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35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 1 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Organs and Organ Systems A group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a single function is called an organ. A group of organs that perform closely related functions is an organ system. There are eleven organ systems in the body. Slide 2 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Nervous System Structures: Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves, Sensory Organs Function: Detects stimuli and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments Slide 3 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Circulatory System Structures: Heart, blood & blood vessels Function: Brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps to regulate body temperature Slide 4 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 5 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Respiratory System Structures: Mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs Function: Provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 6 of 33 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 7 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Digestive System Structures: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum Function: Converts food into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 8 of 33 35–1 Human Body Systems Mechanical Chemical stomach muscles contract Slide 9 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Urinary/Excretory System Structures: Skin, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra Function: Eliminates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 10 of 33 35–1 Human Body Systems MAIN ORGAN OF EXCRETORY SYSTEM = KIDNEYS Slide 11 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Endocrine System Structures: Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries (in females), testes (in males) Function: Controls growth, development and metabolism; maintains homeostasis; Produces Hormones Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 12 of 33 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 13 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body The Male Reproductive System Reproductive System Structures: Male: Testes, Prostate, Epididymus, Vas Deferens, Penis Female: Ovaries, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Cervix, Vagina The Female Reproductive System Function: Produce Gametes (sperm/egg); Produce/Nurture Offspring Slide 14 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Skeletal System Structures: Bones, cartilage, ligaments Function: Supports the body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores mineral reserves; provides a site for blood cell formation Slide 15 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 16 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Muscular System Structures: Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle; tendons Function: Works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system Slide 17 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 18 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 19 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Integumentary System Structures: Skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands Function: Serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 20 of 33 35–1 Human Body Systems Slide 21 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems Organization of the Body Lymphatic/Immune Systems Structures: White blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels Function: Helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid lost from blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system Slide 22 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 35–1 Human Body Systems White Blood Cell Fluid Slide 23 of 33 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall System 35–1 Human Body Systems Organs Function Cardiovascular Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels Transport of Gases, Nutrients, & Wastes; Temperature Regulation Respiratory Mouth, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs Gas Exchange (O2 in & CO2 out) Digestive Mouth, Pharynx, Break Down Food & Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Absorb Nutrients; Intestines Eliminates Waste Urinary Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra Endocrine Glands: Hypothalamus, Produce & Secrete Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenals, Hormones; Maintain Ovaries & Testes Homeostasis Filter Waste Out of Blood & Maintain Homeostasis Slide 24 of 33 System 35–1 Human Body Systems Organs Function Nervous Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves, Sensory Organs Communication, Control & Coordination Lymphatic/ Immune Lymph Nodes, Thymus, Spleen, White Blood Cells Return Lost Fluid to Blood Stream & Fight Infection Integumentary Skin, Hair, & Nails; Sweat & Oil Glands Protection & Covering; Temperature Regulation; Prevents Infections Muscular Muscles & Tendons Movement of Skeleton & Internal Organs Skeletal Bones, Ligaments, & Cartilage Support, Protection, Mineral Storage, & Blood Slide 25 of 33 Cell Formation