Download APUSH Unit 5 Test Answer Section

APUSH Unit 5 Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter when it
6. All of the following were similar characteristics
was learned that
that both Union and Confederate soldiers shared
a. Lincoln had ordered the fort reinforced with
except
federal troops.
a. most soldiers had been farmers or farm
b. Lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort.
laborers.
c. the fort's commander was planning to evacuate
b. poor unskilled workers were well represented
his troops secretly from the fort.
among both armies.
d. Lincoln had called for seventy-five thousand
c. most troops were native born.
militia troops to form a voluntary Union army.
d. almost half were under the age of 22.
e. southern support for secession was weakening.
e. both shared a common commitment to
patriotism.
2. In order to persuade the Border States to remain in
the Union, President Lincoln
7. The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil
a. relied solely on moral appeal.
War was its
b. used only totally legal methods.
a. military leadership.
c. guaranteed that they could keep slavery
b. navy.
permanently.
c. slave population.
d. never had to use troops.
d. economy.
e. used legally dubious methods.
e. political system.
3. Lincoln's declaration that the North sought to
8. One reason that the British did not try to break the
preserve the Union with or without slavery
Union blockade of the South during the Civil War
a. came as a disappointment to most Northerners
was that
and demoralized the Union.
a. they feared losing Northern grain shipments.
b. revealed the influence of the Border States on
b. they did not want to fight against the superior
his policies.
American navy.
c. caused some seceded states to rejoin the Union.
c. the British upper class had supported the North
d. contradicted the campaign promises of the
from the onset of hostilities.
Republican party.
d. the war caused no economic problems for
e. cost him support in the Butternut region of
Britain.
Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.
e. the South resented British interference.
4. During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized
9. The South believed that the British would come to
Tribes in the Indian Territory of present-day
its aid because
Oklahoma
a. the people in Britain would demand such
a. supported the Confederacy.
action.
b. supported the Union.
b. British Canada was strongly hostile to the
c. remained neutral.
Union.
d. gave up their slaves.
c. Britain still had slavery in its empire.
e. sought admission as a Confederate state.
d. the government had refused to allow Uncle
Tom's Cabin to be sold in the empire.
5. As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have
e.
Britain was dependent on Southern cotton.
the advantage of
a. greater ability to wage offensive warfare.
10. During the Civil War, Britain and the United States
b. more talented military leaders.
were nearly provoked into war by
c. superior industrial capabilities.
a. the incompetence of Charles Francis Adams,
d. superior transportation facilities.
the United States ambassador to London.
e. a more united public opinion.
b. Britain's refusal to observe the Union's
blockade of Southern ports.
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c. the Trent affair, involving the removal of
Southern diplomats from a British ship.
d. Napoleon III's effort to place Maximilian on the
Mexican throne.
e. British working-class support for the South.
Confederate commerce-raiders such as the Alabama
a. were of little value.
b. proved effective against Union shipping.
c. were supplied by the French.
d. lasted less than a year.
e. operated mostly off the Atlantic coast.
France abandoned its attempt to control Mexico
a. because the effort proved to be unprofitable.
b. when the British pressured them to leave.
c. when the American Civil War began.
d. because the Mexicans declared independence.
e. when the United States threatened to force
France to leave.
The Southern cause was weakened by
a. the concept of states' rights that the
Confederacy professed.
b. a president, Jefferson Davis, who catered to
public opinion and did not work hard at his job.
c. the failure of the Southern people to commit to
the ideal of Southern independence.
d. a lack of sound military leadership.
e. the constant threat of slave rebellion.
The problems that Abraham Lincoln experienced as
president were less prostrating than those
experienced by Jefferson Davis partly because the
North
a. had a long-established and fully recognized
government.
b. had strong political support from Britain and
France.
c. held firm to states' rights principles.
d. was united in the cause of abolitionism.
e. had fewer internal political divisions.
To fill the army's demand for troops, prior to 1863,
the North relied mainly on
a. the draft.
b. bounty brokers.
c. substitute brokers.
d. volunteers.
e. foreign mercenaries.
