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Biology Chapter Test-DNA-RNA Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. DNA stands for a. doubleribonucleic acid b. ribonucleic acfid c. deoxyribonucleus acid d. deoxyribonucleic acid ____ 2. The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called a. cell division. b. metaphase. c. interphase. d. mitosis. Figure 10–5 ____ 3. The structure labeled A in Figure 10–5 is called the a. centromere. b. centriole. c. sister chromatid. d. spindle. ____ 4. The first phase of mitosis is called a. prophase. b. anaphase. c. metaphase. d. interphase. ____ 5. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell? a. prophase b. telophase c. metaphase d. anaphase ____ 6. Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase b. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase c. interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase d. prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase ____ 7. The two main stages of cell division are called a. mitosis and interphase. b. synthesis and cytokinesis. c. the M phase and the S phase. d. mitosis and cytokinesis. ____ 8. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing a. two chromosomes. b. four chromosomes. c. eight chromosomes. d. sixteen chromosomes. ____ 9. Cancer cells form masses of cells called a. tumors. b. cyclins. c. growth factors. d. p53. ____ 10. What do bacteriophages infect? a. mice. b. humans. c. viruses. d. bacteria. Figure 12–1 ____ 11. Which part of the bacteriophage in Figure 12–1 contains genetic material? a. A b. B c. C d. D ____ 12. What stores information in a cell? a. proteins b. carbohydrates c. lipids d. DNA ____ 13. In what way is DNA like a book? a. DNA has information organized with an kind of index. b. DNA has stored information, that can be copied and passed on. c. DNA has information wrapped in an identifying cover. d. DNA has information that is periodically updated. ____ 14. In which cells is the accurate transmission of information most important? a. nerve cells b. skin cells c. sex cells d. bone cells ____ 15. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? a. adenine + phosphate group + thymine b. cytosine + phosphate group + guanine c. deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase d. deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine Human Chicken Bacterium (S. lutea) Nitrogenous Bases (%) A G T 19.9 29.4 28.8 2 13.4 Figure 12–3 C 21.5 ____ 16. The table in Figure 12–3 shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the DNA of several different organisms. Some of the values are missing from the table. Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken DNA should be around a. 28.8% b. 19.9% c. 21.5% d. 13.4% ____ 17. Which scientist(s) figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix? a. Hershey and Chase b. Griffith c. Watson and Crick d. Franklin Figure 12–5 ____ 18. In Figure 12–5, what nucleotide is going to be added at point 1, opposite from thymine? a. adenine b. thymine c. cytosine d. guanine ____ 19. RNA contains the sugar a. ribose. b. deoxyribose. c. glucose. d. lactose. ____ 20. Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell? a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNA d. RNA polymerase Figure 13–2 ____ 21. What does Figure 13–2 show? a. anticodons b. exons c. introns d. the genetic code Figure 13–3 ____ 22. In Figure 13–3, which amino acid is specified by the mRNA code CCC? a. Gly b. Lys c. Ala d. Pro ____ 23. According to Figure 13–3, which code specifies the same amino acid as UAU? a. UAC b. UAA c. UGC d. UGU ____ 24. Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms? a. protein to DNA to RNA b. RNA to DNA to protein c. DNA to RNA to protein d. RNA to protein to DNA ____ 25. When a chromosome undergoes a deletion mutation, information is a. repeated. b. lost. c. reversed. d. transferred. Biology Chapter Test-DNA-RNA Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: OBJ: TOP: 2. ANS: OBJ: TOP: 3. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 4. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 5. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 6. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 7. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 8. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 9. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 10. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 11. ANS: OBJ: STA: MSC: 12. ANS: OBJ: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 274 10.1.1 Explain the problems that growth causes for cells. STA: SC.912.N.1.1.6 Foundation Edition MSC: knowledge A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 276 10.1.2 Compare asexual and sexual reproduction. STA: SC.912.L.16.17 Foundation Edition MSC: knowledge A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 282 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition knowledge A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 282 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition knowledge C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 282 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition comprehension A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 282 | p. 283 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition analysis D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 282 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition knowledge B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 279 | p. 280 10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. SC.912.L.16.14 TOP: Foundation Edition application A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 289 10.3.2 Explain how cancer cells are different from other cells. SC.912.N.1.1.6 | SC.912.L.16.8 TOP: Foundation Edition knowledge D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 340 12.1.2 Describe the role of bacteriophages in identifying genetic material. SC.912.L.16.7 TOP: Foundation Edition knowledge B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 340 12.1.2 Describe the role of bacteriophages in identifying genetic material. SC.912.L.16.7 TOP: Foundation Edition comprehension D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 342 12.1.3 Identify the role of DNA in heredity. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: knowledge 13. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 342 | p. 342 OBJ: 12.1.3 Identify the role of DNA in heredity. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: evaluation 14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 343 OBJ: 12.1.3 Identify the role of DNA in heredity. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 MSC: comprehension 15. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 345 OBJ: 12.2.1 Identify the chemical components of DNA. STA: SC.912.L.18.4 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: analysis 16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 345 OBJ: 12.2.2 Discuss the experiments leading to the identification of DNA as the molecule that carries the genetic code. STA: SC.912.N.3.2 | SC.912.L.18.4 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: application 17. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 346 OBJ: 12.2.2 Discuss the experiments leading to the identification of DNA as the molecule that carries the genetic code. STA: SC.912.N.3.2 | SC.912.L.18.4 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: comprehension 18. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 350 | p. 351 OBJ: 12.3.1 Summarize the events of DNA replication. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 | SC.912.L.18.4 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: analysis 19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 362 OBJ: 13.1.1 Contrast RNA and DNA. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: knowledge 20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 363 OBJ: 13.1.2 Explain the process of transcription. STA: SC.912.L.16.5 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: comprehension 21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 367 OBJ: 13.2.1 Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read. STA: SC.912.L.16.9 MSC: knowledge 22. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 367 OBJ: 13.2.1 Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read. STA: SC.912.L.16.9 MSC: application 23. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 367 OBJ: 13.2.1 Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read. STA: SC.912.L.16.9 MSC: application 24. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 370 OBJ: 13.2.3 Describe the "central dogma" of molecular biology. STA: SC.912.L.16.3 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: comprehension 25. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 374 OBJ: 13.3.1 Define mutations and describe the different types of mutations. STA: SC.912.L.16.4 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: analysis