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Download Ecology is the study of interactions among and with their environment
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Matter Cycles Analyze the diagram above and read the following definitions and choose a term from the picture to associate with the definition: _________________________________ - water from the clouds falls down onto the land. ________________________________ - water loss from the leaves of plants ________________________________ - water loss from bodies of water due to the effects of the sun ________________________________ - water accumulation in the clouds Nitrogen Cycle About 80% of the Earth’s atmosphere is composed of nitrogen. This cannot be directly used by plants and animals. Plants and animals need nitrogen to make organic compounds such as _______________, _________ and __________. Bacteria in the soil convert those nitrogen into forms plants can use. This is called __________________. Plants use the nitrogen in the soil to grow. Animals eat the plants; then animal and plant residues return nitrogen to the soil again, completing the cycle. Ecology Page 1 Carbon Cycle In the atmosphere, carbon is attached to some oxygen in a gas called carbon dioxide. Plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to make their own food and grow. The carbon becomes part of the plant. Plants that die and are buried may turn into __________________ made of carbon like coal and oil over millions of years. When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the ____________________ as carbon dioxide. Natural processes such as _______________ also release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a _____________ gas and traps heat in the atmosphere. Without it and other greenhouse gases, Earth would be a frozen world. But humans have burned so much fuel that there is about 30% more carbon dioxide in the air today than there was about 150 years ago, and Earth is becoming a warmer place – _____________________. Oxygen Cycle ___________________ release oxygen through the process of ______________________ ________________ takes in oxygen and use it during _________________________ ___________________. The _____________________ ______________________ is a layer of O3 in the atmosphere that absorbs 97–99% of the suns UV radiation. The ozone layer has been depleted due the use of certain chemicals including _________________________________________ or CFC’s. Breakdown of the ozone allows more harmful radiation to the Earth’s surface. Many countries have banned the use of CFC’s in aerosol sprays. This has helped to lessen ozone layer depletion. Ecology Page 2