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27 April 2016 EQ – What is feudalism? Bellringer – Out of the 3 groups attacking Europe, who was the most “fierce”? Where were they from? Understanding the social system of the Middle Ages Notes Video (if time) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCPp7XWZfHo Homework – Read Chapter 17.3 Shield Project due – May 6 1 Feudal Society Political Structure 2 OBJECTIVES Our lesson today is on the political structure of the feudal system and the importance of the relationship between lords and vassals during the Middle Ages 3 Topics of Discussion Why was feudalism necessary? Relationship Between Lords and Vassals What is a Knight? Workers on the Manor The Feudal Contract Constructing the Feudal Pyramid of Power 4 WHY WAS FEUDALISM NECESSARY? 5 Relationship Between Lords and Vassals The relationship between lords and vassals made up a big part of the political and social structure of the feudal system Vassals had certain duties to perform for the lord All nobles were ultimately vassals of the king. 6 CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OR POWER 7 CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER SERFS, FREEMEN & PEASANTS 8 CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS, FREEMEN & PEASANTS 9 CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS, FREEMEN & PEASANTS 10 CONSTRUCTING THE PYRAMID OF POWER The “glue” holding it all together is the Church. King LOYALTY AND SERVICE LAND Powerful Nobles LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE Lesser Nobles (Knights) LABOR PROTECTION Serfs, Freemen & Peasants 11 Vocabulary Nobles/lords - Below the king (vassal of the king), they controlled most peoples' lives. Vassal - a knight who promised to support a lord in exchange for land Homage – ceremony in which a man became a vassal of a lord Knight - A soldier of high military rank – on horseback (normally gives 40 days military service) 12 What is a Knight? Almost all nobles were knights Training began at age 7, as a page, under the guidance of the lady of the manor Became squires at age 15 and were trained by other knights Those deemed worthy were “dubbed” knights 13 Vocabulary Fief – Usually land given in exchange for loyalty Serf - A serf was bound to a lord and manor for life to work the land Freemen – skilled workers who paid rent and could leave the land as they wished Manor - manor consisted of a manor house, a village(s), and up to several thousand acres of land Feudal Contract – An agreement between lords and vassals in which land was exchanged for service 14 The Medieval Set-up The king then splits his land up between his lords (usually nobles, or related in some way to the king!) They must provide loyalty and service to the king for the land or it will be taken away! The land is called a fief. The king controls his land and kingdom, but he needs protection. There isn’t tons of money available, so he uses land instead! The lords then split their fiefs into manors and assign a knight to each. The knight provides military service to the lord and king and protects the lower people living on the manor. Under the knights are the peasants, serfs, and freemen who live on the manor. 15 Life on a manor 16 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCPp7XWZfHo REVIEW Let’s see how much you remember! 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Everyone owed loyalty to the ________ _______ were really the most powerful. They got _______ from the king. Lesser nobles (knights) gave _________ _________ in return for land _______ were bound to the land. They worked in return for ____________. __________ were skilled workers. They paid rent to the ______ and were free to move if they wanted to. 17 Check Your Answers 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Everyone owed loyalty to the king. Nobles were really the most powerful. They got land from the king. Lesser nobles (knights) gave military service in return for land. Serfs were bound to the land. They worked in return for protection. Freemen were skilled workers. They paid rent to the nobles and were free to move if they wanted to. 18