Download Plant Cells

Cells – Part 3
12. Vacuole
Vacuole
A. Temporary storage
(sugars, proteins, minerals,
wastes & pigments)
B. Plants have a large central
vacuole
C. Animals have a small or
absent vacuole
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13. Mitochondrion
(plural = mitochondria)
A. “Powerhouse” of the cell
B. Generate cellular energy (ATP)
C. More active cells like muscle
cells have MORE mitochondria
D. Both plants & animal cells have
mitochondria
E. Site of CELLULAR
RESPIRATION (burning sugar to
produce energy (ATP) )
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MITOCHONDRIA
A. Surrounded by a
DOUBLE membrane
1. Increases
surface area for
more chemical
reactions
B. Has its own DNA
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14. Plastids (Plant Cells)
A. A plant organelle
B. Contain pigments
C. Example:
A. Leucoplasts: colorless;
store starch
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15. Chloroplast (Plant cells)
A. Contain the green
pigment chlorophyll
B. Traps in sunlight
to make sugar (food)
C. Process is called
photosynthesis
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16. Cytoskeleton
A.Helps cell maintain
cell shape
B. Made of proteins
C. Network of fibers
constructed of:
a. microtubules
b. microfilaments
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17. Peroxisomes
1. Use oxygen to break
down fats
2. In the liver; detoxifies
alcohol
18. Centrioles (Animal cell)
1. Near the nucleus
2. Paired structure
3. Help cell divide
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19. Cilia
1. Movement in unicellular organisms
2. Occur in large numbers
3. Cells in a part of a tissue layer use
cilia to move fluid over the surface.
4. Example: Lining of windpipe
20. Flagella
1. Movement in unicellular organisms
2. Generally longer than cilia and limited
to one or a few per cell
3. Example: Sperm and algae
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Cell Comparisons
A. Types of Cells
1. Different kinds of 2. Different kinds of
animal cells
plant cells
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Similarities between plant and
animal cells
1.Both have a cell membrane
surrounding the cytoplasm
2.Both have a nucleus
3.Both contain mitochondria
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C. Differences between plant
and animal cells
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Relatively smaller in
size
Irregular shape
Relatively larger in size
No cell wall
Cell wall present
Vacuole small or absent
Large central vacuole
Glycogen as food
storage
Nucleus at the center
Starch as food source
Regular shape
Nucleus near cell wall
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D. Animal Cell
Organelles
E. Plant Cell
Organelles
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