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Ch 15 test review ____ ____ 1. Work is a transfer of energy 2. What is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance? energy ____ 3. The energy of motion is called kinetic energy ____ 4. A small 20-kilogram canoe is floating downriver at a speed of 4 m/s. What is the canoe’s kinetic energy? 160 J A 13-kg sled is moving at a speed of 8.0 m/s. At which of the following speeds will the sled have twice as much kinetic energy? 416 J so double is 832 velocity is 11.3 using 832 as KE ____ 6. An object’s gravitational potential energy is directly related to?mgh or height and mass 5 ____ 7. What is something with elastic potential energy? Rubber band, spring, ball hits ground ____ 8. Why is the gravitational potential energy of an object 1 meter above the moon’s surface less than its potential energy 1 meter above Earth’s surface? Less gravity ____ 9. A 4-kilogram cat is resting on top of a bookshelf that is 8 meters high. What is the cat’s gravitational potential energy relative to the floor if the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s 2? 313.6 J ____ 10. What increases when an object becomes warmer? Thermal energy ____ 11. The energy stored in gasoline is chemical potential energy ____ 12. The total potential and kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object make up its thermal energy ____ 13. Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy? chemical ____ 14. Nuclear power plants are designed to convert nuclear energy into what type of energy? thermal ____ 15. Solar cells convert what type of energy into electrical energy?electromagnetic ____ 16. What is the law of conservation of energy? Energy can’t be created or destroyed ____ 17. The mechanical energy of an object equals its PE plus KE ____ 18. The kinetic energy of the pendulum bob increases the most between top and bottom of it’s swing ____ 19. The equation E = mc2 relates energy and mass ____ 20. In what does Einstein’s famous equation apply? Anything with mass has energy ____ 21. What is a consequence of the equation E = mc2? Energy and mass are simply related and hold true for law of conservation of energy ____ 22. ____ What is biomass energy? Chemical energy stored in living things ____ 23. Nonrenewable energy resources do not include which of the following? Solar, hydroelectric, geothermal are all renewable, nonrenewable are coal oil, nat gas, nuclear 24. A drawback of solar energy is that it depends on the climate or weather ____ 25. A benefit of a hydrogen fuel cell is that its byproduct is oxygen ____ 26. What types of transportation are mass transportation? Everything but riding in a car ____ 27. Wat are some ways to conserve energy? Turn off lights, water, use energy saving bulbs , Problem 28. What is the kinetic energy of a 61.0-kg sky diver falling at a terminal velocity of 23.0 m/s? Show your work. KE=1/2mv2 29. In a nuclear reaction, an amount of matter having a mass of 5.0 10–12 kg is converted into energy, which is released. How much energy is released? (The speed of light is 3.0 108 m/s.) Show your work. 225,000 J E = mc2 Essay 30. Compare and contrast biomass energy with the energy from fossil fuels.