Download Endocrine Test - The Science of Payne

Endocrine Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The thyroid hormone that decreases blood calcium concentration is
a.
calcitonin.
c.
triiodothyronine.
b.
none of the choices are correct
d.
thyroxine.
2. Cortisol acts to
a.
stimulate the production of glucose from noncarbohydrates.
b.
increase the permeability of capillary walls.
c.
increase the permeability of lysosomal membranes.
d.
promote the storage of amino acids in the form of proteins.
3. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by
a.
a disorder of the immune system.
c.
an effect of aging.
b.
excess sugar in the diet.
d.
obesity.
4. The secretion of hormones from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is largely controlled by
a.
nerve impulses from the hypothalamus.
b.
releasing hormones from the hypothalamus.
c.
nerve impulses from the thalamus.
d.
releasing factors from the thalamus.
5. Hyposecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex leads to
a.
moon face.
c.
Addison's disease.
b.
buffalo hump.
d.
Cushing's syndrome.
6. Which of the following is secreted by nerve fibers in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
a.
thyroid-stimulating hormone
c.
adrenocorticotropic hormone
b.
growth hormone
d.
antidiuretic hormone
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7. Which of the following hormones exerts its effect primarily upon the reproductive organs?
a.
follicle-stimulating hormone
c.
thyrotropin
b.
prolactin releasing factor
d.
adrenocorticotropic hormone
8. Growth hormone
a.
All of the choices are correct.
b.
promotes the movement of amino acids into cells.
c.
increases the rate of cell division.
d.
increases the rate of fat metabolism.
9. A person who is experiencing the effects of stress usually has an increased
a.
activity of the spleen and other lymphatic organs.
b.
number of lymphocytes in the blood.
c.
resistance to infections.
d.
blood pressure.
____ 10. Parathyroid hormone functions to stimulate activity in
a.
follicular cells.
c.
osteoblasts.
b.
fibroblasts.
d.
osteoclasts.
____ 11. An example of a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla is
a.
aldosterone.
c.
None of the choices are correct.
b.
glucocorticoid.
d.
mineralocorticoid.
____ 12. Hormone concentrations are regulated by
a.
positive feedback mechanisms.
c.
nerve control.
b.
negative feedback mechanisms.
d.
all of the choices are correct.
____ 13. The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the
a.
concentration of blood calcium.
c.
thyroid gland.
b.
hypothalamus.
d.
pituitary gland.
____ 14. The condition called cretinism is caused by
a.
hyperparathyroidism.
c.
hypothyroidism.
b.
hyperthyroidism.
d.
hypoparathyroidism.
____ 15. Thyroxine functions to
a.
inhibit the rate at which calcium enters body fluids.
b.
reduce the rate at which carbohydrates are utilized.
c.
inhibit activities within the nervous system.
d.
increase the rate at which proteins are synthesized.
____ 16. Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to
a.
conserve sodium and excrete potassium.
b.
excrete sodium and conserve potassium.
c.
conserve sodium and potassium.
d.
excrete sodium and potassium.
____ 17. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by
a.
all of the choices are correct.
c.
excessive urine production.
b.
dehydration.
d.
glucose in the urine.
____ 18. Steroid hormones produce their effects by
a.
activating the formation of adenylate cyclase.
b.
activating the action of genes.
c.
combining with receptors located on the surface of cell membranes.
d.
causing cyclic AMP to be produced.
____ 19. Insulin causes
a.
a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose.
b.
an increase in the production of glucose from glycogen.
c.
none of the choices are correct.
d.
a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose.
Short Answer
20. Releasing hormones are transmitted from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland by vessels
called _____________.
21. The ________ gland is a hormone-secreting structure located deep between the cerebral hemispheres
attached to the roof of the third ventricle.
22. Glands that release their secretion into ducts leading to a body surface are called _______________.
23. The central portion of the adrenal gland is the adrenal ____________.
24. A group of lipids called __________ have powerful, regulating effects on a variety of tissues.
25. The hormone that stimulates the release of growth hormone is called _______________.
Essay
26.
(Worth 25 points) Name the parts of a negative feedback loop, and draw a feedback flowchart for insulin.
Endocrine Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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SHORT ANSWER
20. ANS:
hypophyseal portal veins
PTS: 1
21. ANS:
pineal
PTS: 1
22. ANS:
exocrine glands
PTS: 1
23. ANS:
medulla
PTS: 1
24. ANS:
prostaglandins
1
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1
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1
1
1
PTS: 1
25. ANS:
growth hormone-releasing hormone
PTS: 1
ESSAY
26. ANS:
Sensor, set point, effector
PTS: 1