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Unit 2 Chapter 3-6
Write the letter of the term in the space provided on the scantron that best answers the question or
completes the statement.
_____ 1. A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place together with their nonliving
environment is a (an):
a. population b. community
c. ecosystem
d. biome
_____ 2. Organisms that can capture energy and produce food are known as
a. consumers
b. autotrophs
c. heterotrophs
d. omnivores
_____ 3. The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and
their environment is called
a. economy
b. modeling
c. recycling
d. ecology
_____ 4. The combined portions of the Earth in which all living things exist is called
a. biome
b. community
c. ecosystem
d. biosphere
_____ 5. All the members of a particular species that live in the same area are called a (an)
a. biome
b. population
c. community d. ecosystem
_____ 6. Green plants are
a. producers
b. consumers
c. herbivores
d. omnivores
_____ 7. What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems
a. carbohydrates b. sunlight c. water
d. carbon
_____ 8. An organism that cannot make its own food is called a (an)
a. heterotroph b. chemotroph c. autotroph d. producer
_____ 9. Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are
called
a. decomposers
b. omnivores
c. autotrophs
d. producers
_____10. What is an organism that feeds only on plants?
a. carnivore
b. herbivore c. omnivore
d. detritivore
_____11. Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
a. humans
b. plants
c. bacteria
d. consumers
_____ 12. Organism need nutrients to
a. use hydrogen and oxygen
c. recycle chemical compounds
b. carry out essential life functions
d. carry out nitrogen fixation
_____13. A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities is called a (an)
a. biome
b. population
c. biomass
d. chain
_____14. Only 10% of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the
remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is
a. used in reproduction
b. stored as body tissue
c. stored as fat
d. eliminated as heat
_____15. Algae at the beginning of a food chain are
a. consumers
b. decomposers
c. producers
d. heterotrophs
_____16. An organism that uses energy to produce its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called
a (an)
a. heterotroph b. consumer
c. detritivore
d. autotroph
_____17. What animals eat both producers and consumers?
a. herbivores
b. omnivores
c. chemotrophs
d. autotrophs
_____18. The process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air to ammonia is
a. nitrogen fixation
b. excretion
c. respiration d. denitrification
_____19. Water can enter the atmosphere through the processes of evaporation and
a. excretion
b. transpiration
c. translocation
d. interpretation
_____ 20. The average conditions of temperature and precipitation over a long period of time in a particular
region is the region’s
a. weather
b. latitude
c. ecosystem
d. climate
_____ 21. The tendency for warm air to rise and cool air to sink results in
a. global wind and current patterns
b. glacier melting
c. unequal heat distribution
d. climate zones
_____ 22. Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor in the environment?
a. plant life
b. soil type
c. rainfall
d. temperature
_____ 23. An organism’s niche is
a. the way the organism uses the physical and biological conditions in which it lives
b. all the physical factors in the organism’s environment
c. the range of temperatures that the organisms needs to survive
d. a full description of the place an organism lives
_____ 24. An interaction where one organism captures & feeds on another organism is
a. competition b. symbiosis
c. mutualism
d. predation
_____ 25. Symbiosis in which both species benefit is called
a. commensalism
b. mutualism
c. predation
d. parasitism
_____26. Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?
a. desert
b. temperate forest
c. tundra
d. tropical dry forest
_____27. Organisms that use inorganic compounds to make their own food use this processa. photosynthesis
b. chemosynthesis
c. protein synthesis
d. respiration
_____28. The energy of incoming___________drives Earth’s weather and helps to determine climate
a. sunlight
b. precipitation c. volcanoes
d. tsunami
_____29. Atmospheric gases that trap heat inside earth’s atmosphere are called
a. the stratosphere
b. greenhouse gases
c. nitrogen fixation
d, photosynthesis
_____30.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the main difference in primary and secondary succession?
primary succession is slow and secondary is rapid
secondary succession begins on soil and primary begins on newly exposed surfaces
primary succession modifies the environment and secondary succession does not
secondary succession begins with lichens and primary begins with trees
_____31. ______________ is the condition of the air on a daily basis.
a. climate
b. succession
c. weather
d. symbiosis
_____32.
_____39. Which two biomes have the least amount of precipitation?
a. tropical rain forest and temperate grassland
b. tropical savanna and tropical dry forest
c. tundra and desert
d. boreal forest and temperate woodland
_____40. There are 150 Saguaro cacti plants per square kilometer in a certain area of Arizona desert. To
which population characteristic does this information refer?
a. growth rate
b. geographic distribution
c. age structure d. population density
_____41. What can cause a population to grow?
a. The birthrate becomes higher than the death rate
b. The birthrate stays the same, and the death rate increases.
c. The birthrate becomes lower than the death rate
d. The birthrate and the death rate remain the same.