In Lincoln's attempts to preserve the Union, he did
all of the following questionable actions as
president except
a. proclaimed a blockade of the Southern ports.
b. increased the size of the federal army.
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c. suspended the writ of habeas corpus.
d. advanced federal funds to private citizens
without authorization.
e. refused to implement a draft, or conscription
law, during the war.
During the Civil War, the Union
a. launched a new national banking system.
b. lowered tariff rates.
c. imposed a 10 percent levy on farm produce.
d. experienced runaway inflation.
e. was plagued by unstable banks.
As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy
a. became more dependent on international trade.
b. saw industrial profits improve but agricultural
profits fall.
c. was notable for its honest and fair business
practices.
d. experienced considerable unemployment
despite military manpower demands.
e. greatly expanded its industrial and
technological productivity.
At the beginning of the Civil War, President
Abraham Lincoln favored
a. postponing military action as long as possible.
b. making the Civil War about ending slavery.
c. long-term enlistments for Union soldiers.
d. quick military action to show the folly of
secession.
e. seizing control of the Ohio and Mississippi
Rivers.
Arrange the following in chronological order: (A)
the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg,
(C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and (D) the
Battle of Antietam.
a. B, C, A, D
b. D, B, C, A
c. C, A, D, B
d. A, B, D, C
e. A, D, B, C
The Union's defeat in battle at Bull Run in 1861
was better than a victory because
a. Ulysses S. Grant took command of the army
immediately after the setback.
b. the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the
reality of a long, difficult war.
c. "Stonewall" Jackson was killed.
d. it caused Lincoln to declare a war against
slavery.
e. it allowed European powers the chance to
intervene on behalf of the South.
22. After the Peninsula Campaign, Union strategy
included all of the following except
a. cutting the Confederacy in half by seizing the
Mississippi River.
b. marching through Georgia and then the
Carolinas.
c. blockading the Confederacy's coastline.
d. liberating the slaves to undermine the southern
economy.
e. striking deep into the Confederacy via the
Appalachian Mountain chain.
23. The final Union war strategy included all the
following components except
a. guerrilla warfare.
b. a naval blockade.
c. undermining the Confederate economy.
d. seizing control of the Mississippi River.
e. capturing Richmond.
24. The most serious Confederate threat to the Union
blockade came from
a. British navy vessels on loan to the South.
b. swift blockade-running steamers.
c. the threat of mutiny from pro-southern sailors.
d. the Confederate cruiser Alabama.
e. the ironclad Merrimack (renamed the Virginia).
25. In invading Maryland, one of Lee's key objectives
was to
a. show northerners how polished and
well-equipped the Confederate army was.
b. capture or destroy Union arsenals and railroad
lines.
c. destroy McClellan's army.
d. capture Lincoln and his Cabinet.
e. inspire the Border States to rise up and join the
Confederacy.
26. A victory at Antietam probably would have won
Confederate independence because
a. the Union armies were already heavily
demoralized.
b. France and Britain were on the verge of
recognizing the Confederate government.
c. the Republicans would have lost the subsequent
congressional elections.
d. Lincoln would have been unable to issue the
Emancipation Proclamation.
e. the Border States would have joined the
Confederacy.
27. The North's victory at Antietam allowed President
Lincoln to
a. issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
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b. seek military assistance from Great Britain.
c. force the Border States to remain in the Union.
d. keep General McClellan as commander of the
Union forces.
e. suppress Copperhead opposition in the North.
Slavery was legally abolished in the United States
by the
a. Union victory over the Confederates at
Gettysburg.
b. surrender terms of Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S.
Grant at Appomattox.
c. Emancipation Proclamation.
d. statutes of the individual states.
e. Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.
The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of
a. reducing desertions from the Union army.
b. strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic
position of the Union.
c. increasing popular support for the Republicans
in the 1864 election.
d. quieting public opposition to Lincoln's war
policies.
e. weakening Confederate morale.
