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Section 8-1 The Rock Cycle Hutton’s Big Idea • Uniformitarianism – Geologic process that occur today also occurred in the past • Example: erosion today also occurred the same way in the past Types of Rocks • There are three main groups of rocks – Igneous • Caused by volcanic activity – Granite, obsidian, pumice – Has crystals, looks like glass, or has holes – Sedimentary • When sediments (small particles of rock) get cemented or pressed together – Only type of rock to contain fossils – Sandstone, limestone – Can see particles or fossils – Metamorphic • Rock formed by intense heat, pressure, and chemical changes – Serpentine, marble – Green, striations (lines) The Rock Cycle • Rocks are “recycled” from one type of rock to another due to forces on earth – Volcanic Activity • Molten rock (magma and lava) cool above or below earth’s surface – Erosion • Weathering causes rock to wear down – Deposition • Particles are transported by water and settle – Heat and Pressure • The deeper rock is, the higher the pressure and heat. This changes the chemistry of the rock – Melting • Heat melts rock into lava and magma
