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PROPERTIES OF SOLAR SYSTEM:
PLANETARY FACTS
By: Tiffany 6D
PLANET’S NAME
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Greek
mythology
name: Gaea.
Gaea was
known as the
mother of
mountains and
other land
formations.
Greek
mythology
name: Ares.
Ares was
known as the
god of war.
Greek mythology
name: Zeus. Zeus
was known as the
master of the
gods and goddess.
Greek
mythology
name: Cronus.
Cronus was the
most powerful
of all titans.
POSITION IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Earth
Mars
Earth is the
third planet
from the
sun. The
distance
from the sun
is around 93
million
miles/ 149,
597, 890 km
away.
Mars is the
fourth planet
from the
sun. The
distance
from the sun
is around
228 million
km away.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter is
the fifth
planet from
the sun. The
distance
from the sun
is around
778,369,000
km
Saturn is the
sixth planet
from the
sun. The
distance
form the sun
to Saturn is
around
1,427,034,00
0 km
ROTATION ON ITS AXIS
Earth
Mars
One day on
Earth is
around 23
hours, 56
minutes and
04.09053
seconds.
One day on
Mars is
about 23 and
a half Earth
days.
Jupiter Saturn
One day on
Jupiter is
around 9
hours and 55
minutes.
One day on
Saturn is
around 10
hours 40
minutes and
24s seconds
(Earth time)
SIZE
Earth
Mars
•Earth is the
biggest of the
inner/ terrestrial
planets (Mercury,
Venus, Earth and
Mars)
•But it is the fifth
biggest planet in
our solar system.
•Its diameter is
around 7,925
miles and its
circumference is
around 24, 901
miles.
• Earth’s mass is
around 5.97e24 kg
•Mars is the
second smallest
planet in our solar
system which
makes it the third
biggest of the
inner/ terrestrial
planets.
•Mars’ diameter is
around 6, 800
miles.
•Mars’ mass is
around 6.42e23 kg
Jupiter Saturn
•Jupiter is the
biggest planet in
our solar system.
•Its diameter is
around 142,984 km
•Jupiter’s mass is
around 1.90e27 kg
•Saturn is the
second biggest
planet in our solar
system.
•Its diameter is
around 142, 750
km.
•Saturn’s mass is
around 5.68e26 kg
GRAVITY
Earth
If you weight 40
kg, you will still
weight 40 kg on
Earth because
this is the planet
where you live.
Mars
Mar’s gravity is
around 38% of
Earth’s gravity.
So, if you weigh
40 kg on Earth,
then you would
weigh around15
kg on Mars.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter’s gravity
is around 245%
of Earth’s
gravity. So if you
weigh 40 kg on
Earth, then you
would weigh
around 94.5 kg
on Jupiter.
Saturn’s gravity
is around 108%
of Earth’s
gravity. So you
weigh 40 kg on
Earth then you
will weigh
around 42.5 kg
on Saturn.
ORBIT
Earth
Mars
It takes Earth
about 365 ¼
days to make
one orbit
around the sun.
Earth’s orbit is
an ellipse
shape.
It takes Mars
around 687
Earth days to
make one orbit
around the sun.
Mars’ orbit is
an ellipse
shape.
Jupiter Saturn
It takes Jupiter
around 11.86
Earth days to
make one orbit
around the sun.
Jupiter’s orbit
is an ellipse
shape.
It takes Saturn
around 29
Earth years for
Saturn to make
one orbit
around the sun.
Saturn’s orbit
is an ellipse
shape.
ATMOSPHERE
Earth
Mars
Earth’s
atmosphere is
mostly made out
of 77% nitrogen,
21% oxygen and
the rest is argon,
carbon dioxide
and water.
Mars’
atmosphere is.
95% carbon
dioxide, 3%
nitrogen, 1.6%
argon. There are
some times giant
dust storms that
get into the
whole
atmosphere
which causes it
to be pinkish.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter’s
atmosphere is
90% hydrogen,
10% helium.
There are 3
layers of
atmosphere on
Jupiter; 1st layer
is ammonia
(stinky stuff on
spray cleaners)
2nd layer is
ammonia and
sulphur (head of
a match) and the
third layer is
made out of
water vapor.
Saturn’s
atmosphere is
97% hydrogen,
3% helium, .05%
methane. There
are also many
sulphur in the
air which makes
the color yellow.
TEMPERATURE
Earth
Earth’s average
temperature is
around 7.2 C/ 45
F. But different
places around
the world has
different
temperature.
0
0
Mars
Mars’ surface
temperature
ranges from -87
to -5 °C.
Compared to
Earth, this
temperature is
very cold.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter’s
temperature is
around 14.85 19.85 C.
Compared to
Earth, this
temperature is a
bit cold but not
as cold as Mars.
Saturn’s surface
temperature is
around -175C.
But as it get
closer to the core,
it gets hotter the
temperature can
be up to 11,700
C.
COMPOSITION OF THE PLANET
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Earth is a
terrestrial planet
which means
that its surface is
rocky and solid.
Earth is made
out of 4 layers;
the inner core,
outer core,
mantel and the
crust.
Mars is also
made out of 4
layers which
are; core,
lower mantle,
upper mantle
and the crust.
Jupiter is a gas
giant planet which
means that it is
mostly made out of
gas. There are 4
layers of inner
parts; layered
atmosphere, liquid
molecular hydrogen,
liquid metallic
hydrogen and a
possible core.
Saturn is made
out of 4 layers;
core (hot, solid),
liquid & metallic
hydrogen,
molecular
hydrogen and the
layered
atmosphere.
APPEARANCE OF THE PLANETS
Earth
Mars
•Earth is a rocky
planet.
•From space, it is
blue (because 70%
is water, it is also
known as the water
planet) and because
of that, it is called
the blue planet.
•Earth is more to
the oblate spheroid
shape(slightly flat
on the north and
south poles.
•Mars is also called
the red planet
because of its
appearance.
•Mars’ northern
and southern poles
also have ice. They
look white from
space.
•Mars has
mountains, canyons
and many other
land formations.
Jupiter Saturn
•Jupiter is the
biggest planet.
•It is yellow to
brown in color.
•There is a big red
spot which is
actually a storm
that has been going
on for centuries.
•Jupiter also has
wind patterns
which causes it to
have “strips/ lines”.
•Saturn is an oblate
spheroid shape but
more bulging at the
equator.
•The planet’s color
is yellowish brown
to greyish yellow.
•There are “lines”/
“strips” on Saturn
because they are
the wind pattern.
MOONS/ NATURAL SATELLITES
Earth
Mars
Earth has one
moon. Some say
its name is Luna.
Our moon wasn’t
discovered but it
was already
known by people
long ago because
they were the
first to see the
moon.
Mars has 2
moons. They are
Phobos and
Deimos.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter has more
than 63 moons. 5
of them are
called Europa, Io,
Ganymede,
Callisto and
Amalthea.
Saturn has more
than 42 moons. 5
of them are
Titan, Enceladus,
Dione, Iapetus,
Mimas
RINGS
Earth
Earth has no
rings.
Mars
Mars has no
rings.
Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter has rings
but they are not
really visible.
Jupiter’s rings
were first
observed on
1979. Jupiter’s
rings are really
thin.
Saturn has rings.
Its rings are
made out of
chunks of ices
and rock from
space that has
been pulled by
the gravity on
the planet.
Christiaan
Huygens
discovered that
Saturn had rings
on 1655. Saturn’s
rings are really
thin.
DISCOVERY OF THE PLANETS
Earth
Earth was
known since the
first person/
living thing was
born because
humans were
born on Earth
so the one who
discovered
Earth are
themselves.
Mars
Jupiter Saturn
As for these 3 planets, they can be
seen with the human eye so it was
long ago when these planets were
discovered yet no one knows who
because it has been a long time.
On 1610,
Galileo Galilei
discovered
Saturn but he
did not know
that Saturn
had rings.
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN EARTH AND MARS
Both Earth and Mars are terrestrial planets.
 They are both planets in the same solar system.
 They both have north and south poles.
 They are both oblate spheroid in shape.
 They both are made out of 4 layers (but the
layers are different).
 They both have moons.
 They orbit around the sun in an elliptical shape.