When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation
Proclamation declared free only those slaves in
a. the Border States.
b. slave states that remained loyal to the Union.
c. United States territories.
d. states still in rebellion against the United States.
e. areas controlled by the Union army.
During the Civil War
a. blacks were enlisted by the Union army only
after the Emancipation Proclamation was
issued.
b. Southern armies found no way of utilizing
slave labor.
c. thousands of slaves rose in armed rebellion
behind Southern lines.
d. about one out of every four Union troops was
black.
e. captured black soldiers were treated well by
Confederates.
African Americans who fought for the Union Army
in the Civil War
a. carried out reprisals against captured
slaveowners.
b. served mainly in military support units.
c. served bravely and suffered extremely heavy
casualties.
d. accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union
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enlistments.
e. refused to serve under white officers.
The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because
a. Lee's army was effectively shattered.
b. it guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864.
c. Philadelphia and New York were safe from
attack.
d. Lee's military genius and right-hand man,
Stonewall Jackson, was killed.
e. Union victory meant that the Southern cause
was doomed.
The Union victory at Vicksburg was of major
importance for all of the following reasons except
a. it reopened the Mississippi River to Northern
trade.
b. coupled with the victory at Gettysburg, foreign
help for the Confederacy was irretrievably lost.
c. it helped to quell Northern peace agitation.
d. it cut off the supply of cattle and other goods
from Texas and Louisiana.
e. it was the last major battle of the Civil War.
As a theorist of warfare, General William T.
Sherman was
a. a master of the quick, surprising attack.
b. careful to avoid "collateral damage" to civilian
lives and property.
c. a believer in siege warfare.
d. insistent on maintaining strict military
discipline among his troops.
e. a pioneer of the strategy of total warfare aimed
at destroying civilian morale.
The group in the North most dangerous to the
Union cause was the
a. Northern Peace Democrats.
b. Radical Republicans.
c. Northern War Democrats.
d. Union Party.
e. African Americans.
General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the
Civil War involved
a. using long-range artillery assaults.
b. striking tactically from the flanks.
c. assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously
and directly.
d. destroying the enemy's economy and
undermining civilian morale.
e. surrounding enemy armies for a long siege.
The Civil War resulted in all of the following
except
a. expanded federal powers of taxation.
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b. the end of nullification and secession.
c. the creation of the first federal social welfare
agency.
d. the end of slavery.
e. the end of protective tariffs and isolationism.
In the postwar South
a. the economy and social structure was utterly
devastated.
b. the emancipation of slaves had surprisingly
little economic consequence.
c. the much-feared inflation never materialized.
d. industry and transportation were damaged, but
Southern agriculture continued to flourish.
e. poorer whites benefited from the end of
plantation slavery.
At the end of the Civil War, many white
Southerners
a. reluctantly supported the federal government.
b. were ready to plan a future uprising against the
United States.
c. declared themselves citizens of their states but
not of the United States.
d. asked for pardons so that they could once again
hold political office and vote.
e. still believed that their view of secession was
correct and their cause was just.
From 1878 to 1880, some twenty-five thousand
blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi were
known as the Exodusters; they were
a. black church leaders who linked emancipation
to the Book of Exodus.
b. black migrants from the South to Northern
cities.
c. black freedman who left the South to seek
opportunity in Kansas.
d. a political organization developed by the
freedmen.
e. black homesteaders in Oklahoma and Kansas
who eventually fled the dust bowl.
In President Andrew Johnson's view, the
Freedmen's Bureau was
a. a flawed but necessary agency.
b. acceptable only because it also helped poor
whites.
c. a tolerable compromise with the radical
Congress.
d. a potential source of Republican patronage
jobs.
e. a meddlesome agency that should be killed.
43. Andrew Johnson had been put on Lincoln's ticket as
vice president in his second term
a. because Lincoln's first vice president, Hannibal
Hamlin, had displayed southern sympathies.
b. to appeal to War Democrats and pro-Union
southerners.
c. as a safe choice in case Lincoln died in office.
d. as a poor white who balanced Lincoln's
aristocratic background.
e. to appeal to Union soldiers and radical
Republicans.
