Download Circulatory System

CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
By: Kayla Tan and Peter
Lampropoulos
Main Function
• The circulatory system is the
body’s transport system.
• It is made up of a group of
organs that transport blood
throughout the body.
• The heart pumps the blood and
the arteries and veins transport
it.
Systems of the Circulatory System
• Heart: The heart is the key organ in
the circulatory system. As a
hollow, muscular pump, its main
function is to propel blood
throughout the body
• Artery: Arteries are strong tubes,
or vessels, that carry blood from
your heart to the rest of your
body. Arteries transport blood
containing oxygen and nutrients to
smaller tubes called arterioles,
which then deliver blood to even
smaller vessels called capillaries.
Continued
• Vein: Using the network of
arteries, veins and capillaries,
blood carries carbon dioxide to
the lungs (for exhalation) and
picks up oxygen.
• Capillary: Capillaries carry blood
away from the body and exchange
nutrients, waste, and oxygen with
tissues at the cellular level
• Atria: The atrium is an upper
chamber in which blood enters the
heart, as opposed to the lower
ventricle, where it is pushed out of
the organ. It has a thin-walled
structure that allows blood to return
to the heart.
Continued
• Ventricles: In a four-chambered
heart, such as that in humans,
there are two ventricles that
operate in a double circulatory
system: the right ventricle pumps
blood into the pulmonary
circulation to the lungs, and the
left ventricle pumps blood into
the systemic circulation through
the aorta
• Valves: The heart has 4 valves:
The mitral valve and tricuspid
valve, which control blood flow
from the atria to the ventricles.
The aortic valve and pulmonary
valve, which control blood flow
out of the ventricles.
• Blood: The blood circulatory
system (cardiovascular system)
delivers nutrients and oxygen to
all cells in the body.
Continued
• Red Blood Cells: Circulatory System IV:
Red Blood Cells. In the human body, the
blood serves many purposes, but one of
the most important purposes of blood is
to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the lungs and the rest of the
tissues of the body.
• White Blood Cells: White blood cells
(WBCs), also called leukocytes or
leucocytes, are the cells of the immune
system that are involved in protecting the
body against both infectious disease and
foreign invaders
• Platelets: Platelets are tiny cells that have
a big job in stopping bleeding. Proteins in
the blood called clotting factors work to
form a clot.
Continued
• Plasma: Plasma is the often
forgotten component of blood.
White blood cells, red blood cells,
and platelets are essential to body
function, but plasma also plays a
crucial, and mostly unrecognized,
job. It carries these blood
components throughout the body
as the fluid in which they travel
• Oxygenated: The left atrium
receives newly oxygenated blood
from the lungs as well as the
pulmonary vein which is passed into
the strong left ventricle to be
pumped through the aorta to the
different organs of the body
• Deoxygenated: From the tissue
capillaries, the deoxygenated blood
returns through a system of veins to
the right atrium of the heart.
How Does Blood move through the heart?
• Blood leaves the left side of the heart
and travels through arteries, which
gradually divide into capillaries.
• In the capillaries, food and oxygen are
released to the body cells, and carbon
dioxide and other waste products are
returned to the bloodstream.
• The blood then travels in veins back to
the right side of the heart, where it is
pumped directly to the lungs. In the
lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for
oxygen, and this renewed blood flows
back to the left side of the heart, and
the whole process begins again.
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvA
Vu-7E2gA
How does the Circulatory System affect other
body systems and how do other body systems
affect the Circulatory System?
• The circulatory system works closely with
other systems in our bodies. It supplies
oxygen and nutrients to our bodies by
working with the respiratory system. At the
same time, the circulatory system helps carry
waste and carbon dioxide out of the body.
• Your circulatory system interacts with other
body systems to keep you healthy.
• The respiratory system brings in air for
oxygen and sends out carbon dioxide to
enter and leave the body it has to go through
the circulatory system
-The digestive system brings in food and
turns it into nutrients> this makes wastes.
The Circulatory system helps get the
nutrients into cells and remove the wastes
The excretory system removes wastes and
balances the water in our blood . The
circulatory system helps it gets the wastes
out (urine) or recycles them (water).
Two Diseases of the Circulatory System
•
•
Atherosclerosis– Literally, “hardening of the fatty
stuff.” High fat diets can lead to formation of fatty
plaques lining blood vessels. These fatty areas can
become calcified and hard leading to arteriosclerosis,
hardening of the arteries. When blood vessels
become less stretchable, blood pressure rises and
can result in heart and kidney damage and strokes.
Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation– Blood flows
through four chambers in the heart separated by
one-way valves. A major valve is the one separating
the upper and lower chambers on the left side of the
heart. The left side is especially important because
freshly oxygenated blood returning from the lungs is
circulated out of the heart to the rest of the body.
The left valve, called atrioventricular, for the
chambers it separates, is also called the mitral valve,
because it is shaped like an upside down Bishop’s hat,
a miter. If the flaps of this valve tear away due to
disease, the process is called prolapse, “a falling
forward.” This results in leakage and backward flow
called “regurgitation”. Sometimes a valve is
abnormally narrow causing partial obstruction
constricting flow. Stenosis means “a narrowing.”
Effects of Outside Environmental Factors on the
Circulatory System
•
Exposures to drugs, chemical and biological
agents, therapeutic radiation, and other factors
before and after birth can lead to pediatric or adult
cardiovascular anomalies. Furthermore, nutritional
deficiencies in the perinatal period can cause
cardiovascular anomalies. These anomalies may
affect heart structure, the conduction system, the
myocardium, blood pressure, or cholesterol
metabolism.
•
When the outside temperature gets colder the
blood vessels increase the flow of warm blood to
the skin to keep you warm. This is the body's
natural heating system and why you are told to
dress in layers on a cold day. The layers of clothing
retain that heat. When the temperature warms up
the flow of warm blood to the skin is decreased.
This, along with sweating, is the body's natural
cooling system and the reason you told to dress
lightly on hot days. Dressing lightly allows the
excess heat to escape through the pores.
Fun Facts About the Circulatory System
• Red blood cells make approximately 250,000 round
trips of the body before returning to the bone
marrow, where they were born, to die
• Red blood cells may live for about four months
circulating throughout the body, feeding the 60
trillion other body cells.
Fun Facts continued
• The heart beats
around 3 billion
times in the
averages person’s
life
• About 8 million
blood cells die in
the human body
every second, and
the same number
are born each
second.
Even more fun facts
• Within a tiny
droplet of blood,
there are some 5
million red blood
cells.
• It takes about 20
seconds for a red
blood cell to circle
the whole body
Last slide about fun facts
• If you were to lay out all of the arteries,
capillaries and veins in one adult, endto-end, they would stretch about
60,000 miles (100,000 kilometers).
What's more, the capillaries, which are
the smallest of the blood vessels,
would make up about 80 percent of
this length. By comparison, the
circumference of the Earth is about
25,000 miles (40,000 km). That means
a person's blood vessels could wrap
around the planet approximately 2.5
times!
Websites
• https://www.dmu.edu/medterms/circulatory-system/circulatorysystem-diseases/
• http://www.factmonster.com
• http://www.livescience.com/22486-circulatory-system.html
• http://warriors.warren.k12.il.us/dburke/amazingfactscirculatory.htm
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15060200
• http://www.mcwdn.org/body/circulatory.html
• http://www.livescience.com/39925-circulatory-system-factssurprising.html