Download HS standard 4 2017

HS standard 4 2017- Answer Sheet
1) The periodic table is organized by
A)
atomic mass.
B)
atomic size.
C) atomic number.
D) atomic periodicity.
Explanation:
The periodic table is organized by atomic number, by the increasing number of protons in each element. This was
first ordered by Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev.
2)
This section of the periodic table is called a(n)
A) group.
B)
period.
C) series.
D) set.
Explanation:
This is a group. The reason it is called a "group" or "family" is that they all have similar chemical characteristics,
much like you and your little brother are similar, because you both have blue eyes.
3) MOST elements on the periodic table are
A)
gases
B) metals
C) nonmetals
D) rare earth elements
Explanation:
Most elements on the periodic table are metals. Metals have few valence electrons and dominate the entire left side
of the periodic table.
4) Which type of element typically loses an electron to become an ion?
A)
B)
C)
D)
gas
metal
nonmetal
semimetal
Explanation:
A metal atom would lose an electron to become an ion. These are all located on the left of the periodic table with few
valence electrons.
5)
Describe the location of non-metals on the periodic table?
A)
middle
B)
upper left corner
C) lower left corner
D) upper right corner
Explanation:
Think about metals. Metals are typically shiny (luster) and are solid. Gases obviously do not fit this description. All the
common gases are non-metals which are found in the upper right corner.
6)
According to theories concerning the origin of life, the atom shown is a likely choice for the basic element of all livings
things because it
A)
is small and unstable.
B) is relatively stable and can form four covalent bonds.
C) forms four ionic bonds with other elements and itself.
D) is large and takes up enough space to fill the structure of a cell.
Explanation:
Carbon is relatively stable and can form four covalent bonds.
Carbon is an element that can form energy rich single, double or triple bonds with itself or other elements.
7) Which is a gas at room temperature?
A)
aluminum
B) nitrogen
C) potassium
D) sodium
Explanation:
Nitrogen has weak bonds with itself and is, therefore, a gas at room temperature. All of the others are to the left on
the periodic table and are metals, and solids, at room temperature.
8) Which is MOST LIKELY a solid at room temperature?
A)
chlorine
B)
hydrogen
C) neon
D) potassium
Explanation:
Potassium is the only solid listed. All of the others are gases. If you look at the periodic table, potassium is listed on
the left and is classified with all the other metals. All the rest are on the right with the nonmetals.
9)
The periodic table organizes elements according to INCREASING
A)
atomic mass.
B)
energy level.
C) atomic number.
D) valence number.
Explanation:
Although there are many different organizations of the periodic table, the one that determines how elements will
actually be placed is determined by the number of protons, or the atomic number
10) Radon is the heaviest naturally radioactive ________________ gas.
A) noble
B)
halogen
C)
D)
group 1
diatomic
Explanation:
Radon is a naturally radioactive noble gas that is the decay product of radium. It is a danger to many low-lying
basements in houses, it is chemically very stable, but highly radioactive. You can tell it is a noble gas because it is
located in the eighth and last group or family of the periodic table. This tells you it has a 8 valence electrons and is
very stable.
11) Elements in the same group/family of the periodic table are similar in what way?
A)
They are all metals
B)
They are all nonmetals
C) They have a full outer shell of electrons.
D) They have the same number of valence electrons.
Explanation:
They have the same number of valence. This makes them similar in terms of reactability predictions and
properties.
12)
Which of these period three elements from the periodic table would you predict to be the MOST metallic?
A) Al
B)
Ar
C) Cl
D) Si
Explanation:
Al is the most metallic element in this list. Metals are generally located on the left of the periodic table, nonmetals on
the right and semi-metals on the stair step in between.
13)
Members of the alkaline earth elements have several things in common. They are
A)
nonmetals and are nonreactive.
B) metals with two valence electrons.
C) metals that are not very reactive.
D) metalloids with two valence electrons.
Explanation:
The alkaline earth elements are in the same family, reactive in a like manner. They are metals with two valence
electrons; the two valence electrons helps explain why they have similar properties and react alike.
14)
The outlined elements have a major characteristic in common. They are all
A)
metals.
B) nonmetals.
C) very reactive.
D) solids at room temperature.
Explanation:
These elements are all nonmetals.
You can predict the properties of elements based on their location in the periodic table. As you move across the
periodic table elements change from metals to nonmetals.
15)
The word family implies that the elements in a family have like properties. What property do the elements of the noble
gas family all share?
A) They are not reactive.
B)
They are very reactive.
C) They are found in the earth's atmosphere.
D) They react readily with oxygen in the air.
Explanation:
All of the noble gases behave alike. Because of their valence electron number they are not reactive. At one time,
they were =called the inert gases because they did not react. Inert means non-reactive.
16)
What element behaves MOST like magnesium?
A)
S
B)
Si
C) Sn
D) Sr
Explanation:
Sr behaves MOST like magnesium because it is in the same family, the alkaline earth metals. Members of the same
family have the same number of valence electrons; this is an important reason why they behave alike.
17) A researcher is trying to create a new super conductive wire. Which category on the periodic table should he or
she look in first?
A) metals
B)
non-metals
C) metalloids
D) noble gases
Explanation:
Metals are the most conductive elements because of they easily lose valence electrons. The second best would be
the metalloids, with non-metals and noble gases having little ability to conduct electricity.
18) All the elements of a family in the periodic table have what feature in common?
A) They all have similar chemical properties.
B)
They all have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
C) They are all located in the same horizontal row or period.
D) They all have the same number of electrons in the electron cloud.
Explanation:
Elements of any family in the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons. Because of this they all
have similar chemical properties.
19) The majority of elements found in the periodic table can be classified as
A)
gases.
B) metals.
C) nonmetals.
D) nonreactive.
Explanation:
The majority of elements found in the periodic table can be classified as metals. Metals are found to the left of the
stair-step line on the right side of the periodic table. All but one metal is solid at room temperature. Metals form
positive ions because they lose electrons when forming compounds.
20)
An atom of an alkaline earth metal reacts with another element to form a compound. Which element MOSTLY
LIKELY combined with the alkaline metal?
A)
iron
B)
neon
C) oxygen
D) sodium
Explanation:
The alkaline earth metal has two valence electrons. So the reaction of its atom with the atom of nonmetal element
with 6 valence electrons would be predicted. In this case, that would be oxygen .