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Density and layers of the Earth Promethean Warm Up September 9 Density and layers of the Earth Promethean Draw an illustration of 3 objects with different densities in an aquarium filled with water. 2. Label the most dense object and the least dense object. 3. Describe the densities of the objects below (use the terms density, atoms, mass, and volume in your explanation). 1. Essential Question: -What layers of the earth include the asthenosphere and how does it affect the lithosphere? Objective: 8.E.2.1 -TSW understand how the Earth is made up of several layers. 1. Compare Earth’s layers to a hard boiled egg. Draw an illustration and label where the core, mantle and crust would be located. Do not write these questions. 2. How are the layers of an egg different from the layers of the Earth? 3. How are the layers of the Earth similar to the layers of an egg? Essential Question: What are the layers of the Earth? How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? Objectives: TSWU how the Earth is made of different layers. TSWU how tectonic forces are influenced by the asthenosphere. 1. Describe the following layers: -Lithosphere -Asthenosphere 2. Include descriptions and pictures. Essential Question: What are the layers of the Earth? How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? Objectives: TSWU how the Earth is made of different layers. TSWU how tectonic forces are influenced by the asthenosphere. Warm Up 1. 2. 3. September 10, 2015 How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? What is a plate tectonic? What are three ways in which plate tectonics can move? Essential Question: -How does the movement of plate tectonics affect the Earth’s surface? Objectives: 8.E.2.1 / 2.2 -TSW explore plate boundaries to understand how plate tectonic movement affects Earth’s surface. Warm Up September 11, 2015 1. The Lithosphere is part of which two layers? 2. What are three evidences that the Earth’s tectonic plates are moving? 3. Identify the types of plate tectonic boundaries: a) crust is created b) crust is destroyed c) crust is neither created or destroyed Objectives: 8.E.2.0 -TSWBAT identify several evidences to support the theory of continental drift. Essential Question: -What evidence did Alfred Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift? Warm Up September 14 What is uniformitarianism ? 2. How is a sponge floating on boiling water similar to the lithosphere and asthenosphere. 1. Objectives: 8.E.2.0 -TSW examine clues to Earth’s past to determine how the continents looked 220 million years ago. -TSW understand the theory of plate tectonics. Essential Question: -What evidence did Alfred Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift? Density of Water Compared to other Things Objective TSW explore different types of plate boundaries by completing the snack tectonics lab. TSW understand how plate movement affects the Earth and its residence. What are plates? How do plates interact? What is the Earth made of? How did the Earth form? Estimated Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago Big Bang- materials collide Impact, gravity, radioactive decay produce extreme heat Density- float or sink? *How did the other planets form? What is Earth made of? Inner core- ball of hot solid metal Dense solid metals such as nickel and iron Solid do to the immense pressure!! 7000-8000°C 2400km thick (dia.) Outer Core Made of liquid metal Mostly dense liquid metals such as nickel and iron Temp. and press. lower than inner core 4400-6100°C 2300km thick Mantle Thickest layer (2900 km) Hot rock (less dense than core) Made up of silicon, iron, magnesium, aluminum, oxygen, and other minerals. 870-4400°C Upper part is cool and rigid, lower part is like paste Crust Thin layer of cool rock Mostly made up of silicon and aluminum but also has other minerals like nickel and iron. 6-70km thick Oceanic and Continental Lithosphere and Asthenosphere litho- “stone or rock” asthenes- “weak” (soft) Lithosphere* - A rigid layer of cooler rock in the crust and upper mantle Asthenosphere* - A layer of hotter, softer rock in the upper mantle. Video Discovery Education “Elements of Earth Science: The Planet Earth” Notebook Page 9 Continental Drift Continental Drift Late 1800’s Alfred Wegner proposed the idea of continental drift (What is drift? Cars) Evidence? Pangaea Fossils- same reptile found in South America and western Africa Climate- tropical plant fossils found in Greenland Geology- same rock types found on different continents Sea-floor spreading 3 Evidences of Continental Drift from the Sea floor. 