Download Ch 15 test review

Ch 15 test review
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1.
Work is a transfer of energy
2. What is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance? energy
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The energy of motion is called kinetic energy
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A small 20-kilogram canoe is floating downriver at a speed of 4 m/s. What is the canoe’s
kinetic energy? 160 J
A 13-kg sled is moving at a speed of 8.0 m/s. At which of the following speeds will the sled have
twice as much kinetic energy? 416 J so double is 832 velocity is 11.3 using 832 as KE
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An object’s gravitational potential energy is directly related to?mgh or height and mass
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7.
What is something with elastic potential energy? Rubber band, spring, ball hits ground
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Why is the gravitational potential energy of an object 1 meter above the moon’s surface less
than its potential energy 1 meter above Earth’s surface? Less gravity
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A 4-kilogram cat is resting on top of a bookshelf that is 8 meters high. What is the cat’s
gravitational potential energy relative to the floor if the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s 2? 313.6 J
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10.
What increases when an object becomes warmer? Thermal energy
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11.
The energy stored in gasoline is chemical potential energy
____ 12. The total potential and kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object make up its thermal energy
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Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy? chemical
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14.
Nuclear power plants are designed to convert nuclear energy into what type of
energy? thermal
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15.
Solar cells convert what type of energy into electrical energy?electromagnetic
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16.
What is the law of conservation of energy? Energy can’t be created or destroyed
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17.
The mechanical energy of an object equals its PE plus KE
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18.
The kinetic energy of the pendulum bob increases the most between top and bottom
of it’s swing
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19.
The equation E = mc2 relates energy and mass
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20.
In what does Einstein’s famous equation apply? Anything with mass has energy
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21.
What is a consequence of the equation E = mc2? Energy and mass are simply related and
hold true for law of conservation of energy
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22.
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What is biomass energy? Chemical energy stored in living things
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23.
Nonrenewable energy resources do not include which of the following? Solar, hydroelectric,
geothermal are all renewable, nonrenewable are coal oil, nat gas, nuclear
24.
A drawback of solar energy is that it depends on the climate or weather
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25.
A benefit of a hydrogen fuel cell is that its byproduct is oxygen
____ 26. What types of transportation are mass transportation? Everything but riding in a car
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Wat are some ways to conserve energy? Turn off lights, water, use energy saving bulbs ,
Problem
28. What is the kinetic energy of a 61.0-kg sky diver falling at a terminal velocity of 23.0 m/s? Show your work.
KE=1/2mv2
29. In a nuclear reaction, an amount of matter having a mass of 5.0  10–12 kg is converted into energy, which is
released. How much energy is released? (The speed of light is 3.0  108 m/s.) Show your work. 225,000 J
E = mc2
Essay
30. Compare and contrast biomass energy with the energy from fossil fuels.