Download 4.5 Assessment #2 Study Guide

Study Guide 6th Grade SS 4.5 #2
Name___________________________
Due
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10/2/15________
European Exploration
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Early explorers were after the 3G’s:
God-Spread Christianity
Gold- gain wealth, & natural resources for their country.
Glory-become famous heroes and help their country to expand its empire.
European countries also wanted to find a new trade route to Asia, so they would not have to pay taxes in
Italy.
Portugal, Spain, England, and France were the four main countries to establish empires through
exploration.
Portugal was the first of these countries to look for a new trade route to Asia.
Portugal’s explorations were led by their Prince Henry, who became known as Prince Henry the
Navigator.
Prince Henry did not travel himself, but he opened a navigation observatory (school), funded 50 trips
down the coast of Africa, and started the slave trade when he had sailors buy and bring slaves back to
Europe to work on sugar cane plantations.
Spain funded Christopher Columbus in his attempt to reach Asia by traveling West across the Atlantic
Ocean, instead of finding Asia, he discovered the America’s when he landed in the Bahamas’. Columbus
thought he was in the West Indies.
European exploration led to empire building where countries set up colonies around the world in an
attempt to gain natural resources (raw materials) and have new trade ports to sell European products.
1. Which country was the first to attempt to find a new route to
Asia?_____________________________
2. Which explorer started the slave trade?_______________________________________
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WWI & WWII
The five main causes leading up to WWI were (MANIA) Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism,
Imperialism, and Assassination.
The Russian Revolution was started in 1917 because the serfs were poor, starving, and decided to
overthrow Czar Nicholas.
After the Russian Revolution, Vladimir Lennon took over Russia, renamed it the Soviet Union, and
made it a communist dictatorship.
The signing of the Treaty of Versailles marked the end of WWI.
The treaty declared that was Germany responsible for WWI and as a result would have to:
Pay retribution (money) to the allied countries
Cut back their military and keep it small
Lose lands and colonies that had been part of Germany
The treaty was meant to keep Germany weak by restricting its’ military so it could not attack France
again, or start another war in the future.
3. What was the final straw that leads to the start of WWI?
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. The treaty of Versailles blamed which country for
WWI?______________________________________
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5. In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken
Germany?________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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The end of WWI leads to a worldwide depression that was especially hard on Germany.
Adolf Hitler came along and blamed the Treaty of Versailles and Jews for Germany’s problems.
Hitler promised to rebuild the military, take back lands that Germany had lost after WWI, and end
Germany’s economic problems.
Hitler passed laws to make him a dictator and soon he and his Nazi party controlled Germany.
Hitler invaded Poland in 1939 which started WWII.
During WWII the Nazi’s created the Holocaust, the mass murder of millions of Jews.
6. How did WWI lead to the rise of Hitler and Nazism?______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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7. Which country fought against the Allies in both WWI and WII?_____________________________
Cold War
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The Cold War was a period of tension without direct warfare from 1945 to 1991.
During the Cold War there were two “Superpower” countries, The United States and The Soviet Union.
Europe was divided by and imaginary line that became known as the Iron Curtain.
Western Europe and the United States wanted to increase democracy and limit communism.
Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism.
Germany was divided into West (democratic) and East (communist) Germany and their capital city,
Berlin, was divided by a wall built to keep anyone from entering or exiting the communist side of the
city.
8. During the Cold War Europe was divided into a communist and non communist side by an
imaginary line called the ______________________________
9. Berlin Germany was divided by a real ________________.
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Review from 1st quarter
Language
Europe has many languages which has contributed to their cultural diversity
Europeans respect each other’s languages and cultures, but have their children learn more than one language to
help Europeans communicate with each other better in the future.
The Romance Languages come from the Roman Empire and include French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese.
In Europe, English and German have the largest number of speakers; they are both Germanic languages.
The Slavic language family is different from other European language families because it has a different
alphabet.
10. What affect does Europe having many languages have on European
culture?__________________________________________________________________________
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Pollution
The UK has air pollution called smog caused by factory smoke and car emissions.
Germany has acid rain caused by factory smoke and car emissions.
Both the UK and Germany are trying to stop pollution by encouraging public transportation, requiring factories
and cars to pass emission tests, and looking for new fuel sources for cars and factories.
Chernobyl, Ukraine has radiation pollution caused by the explosion of a nuclear reactor.
The radiation traveled through Europe and affected many other countries.
The Soviet Union and the Ukraine covered the reactor in concrete and steel and evacuated the area around the
reactor to help reduce the affects of the radiation.
11. What are the three main pollution problems in Europe and what countries are related with each
problem?
Climate & Location
England’s climate is mild and rainy year round.
Most of Germany’s climate is mild, having cool winters, warm summers, and plenty of rain.
Italy’s climate has regional differences depending on location.
The UK’s location surrounded by water (trade routes) and near many countries makes it a leader in world trade.
The Alps Mountains are a trade barrier to Italy’s north, but the Mediterranean Sea makes it easy for most
Italians to trade with Africa and Asia.
Many of Russia’s natural resources are impossible to use because of the harsh climate.
What country is represented by?
I ______________________
F_____________________
L____________________
J_______________________
K_____________________
M___________________
N______________________
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N
L
M
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
K
B
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles