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Chapter 5 Study Guide
Chemistry 1,2 E
At the completion of chapter 13 you should be able to...
1. Describe the contribution of each of the following to the development of the periodic table:
a. Dobereiner
b. Newlands
c. Mendeleev
d. Moseley
2. State Mendeleev's periodic law.
3. Describe how Mendeleev's periodic table is organized.
4. Explain was wrong with Mendeleev's periodic law?
5. State the modern periodic law
6. Describe how the modern periodic table is organized.
7. Define: period, series, group, family.
8. Explain why elements in the same family have similar properties.
9. Define, in terms of location on the periodic table: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, chalcogens, halogens,
noble/inert gases, transition elements, rare earth elements, lanthanide series, actinide series, metals,
metalloids, nonmetals.
10. Discuss the periodic trend in atomic size, ionization energy and electronegativity. Include across a period,
down a family, and a comparison of metals vs. nonmetals. Be able to explain each trend.
Examples:
a. Which atom is larger, P or S? Why?
b. Which atom is smaller, Mn or Tc? Why?
c. Which atom has a higher ionization energy, C or Si? Why?
d. Which atom has a lower ionization energy, Tc or Nb? Why?
e. Which have relatively high ionization energies, metals or nonmetals?
f Which atom has a higher electronegativity, V or Cr? Why?
g. Which atom has a lower electronegativity, Se or S? Why?
h. Which have relatively low electronegativities, metals or nonmetals?
11. Discuss and explain the manner in which metals and nonmetals tend to form ions. Also compare and explain
the relative sizes of the metal or nonmetal ions to their parent atoms.
Examples:
a. Will calcium form a positive or negative ion?
b. What ion will it form?
c. Will the calcium ion be larger or smaller than the calcium atom? Why?
d. Will nitrogen form a positive or negative ion?
e. What ion will it form?
f Will the nitrogen ion be larger or smaller than the nitrogen atom? Why?
12. Discuss and explain the periodic trends in activity for both metals and nonmetals. Include across a period
and down a family, and list the most active metal and nonmetal.
Examples:
a. Which atom has the greater activity, Ga or Ge? Why?
b. Which atom has the greater activity, N or P? Why?
c. Which atom has the greater activity, S or CI? Why?
d. Which atom has the greater activity, Sr or Zr? Why?
e. What is the most active metal?
f What is the most active nonmetal?