44. In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President
Lincoln promised
a. rapid readmission of Southern states into the
Union.
b. former slaves the right to vote.
c. the restoration of the planter aristocracy to
political power.
d. severe punishment of Southern political and
military leaders.
e. a plan to allow 10 percent of blacks to vote.
45. ____ believed that the Southern states had
completely left the Union and were therefore,
"conquered provinces" that had to seek readmission
on whatever terms Congress demanded.
a. War Democrats
b. The Supreme Court
c. President Lincoln
d. President Johnson
e. Congressional Republicans
46. President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction
a. differed radically from Lincoln's.
b. guaranteed former slaves the right to vote.
c. required that all former Confederate states
ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
d. established literacy tests for voting in the
South.
e. aimed at swift restoration of the southern states
after a few basic conditions were met.
47. The Black Codes provided for all of the following
except
a. a ban on jury service by blacks.
b. a restriction against black migration from the
South.
c. a bar on blacks from renting land.
d. punishment of blacks for idleness.
e. fines for blacks who jumped labor contracts.
48. The incident that caused the clash between
Congress and President Johnson to explode into the
open was
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
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passage of the Thirteenth Amendment.
the creation of the sharecropping system.
the attempt to pass the Fourteenth Amendment.
the South's regaining control of the Senate.
Johnson's veto of the bill to extend the
Freedmen's Bureau.
The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed
a. citizenship and civil rights to freed slaves.
b. land for former slaves.
c. voting rights for former Confederates who had
previously served in the U.S. Army.
d. freed slaves the right to vote.
e. education to former slaves.
Both moderate and radical Republicans agreed that
a. federal power must be used to bring about a
social and economic revolution in the South.
b. blacks should be the foundation of the southern
Republican party.
c. the federal government must become involved
in the individual lives of American citizens.
d. Southern states should quickly be readmitted
into the Union.
e. freed slaves must be granted the right to vote.
Radical congressional Reconstruction of the South
finally ended when
a. the South accepted the Thirteenth, Fourteenth,
and Fifteenth Amendments.
b. the last federal troops were removed in 1877.
c. President Johnson was not reelected in 1868.
d. the Supreme Court ruled in Ex parte Milligan
that military tribunals could not try civilians.
e. blacks showed they could defend their rights
without federal intervention.
Radical Reconstruction state governments
a. did little of value.
b. passed much desirable legislation and badly
needed reforms.
c. were more corrupt than Northern state
governments.
d. had all of their reforms repealed by the
all-white "redeemer governments."
e. failed to address the issue of education.
The goals of the Ku Klux Klan included all of the
following except
a. "keep blacks in their place"; that is, subservient
to whites.
b. prevent blacks from voting.
c. keep white "carpetbaggers" from voting.
d. support the Force Acts of 1870 and 1871.
e. end radical Reconstruction.
54. In 1867, Secretary of State Seward achieved the
Johnson administration's greatest success in foreign
relations when he
a. commissioned the building of an all-new
ironclad navy.
b. recognized the independent republic of Hawaii.
c. purchased Alaska from Russia.
d. acquired the former Dominican Republic as an
American territory.
e. established friendly relations with the newly
independent Dominion of Canada.
55. All of the following were reasons the Senate voted
to acquit President Andrew Johnson except
a. opposition to abusing the constitutional system
of checks and balances.
b. concern about the person who would become
president.
c. fears of creating a destabilizing period.
d. Johnson promised to step down as president.
e. Johnson's promise to stop obstructing
Republican policies.
APUSH Unit 5 Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
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5.
6.
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8.
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17.
18.
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21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
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41.
B
E
B
A
B
B
D
A
E
C
B
E
A
A
D
E
A
E
D
E
B
E
A
E
E
B
A
E
B
D
A
C
E
E
E
A
C
E
A
E
C
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
E
B
A
E
E
B
E
A
E
B
B
D
C
D