Download File - TEC English class Black

FIRST GRADE ENGLISH STUDY GUIDE
Miss Bertha Mijares
Black 2013-2014
Books:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Frankenstein
Christmas Carol
Casino Royale
Wizard of Oz
* You may review from the points of understanding from each book and from the quizzes.
Tenses:
1
Use your tense wheel to write the sentence structure of the following tenses.
Simple present:
Present progressive:
Simple past:
Past progressive:
When do we use each of these tenses? Use your tense wheel to answer.
Simple present:
Present progressive:
Simple past:
Past progressive:
Complete with Simple Present.
1) We sometimes
shops. (look)
around the
2) David usually
telephone. (speak)
French on the
(freeze)
6) Ally
7) I
3) Stan
Pat and Steve
popular. (gather) (be)
rather
in the Pacific Ocean. (be)
5) Water
when it
travelling. (enjoy)
8) My aunt often
9) She
4) Hawaii
his handwriting. (can/not/read)
10) They
queues. (jump)
to lose weight. (try)
a nice garden. (have)
. (expand)
Form present progressive questions.
1) your parents / to wait up for you
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2) Pat / not to come / with us
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3) what / we / to do / to find / the stolen bike
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4) I / to drink / you / a glass of water
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5) how / you / to feel
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6) why / not to clean / you / your shoes
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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FUTURE TENSE
WILL / WON´T
We use it to say what we hope or predict for the future.
I’ll be an engineer.
We use it for offers, promises, and decisions made at the time of speaking:
I´ll help you study.
SHALL I
To make offers.
Shall I pick you up from school?
PRESENT PERFECT
GOING TO + infinitive
Future plans and intentions.
I´m going to join a soccer team.
Predict the future; something that can possibly
happen.
The bimester is almost over. We are going to have
tests
 HAVE/ HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE
PRESENT PERFECT
COMBINATIONS
JUST
WHEN DO WE USE THEM?
YET
ALREADY
EVER
NEVER
FOR
SINCE
Complete with the Present Perfect Tense.
1) Karen
me an e-mail. (tosend)
2) Dave and Pat
3) I
the museum. (tovisit)
at the pet shop. (to be)
4) They
already
5) Marcus
6) We
7) I
8) Emily
their rucksacks. (to pack)
an accident. (to have)
the shopping for our grandmother. (to do)
just
my bike. (to clean)
her room. (to paint)
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9) Lisa and Colin
to a concert. (togo)
10) My friends
smoking. (to give up)
Complete with simple present or present progressive.
1) John
football at the moment. (play)
2) We often
tests at our school. (write)
3) I
to my teacher now. (talk)
4) Look! Mandy and Susan
a film on TV. (watch)
5) Olivia
her uncle every weekend. (visit)
6) Now the sun
. (shine)
7) They sometimes
poems in the lessons. (read)
8) Listen! The band
the new guitar. (test)
9) First I
, then I dress. (wash)
10) Every morning my mother
up at 6 o'clock. (get)
Complete with simple past or past progressive.
1) While I
, the school bus
2) Cindy
her leg while she
3) He
4) My father
breakfast. (to listen) (to prepare)
at 70 km/h when a policeman
that the boy
6) My dad
the ladder while he
, we
8) Nick
sick while he
9) What
when you
10) She said that she
. (to break) (to snowboard)
to the radio while he
5) The girl
7) While we
. (to text) (to arrive)
him. (to drive) (to stop)
her. (to notice) (to watch)
the carport. (to fall off) (to paint)
crossword puzzles. (to wait) (to do)
in Texas. (to become) (to travel)
about 9/11? (to do) (to hear)
happy, so I
to her. (not/to feel) (to talk)
4
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Write the grammar rules.
COMPARATIVE
One syllable
adjectives
SUPERLATIVE
Long
adjectives
Complete using comparative and superlative adjectives.
1. My house is (big)
than yours.
2. This flower is (beautiful)
than that one.
3. This is the (interesting)
book I have ever read.
4. Non-smokers usually live (long)
5. Which is the (dangerous)
than smokers.
animal in the world?
6. A holiday by the sea is (good)
than a holiday in the mountains.
7. It is strange but often a coke is (expensive)
8. Who is the (rich)
woman on earth?
9. The weather this summer is even (bad)
10. He was the (clever)
than a beer.
than last summer.
thief of all.
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Active
The active voice is the "normal" voice. This is the voice that we use most of the time. You are probably already
familiar with the active voice. In the active voice, the object receives the action of the verb:
subject verb
Cats eat
object
fish.
