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Transcript
History of Parthenon Parthenon one of most fumes architecture work on a Greeks area. When they built it the Athenian Empire was at the heights of its power. The Parthenon's presented the Athenian imperial power. Few of the historians believe that Athens concluded a peace treaty with Persian 449. Parthenon ancient Greek temple in the city of Athens, was built on a mountain called the Acropolis, overlooking Athens. Dedicate the Parthenon in Athens, the goddess of the sponsors of the city of Athens in Greek mythology, and is by far the best examples of ancient Greek architecture. Greeks built the Parthenon in the period between 447 and 432 BC.. Has been designed by architects Aligriqian Aktinos and Kolkata, and oversaw the work of sculpture Greek sculptor Phidias. During the past 2,500 years, the Parthenon(the apotheosis of ancient Greek architecture)has been rocked by earthquakes, set on fire, shattered by exploding gunpowder, looted for its stunning sculptures and defaced by misguided preservation efforts. Amazingly, the ancient Athenians built the Parthenon in just eight or nine years. Repairing it is taking a bit longer. A reestablish project funded by the Greek government and the European Union is now entering its 34th year, as archaeologists, architects, civil engineers and craftsmen strive not simply to imitate the workmanship often ancient Greeks but to rebuilt it. They built it to became forensic architects and recreated for long time lost the techniques to answer questions that archaeologists and classical scholars have debated for centuries. How did the Athenians could built the Parthenon in this strong Structure how they could to merge incorporate subtle visual elements into the Parthenon's layout and how to achieve to the right proportions without any mistake and how they could created of high accuracy without used any modern machine. The Parthenon represents “the supreme effort of genius in pursuit of beauty,” The Parthenon was part of an ambitious building campaign on the Acropolis that began around 450 B.C. In about 500 AD turned the temple into a Christian church. Fired on the Parthenon (PARTHENON MARIA) the Virgin Mary and the temple was a cathedral city in the eleventh century, and then became the Athenian Acropolis entire medieval castle. After Ottoman forces seized the city in the middle of the fifteenth century AD about the mosque. In 1687 Parthenon injured were seriously damaged when the Venetians tried (Venetians) seizure of Athens was the Turks using gunpowder warehouse building in the Covenant, and explosion Broody led to the demolition of the central part of the building. And transferred most of the remnants of sculptures to the Acropolis Museum in Athens and the British Museum in London, where he was in the British Museum. After that liberated Greece raised the Acropolis became all under the auspices of the Greek, and limited investigations occurred in 1835 and 1837, while that in 1885-1890, P. Kavadias to explore the site, and in the twentieth century has Balanos the work of the restoration project widely to keep the effects of the Acropolis. Building of the temple: And built the temple of marble Mount Bntlecos rich element iron, has reached the length of the Parthenon 228 feet, and width 101 feet and a height of 65 meters away base 69.5 × 30.9 meters, and the radius of its columns rotating 1.9 meters, and a length 10.4 meters, and the Interface Builder eight poles, and eight in the buttocks and on each side of the two sides was the number of columns 17 column. And has appeared in this temple several new architectural innovations to Greek architecture, including: 1 - up the upper diameter of the column ¾ diameter at the bottom of the hull to avoid the appearance of thin column. 2 - The columns of Staff thicker than the rest of the columns to avoid deceiving consideration. 3 - less than the distance between the corner column and the column next to him on each side about 24 inches from the other distances in order to find a fit between the columns of the corners and the rest of the columns. 4 - taking into account that tend columns inside inclined slightly from the rate established vertical to bring about the type of tie with Mel vertical lines. 5 - an area of smooth slab Central Metope in frieze larger than others in order to avoid deceiving consideration. 6 - tends truss within about 13.5 degrees, a pitch does not allow that received, cornices shadow sculptures inside the truss. Parthenon includes central space closed called Alsla, any Bible, divided into two rooms included one in the past a huge statue of Athena of gold and ivory while the other used a warehouse for storage. Parthenon includes central space closed called Alsla, any Bible, divided into two rooms included one in the past a huge statue of Athena of gold and ivory while the other used a warehouse for storage. It is surrounded Alsla six and forty column class league of actors four, was decorated the Parthenon sculptures gleaming, which was filled Qusrtin (ends ceiling Almthelttin), where decorated Qusrh Eastern views illustrate the birth of Athens, while offered Qusrh Western views of the war legendary between Athens and the sea god Poseidon of for control of Athens. And lined up on the top of the outer wall, above the columns, carved a series of banners named Almitobat, painted with scenes of the famous legendary battles between Allabuthaian and Quintals, between the gods and the strain of the Giants, and between the Greeks and the Amazons. And these signs also showed scenes from the Trojan War. And along the outer wall of the Sala put horizontal frieze, which included scenes of the population of Athens, including the officials, priests and Chaperones and knights on horseback, in the annual procession to celebrate the birth of the goddess Athena.