____42. When individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate, it produces a growth pattern called
a. logistic growth
b. growth density c. demographic growth
d. exponential growth
____43. What are two ways a population can decrease in size?
a. immigration and emigration
b. increased birthrate and immigration
c. decreased birthrate and emigration d. emigration and increased birthrate
_____ 44. As resources in a population become less available, population growth
a. becomes negative
b. increases slowly
c. reaches carrying capacity
d. enters a phase of exponential growth,
_____45. If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, the
a. death rate may rise
b. birthrate may rise
c. population will grow faster
d. carrying capacity will change
_____46. The movement of organisms into a given area from another area is called
a. rotation
b. immigration c. emigration
d. degradation
_____47. When the birthrate in a population becomes higher than the death rate, the population growth rate
a. increases
b. decreases
c. levels off
d. decreases, then levels off
_____48. Which of the following describes the largest number of individuals than an environment can
support?
a. carrying capacity
b. immigration
c. emigration
d. exponential growth
_____49. Which of the following is a density-independent factor?
a. earthquake
b. disease
c. emigration
d. parasitism
_____50. Demography is the scientific study of
a. parasitism
b. modernized countries c. human population
d. economic transitions
_____51. The number of individual per unit area is a population’s
a. density
b. propensity
c. capacity
d. demography
_____52. Under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow
a. exponentially
b. differentially
c. ideally
e. royally
_____53. A diagram that graphs the number of people of different age groups in the population is called a
(an)
a. age-structure diagram
b. j-shaped curve
c. people curve diagram
d. demographics diagram
_____ 54. Which is a way to limit deforestation?
a. use more wood products
b. plant and harvest trees on tree farms
c. increase carbon dioxide levels
d. fertilize soil
_____ 56. The sulfur and nitrogen compounds in smog combine with water to form
a. ozone
b. ammonia
c. acid rain
d. CFC’s ( chlorofluorocarbons)
_____ 57. The number of different species in the biosphere is called
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystem diversity
c. genetic diversity
d. species diversity
_____58. Some scientists think that global warming is
a. a natural variation in climate
c. melting the polar ice caps
_____59. An endangered species is
a. a diseased animal
c. a group of organisms near extinction
b. a result of human activity
d. all of these
b. a dangerous predator
d. all organisms at the top of the food chain
_____60. An increase in Earth’s average temperature from the buildup of carbon dioxide and other gases in
the atmosphere is called
a. the greenhouse effect b. ozone depletion
c. global warming
d. particulate dispersal
_____61. When settlers arrived in New England many forests were turned into fields. Eventually, some
fields were abandoned and then grew back into forests. This is best described as
a. primary succession
b. coevolution c. secondary succession
d.niche
_____62. When an organisms habitat is cut into fragments, the population is a. more likely to reproduce
b. likely to decrease in size
c. more stable
Use the two graphs below to answer question # 63GRAPH A
GRAPH B
_____63. Which graph shows exponential growth under ideal conditions?
A. Graph A
B. Graph B
C. None of the above
____64. Which graph shows logistic growth under ideal conditions?
A. Graph
B. Graph B
C. None of the above
_____65. What does the K in Graph A refer to?
a. primary succession
b. carrying capacity
c. Kool-Aid
d. density
66. What would be an example of a density-dependent limiting factor?
A. Human disturbance
C. Natural disaster
B. Food supply
D. None of the above
67. An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism is called _____.
A. Competition
C. Mutualism
B. Symbiosis
D. Predation
68. A bird stalks, kills & eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which ecological term describes the bird?
A. Herbivore, decomposer
C. Carnivore, consumer
B. Producer, heterotroph
D. Autotroph, herbivore
69. Which of the following is NOT completely recycled in the biosphere? (HINT: some is lost due to the
10% rule.)
A. Water
C. Carbon
B. Nitrogen
D. Energy
70. Which organization of an ecosystem is correct? (smallest to largest)
A. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
B. Biome, organism, biosphere, population, community, ecosystem
C. Community, biome, population, ecosystem, biosphere, organism
D. Biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community, population, organism
71. Which is an example of an ABIOTIC factor in the environment?
A. Tree
B. Sunlight
C. Animal
D. Flower
72. A dung beetle’s job is to break down animal feces. The beetle’s job is referred to as its _____.
A. Niche
C. Career
B. Habitat
D. Community
73. A fire destroys a forest community. Which statement is FALSE?
A. Lichens/grasses/weeds will be the pioneer species
B. This is an example of primary succession
C. Hardwood trees will be the climax community
D. Nothing can live in this area again
74 . A population of tree frogs have reached their carrying capacity in a given ecosystem. What does this
mean?
A. Pregnant females are carrying the maximum amount of eggs
B. The total number of offspring parents can have has been met
C. The frog numbers have reached the total number this ecosystem can support
D. The birth rate equals the death rate