Passive  In the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb:
subject verb object
Fish
are eaten
by cats.
Passive voice is formed by the VERB TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE. The verb to be in passive voice must take the
tense of the verb in active voice.
5
Complete the chart writing examples of active and passive voice in each of the tenses.
TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE
Simple present
Simple past
Simple future
Rewrite the sentences into Passive Voice.
John collects money. Anna opened the window. We did our homework. I will ask a question. He can cut out the picture. The sheep ate a lot. We do not clean our rooms. William will not repair the car. Did Sue draw this circle? Can you feed the dog?
Write an A if the sentence is in Active voice. Write a P if it is in Passive voice.
6
Write the tense in which these passive voice sentences have been written.
Houses will be built.
She is reading the newspaper now.
These cars are produced in Japan.
I am given a book.
German is spoken in Austria.
Lots of houses were destroyed by the earthquake in 1906.
This room was painted blue.
A letter was written to her some days ago.
The black bike will be repaired soon.
The bus driver was hurt yesterday.
Cricket is played in Australia.
CONDITIONALS
When talking about cause and effect.
 Open / zero conditional: If + simple present, simple future.
CAUSE
EFFECT
If I don´t feed the baby, he will cry.
If  cause

1st Conditional: If/Unless + simple present, simple future.
Used to talk about the possible future when discussing the consequences of actions or events.
Identify the conditional of each sentence.
1) If it rains, I'll wear a raincoat.
2) If we drink enough water, we aren’t thirsty.
3) When the children get older, they will to the party.
4) Harry will fly to Helsinki if he has more money.
5) If Mark does the washing up, his mother will have more time for him.
6) What would you do if you see a car crash?
7) We will have glass of hot chocolate if you bring some milk.
8) If I tell you, I will you keep the secret?
9) Ron will understand more if the teacher speaks clearly.
10) If Doris gets up earlier, she won’t be late for school.
Zero / Open
1. If you press that button, the light
2. It's easier to sleep if
3. The teacher gets angry if
(come) on.
(you / not / be) stressed.
(we / not / work) hard.
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4. If
(I / go) on a boat, I always feel sick.
5. His mother gets annoyed if
6. If
(he / be) late.
(I / not / know) a word, I look in my dictionary.
7. They play football if
(they / not / have) any homework.
8. If you freeze water,
(it / turn) to ice.
1st
If Tom
(not/sleep) his room, Victoria
If the boys
(not/to help) him with the muffins.
(not/to play) football, the girls
If you
(to eat) too much junk food, you
If I
anymore.
(not/to come) to the court.
(not/to lose) weight.
(not/to make) breakfast tomorrow morning, my girlfriend
If they
(not/to hurry), they
(not/to love) me
(not/to catch)the train.
GERUNDS
When a verb ends in -ing, it may be a gerund or a present progressive:
(It is important to understand that they are not the same)
When we use a verb in -ing form more like a noun, it is usually a gerund Fishing is fun.
When we use a verb in -ing form, it is usually a present progressive or adj: Anthony is fishing. / I saw an
interesting movie.
Gerunds can be used after certain prepositions.
Will call you after arriving at the office.
Please have a drink before leaving.
I am looking forward to meeting you.
Tara always dreams about going on holiday.
We can use gerunds after these verbs:
Avoid
Enjoy
Love
Go (+ activity)
Mind
I love being with you.
She enjoys swimming in the afternoons.
Hate
Risk
Can’t help
Can’t stand
Keep
stop
Like
I can't help falling in love with you.
I can't stand not seeing you.
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SOME / ANY
Use SOME and ANY with plural countable and uncountable nouns.
SOME: affirmative sentences and questions making
offers.
- Affirmative sentences
-
Negative sentences
There isn’t any apple juice (uncountable)
There’s some apple juice in the fridge.
(uncountable)
There aren’t any apples.
There are some apples in the fridge. (plural
countable)
-
ANY: negative sentences and neutral questions.
(plural countable)
-
Neutral questions
Is there any apple juice? (uncountable)
Questions making offers
Would you like some apple juice? (uncountable)
Are there any apples?
Would you like some apples? (plural countable)
(plural countable)
MODAL VERBS
Complete the following grammar rules using the verbs from the box.
Must
have to
had to
can
can´t
have to/ mustn´t
mustn´t/ can´t
could/may/might
don´t
To show that we are sure some thing is true:
For something that is allowed or permitted.
