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Transcript
Times of Conflict Identify events that caused the Peloponnesian War. Compare and contrast the roles of Athens and Sparta during the Peloponnesian War. Explain how the government of Athens changed as a result of the Peloponnesian War. Demagogue – weak leaders who were popular because they told people what they wanted to hear, even though it was not true Dictatorship – government with absolute power Mercenary – soldiers willing to fight for anyone who pays them Leaders of Sparta feared Athens would gain too much power. The rivalry between the powerful city-states of Athens and Sparta led to battles known as the Peloponnesian War. Pericles invested tribute money into the navy which alarmed Spartans. Fought for 15 years (460 BC- 445 BC) 445 BC both sides got tired of fighting; signed Thirty Years’ Peace Treaty 14 years after Sparta and Athens agreed on Thirty Years’ Peace, war broke out again A lengthy war between Sparta and Athens for 27 years resulted in the end of the Golden Age of Athens Athens Plague surrendered to Sparta in 404 BC spread throughout Athens killing many Athenians including Pericles Athens went through a series of different leaders Demagogues In 405 BC the Spartans surprised the Athenian fleet near the Hellespont and destroyed it Spartans broke up the Athenian Empire and took control of the Athenian government Instead of democratic rule, Athens was ruled by a dictatorial oligarchy, known as the Thirty Tyrants Sparta changed Athens by changing it from a democracy to a dictatorship The Thirty Tyrants were overthrown, and the new leaders tried to restore Athenian democracy Since many people still wanted strong leaders, Athenian democracy never fully recovered Competition and conflict continued among Greek city-states Sparta and Athens were weakened from years of fighting As a result, Thebes gained power on the mainland During Athens’s Golden Age, Sparta and Athens were the two most powerful city-states Their rivalry led to the Peloponnesian War, which ended the Golden Age of Athens Sparta’s victory in the war marked the beginning of a period of conflict and competition among the city-states This caused the Greek city-states to become unstable What was the effect of Athens’s desire for more power? What events helped cause Athen’s defeat in the Peloponnesian War? They changed it from democracy to dictatorship What changes in governing did Athens experience after the Three Thousand regained control of the city-state? Sparta’s attack on Attica, a plague in Athens, the build up of Sparta’s army What change did the Spartans make to Athen’s form of government? Tension with Sparta, which led to the Peloponnesian War. The Athenians set out about restoring democracy After the Peloponnesian War, why did Athens, Corinth, and Argos form the Corinthian Alliance? To defeat Sparta