islamic place of worship Holy day is Friday MOSQUES 5 PILLARS OF FAITH Each pillar represents an act which demonstrates a Muslim’s faith in the religion. 1. There is no God above Allah Monotheistic religion Reminds all Muslims of the importance of Muhammad’s role as God’s prophet. The willful acceptance of this statement is a declaration of faith or a confession of faith. Seen as a prerequisite for the afterlife 2. All Muslims Must Pray 5 Times Daily Muezzin- Summons Muslims to pray by chanting. Must be facing in the direction of Mecca. Muslims are expected to go to a mosque on Friday to pray. 3. Fasting During Ramadan Ramadan- Muslim holy month. No food or drink from sunrise to sunset. During Ramadan, gifts are exchanged between family and friends. 4. CHARITY All Muslims are required to give alms to the poor. Designed to help the poor and needy of the community. Also, discourages Muslims from being greedy and keeping more than what they need. 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca Hajj- Every Muslim must make a pilgrimage (Holy journey) to holy city of Mecca At least once during their lifetimes In Mecca, Muslims circle the Kaaba seven times and perform other rituals Reminds Muslims of the unity which binds them together-Islam MECCA MECCA