To show that we are sure something is untrue.
Lack of obligation.
When we think something is possibly true.
The past tense of must and have to is:
For obligation.
For prohibition.
On the back of this paper write a sentence with each of the verbs in the box from previous exercise.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS
A possessive pronoun is used instead of a noun:
Julie's car is red. Mine is blue.
A possessive adjective is usually used to describe a noun, and it comes before
it, like other adjectives:
My car is bigger than her car.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
I
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
YOU
HE
SHE
9
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
Hi Daniel,
name is John. This is
nine.
pet is a budgie.
are 450 boys and girls in
too.
friend Jason. He's 12.
sister is
name is Dickens. Jason and I go to the same school. There
school. Jason's form teacher is Mrs. Peterson. She has got a pet,
pet is a tortoise. Our form teacher is Mr. Smith. like
dogs. The dogs love to play in
pet?
Yours,
John
lessons. He has two
garden. Now I have a question for you. What's
Change the sentence from possessive adjectives to possessive pronouns OR from possessive pronouns to
possessive adjectives.
Are those her pants? _______________________________________________________________
That is my car. ___________________________________________________________________
The presents are theirs. ___________________________________________________________
That room will be yours. ___________________________________________________________
That is their house. _______________________________________________________________
OBJECT PRONOUNS -> Are used to replace the objects in a sentence (who or what receives the action).
Fill in the chart.
SUBJECT PRONOUNS
OBJECT PRONOUNS
10
Choose the option that completes the sentences.
1. ________ is my best friend.
6. The man does not like ________.
a) He
a) I
b) Him
2. I live with ________.
b) me
7. The children made ________ lunch.
a) she
a) we
b) her
3. ________ have three brothers.
b) us
8. Do ________ need to bring my jacket?
a) They
a) I
b) Them
4. Does ________ have a dog?
b) me
9. I do not love ________.
a) he
a) she
b) him
5. Are the pizzas for ________?
b) her
10. I am going to buy ________ an ice cream cone.
a) we
a) she
b) us
b) her
Fill in the spaces with the correct subject or object pronoun.
For example,
He knows Tom.  He knows him.
6. The children play in the park every day.
1. He lives with Jennifer.
He lives with
play in the park every day.
.
2. Thomas likes the movie.
7. He does not know Peter and Mike.
Thomas likes
He does not know
.
3. Jane and I are friends.
.
8. My mother and father like baseball.
are friends.
like baseball.
4. The computer is broken.
9. The teacher helped my friend and I.
is broken.
The teacher helped
5. He will talk to Jeff later today.
He will talk to
.
10. The hockey players have a game tonight.
later today.
have a game tonight.
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TOO MUCH / TOO MANY / NOT ENOUGH
• TOO MUCH  uncountable nouns
Don’t waste too much time.
• TOO MANY  plural countable nouns
There are too many tourists in town.
• (NOT) ENOUGH  before nouns and after adjectives and adverbs
There isn’t enough time.
We made enough food.
Is the audio loud enough?
Are we writing nicely enough?
1. I am not enjoying my job at the moment because I have____________________. (work)
2. I don't like the soup because there is____________________in it. (salt)
3. Her English is not good. She makes____________________. (mistakes)
4. We didn't go for a walk because it wasn't____________________. (warm)
5. I want to make some sandwiches. Have we got____________________? (bread)
6. Would you like some more sugar or is your coffee____________________? (sweet)
7. I didn't see her because there were____________________people at the party. (people)
8. We are 11 so there are____________________for a football team. (players)
9. I can't sleep because they are making too____________________next door. (noise)
10. Is that chair____________________or would you like to sit on the sofa? (comfortable)
INFINITIVE PURPOSE
• To say WHY we do something.
Examples:
Nick joined the band to become a better player.
Verb (action)
We baked a cake to celebrate her birthday.
infinitive (purpose)
Verb (action)
infinitive (purpose)
Circle the action in each sentence and underline the purpose.
1. We drove to the store to buy some food.
2. The whole class studied to pass the test.
3. Mom bought a sewing machine to fix my old clothes.
4. Thomas took a picture at the party to have a memory of that day.
5. She was practicing archery to become the competition winner.
6. Today we went to the pool to relax.
7. The dog was washed to smell nice.
8. We put the clothes out to dry.
It is important to check your notes, old tests, blog, and tense wheel. Everything seen in class during the
year may be on the test.
Remember that dedication and practice is the road to success.
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