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Teams:
Each team takes turns, alternating between teams.
The same person cannot answer until everyone else in the
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1
2
Ecology
3
Populations
4
Climate
5
Soil
6
Nature of
Science
7
Water Systems
8
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Ecology
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What do we call living &
nonliving components of
an ecosystem?
11
Biotic / Abiotic:
12
What diagram is described in the
following:
Only 10% of the usable energy is
transferred because usable energy lost
as heat (2nd law), not all biomass is
digested & absorbed, predators expend
energy to catch prey .
13
Energy flow in food webs:
Trophic levels
•10% Rule
•Keystone
Species
•Indicator
Species
14
What do we call a large
distinct terrestrial region
having similar climate, soil,
plants & animals.
Bonus: Name 4!
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BIOME
16
What are the three types of symbiosis?
Which one is shown in the pictures below?
17
Mutualism
Mutualism , Commensalism,
Parasitism
18
What is the term for development of
communities in a lifeless area not
previously inhabited by life (like on a
newly formed volcanic island)?
&
What is the the term for when life
progresses where soil remains after a
disaster (clear cut forest, fire)?
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Primary Succession & Secondary Succession
20
Populations
21
What do we call the
maximum number of
individuals of one species
that can be sustained in
an ecosystem?
22
Carrying Capacity
Limiting Factors
Overshoot
Exponential
Growth
23
Which type of strategist
reproduces early and has
many small offspring?
Which type reproduces later,
has few offspring, and
provides parental care?
24
R strategist:
Insects, fish, frogs
Short lives
High bio potential
High reproductive rate
Rely on instinct
K strategist:
Elephants, humans, cougar
Low biotic potential
Rely on learning
Long gestation
Lower population growth
25
Describe the growth of the 3 Age structure diagrams.
26
27
1. What are the 1st & 2nd most populated
countries?
2. What is the current World Population?
3. What is the current US Population?
4. What is the most important thing
affecting population growth?
Answer any 3 of the 4 above.
28
1. China & India
2. ~7 Billion
3. ~350 Million
4. Poor education of woman
* Rule of 70
70 divided by the percent
growth rate Ex:
70/2%=35 years
29
Name any 3 of the 4 stages below.
1.
2.
3.
4
30
Preindustrial : Transitional : Industrial :. Postindustrial :
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Climate
32
Name the layers of
the atmosphere in
order.
33
34
Describe how humans
have altered the carbon
cycle.
35
Industry & Transportation
More carbon in
the atmosphere
and less in the
lithosphere
(fossil fuels)
36
What creates wind?
37
The uneven heating of the Earth’s surface
due to:
- surface area of solar radiation
(concentrated at equator)
- the tilt of the Earth (seasons)
- albedo (reflectance of the sun’s
energy)
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What creates
winds?
40
Air masses with high and low
pressure create convection
currents: Heating air causes it to
rise, creating low pressure).
Adiabatic cooling causes the air to
become dense and sink back down.
41
Describe air
pressure and
precipitation at the
equator.
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Soil
43
Air at the equator is heated by the
sun and rises, creating a low
pressure zone. The warm air
evaporates water and releases it as it
cools (adiabatic cooling). Therefore
there is warm, moist air at low
pressure at the equator. This air
starts a convection current called a
Hadley Cell.
44
What’s the Best Soil Type?
40% silt,40 % sand & 20 % clay...
45
LOAM
By particle size- smallest to largest.
(Clay-Silt-Sand)
46
What do we call the process that happens
in arid regions, when water evaporates
leaving salts behind?
&
What do we call the degradation of land in
arid and dry sub-humid areas, resulting
primarily from anthropogenic activities
and influenced by climatic variations?
47
Salinization
Water logging
Desertification
48
Soil Problems:
Name 3 things humans
do that causes soil
degradation.
49
Conservation tillage,
Crop rotation, Cover Crops
Contour plowing,
Terracing, Wind Breaks,
Alley Cropping ,
Organic fertilizers
50
Soil Profile
Name the profile layers below.
51
Litter/Organic layer
Top Soil / Humus
Subsoil
Bedrock/ Parent
Material
52
What do we call the layer in
the soil where minerals leach
into other layers? This layer
often occurs after the O or A
horizon and is sometimes
known as the Zone of
Leaching.
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E Horizon
54
Nature of
Science
55
What are the main
parts of a properly
written hypothesis?
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If EXPERIMENT,
then PREDICTION
because
BACKGROUND.
57
What is a null
hypothesis?
58
The hypothesis that
states that the
experimental variable
(independent) will not
have an effect on the
dependent variable.
If you’re
experiment works,
it should be:
For example: Planting
my apple tree in the sun
will not make it produce
more apples.
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This factor’s purpose in an
experiment is to make sure
no external variables affect
the results.
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Control
61
As lakes become more nutrient rich from run off of
fertilizers and detergents which add nitrogen and
phosphorus to the lakes a process called _______
may occur.
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Eutrophication
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64
What is the difference
between a scientific theory
and the common meaning
of the word “theory”?
65
A scientific theory is a collection of
hypotheses that have been tested and
proven as the best explanation based on
current evidence.
66
What do we call
underground stores of
water? (Name both types!)
67
Aquifers
Uncontained aquifers
Contained aquifers
68
What is the term for salt
water contaminating a
freshwater well?
69
Saltwater intrusion (due to a
large cone of depression on a
coastal region)
70
What is the greatest draw
back to aqueduct?
71
Low efficiency due to evaporation.
72
What is the most efficient
irrigation type?
73
Drip irrigation
74
What are the three largest
uses of water (in order?)
75
1. Irrigation/Agriculture
2. Industry
3. Household
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ACT /LAW
-requires coal strip
mines to reclaim the
land.
(SMCRA)
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Surface Mining Control &
Reclamation Act:
79
1. Type of mining that is cheaper
& can remove more minerals,
less hazardous to workers.
2. Give 2 examples
80
Surface Mining
ExamplesStrip
Contour Strip
Open pit
Mountain top removal
81
ROCK CYCLE
The three major
types of rocks are82
83
After ore is mined , the unusable
part ( ______ ) that remains is
placed in piles called _________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Waste , Overburden
Spoil, Seam Waste
Leachate , Tailings
Spoil , Tailings
A. Spoil , Tailings
Mine tailings often include
sulfide compounds.
ACID DRAINAGE
85
GROUND WATER
1. Any water bearing layer in the
ground.
2. Near the coast, over pumping of
groundwater causes saltwater to move
into the aquifer.
86
Aquifer:
Salt water intrusion:
87
How many children should each woman have to do
no more than replace herself and her mate
(assuming one mate)?
As a global average, she should have about 2.1
children.
Developing countries it is higher.
The number is slightly higher than two to account
for infant mortality.
Reproduction at this level is called- (RFL)
____________________________
88
Replacement fertility level (RFL)
* Total fertility rate (TFR)
89
An abnormal warming of
surface ocean waters in the
eastern tropical Pacific, is one
part of what's called the
Southern Oscillation.
90
El Nino
Drought
NoUpwelling
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