1. 2. 3. Scientists can determine that the sea floor is spreading at the spreading center (divergent boundaries in the ocean) Age of the sea floor is younger near a mid ocean ridge and older near a trench. Scientists have found that rock is being destroyed at ocean trenches (subduction zones). Discussion point: If the sea floor has been spreading for millions of years, why is the Earth not getting any larger? Plate Tectonics Activity COMPARE & CONTRAST THE EARTH’S LITHOSPHERE with ASTHENOSPHERE 1. EXPLAIN HOW CONVECTION WORKS 2. HOW DOES the TEMPERATURE IN the EARTH help create CONTINTENTAL DRIFT? 3. What does DENSITY have to do with EARTH’s inner LAYERS? Draw Earth’s layers (litho, mantle astheno, LIST FOUR (4) PIECES of inner & EVIDENCE that SUPPORT the theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT. outer core) 1. 2. 3. 4. EXPLAIN WEGENER’s EVIDENCE for HIS theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT! DESCRIBE EACH ONE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES Explain his theory!!! DRAW a pic of WEGENER Here Plate Tectonics Activity COMPARE & CONTRAST THE EARTH’S LITHOSPHERE with ASTHENOSPHERE 1. EXPLAIN HOW CONVECTION WORKS 2. HOW DOES the TEMPERATURE IN the EARTH help create CONTINTENTAL DRIFT? 3. What does DENSITY have to do with EARTH’s inner LAYERS? Draw Earth’s layers (litho, mantle astheno, LIST all 4 PIECES of inner & EVIDENCE that SUPPORT the theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT. outer core) 1. 2. Explain his theory of continental 3. drift!!! 4. EXPLAIN WEGENER’s EVIDENCE for HIS theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT! DESCRIBE EACH ONE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES Terminology Review Layers of Earth Tectonic plates Continental drift Pangaea Mid-ocean ridge Convection Magnetic Reversal 1.1-1.2 Can you see the individual tectonic plates? Recap - PLATES move 4 ways! DIVERGING PLATES PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually FROM THE MIDDLE OCEAN RIDGES. CONVERGING PLATES CONTINENTAL to CONTINENTAL (land to land)CRUSTS COLLIDE: MOUNTAINS!!!!!!! MAGNETIC REVERSALS! TRANSFORM plates OCEAN into CONTINENTAL CRUSTS COLLIDE: Rubbing AGAINST each other SUBDUCTING PLATES EARTHQUAKES! VOLCANOES!!! Can you identify a divergent boundary? Can you identify a convergent boundary? Do you see where a transform boundary is located? OCEAN & CONTINENTAL PLATES COLLIDE The “ring of fire” is the Pacific plate pushing under other continents crusts (SUBDUCTION ZONES) JUST LOOK AT ALL THE VOLCANOES! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Wegener’s Pangaea Puzzle Label each land mass (look on whiteboard) Color code your puzzle pieces using the key Cut out puzzle pieces Glue your Pangaea puzzle on your construction paper (check your work first) Finish the crossword puzzle Answer the essay question and attach it to your work: Write a ½ - 1 page argumentative essay on whether the evidence provided by Alfred Wegener was compelling and conclusive enough for scientific acceptance of the Theory of Continental Drift. *****Be thorough and provide examples**** Pangaea Reflection 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is Alfred Wegner’s theory? List all of the evidences that Wegner collected to support his theory. Provide at least three (but there are more). Which evidence did Wegner not use to support his theory? Why? How did you piece together the map? Why did you make the decision to put certain land masses together? According to the data, the land masses must have moved. How long do you think this took? What does this say about the future of our tectonic plates? Objective TSW complete the plate tectonics post quiz and prepare for the chapter 1 assessment. TSW watch Bill Nye’s Greatest Discoveries “Magnetic Reversal” to understand the evidence that supports the idea of polar shift. Warm Up September 16 Name two pieces of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics. 2. The lithosphere is made up of which 2 Earth layers? 1. Warm Up September 20 1. What are hot spots? 2. How are hot spots used to track plate movement? Objective 1. TSW complete chapter 1 A “Plate Tectonics” assessment. 2. TSW complete chapter 2B visual Vocabulary assignment.