SIMILARITIES BETWEEN EARTH AND
JUPITER
They are both planets in our Solar System.
 They both have cores.
 They both have Auroras.
 They both experience storms (but Jupiter’s
storms are longer)
 They both have moons.
 They orbit around the sun in an elliptical shape

SIMILARITIES BETWEEN EARTH AND
SATURN
Both of them are planets
 They both have moons.
 They orbit around the sun in an elliptical shape

INTERESTING FACTS OF EARTH
Earth is the only planet on which water can exist
in liquid form on the surface.
 Earth is referred to as the BLUE PLANET.
Because from space, the oceans combined with
our atmosphere make our planet look blue.
 Earth travels through space at 66,700 miles per
hour.
 The sunrays reached at the earth in 8 minutes &
3 seconds.
 The total surface area of the Earth is 197 million
square miles.

INTERESTING FACTS OF MARS

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Mars is red because it is rusty. There is a lot of iron in the soil, and
the air on Mars has made it turn red-just like rusty iron on Earth.
One of Mars' moons, Phobos, is moving closer and closer to Mars.
Scientists think that one day it will crash into Mars.
Mars has the tallest Volcano in the Solar System named Olympus
Mons and it is 15 miles high which is three times the height of Mount
Everest.
Like Earth, the poles of Mars are covered in ice. The ice becomes
thicker in the winter.

Mars orbits the sun every 687 Earth days.

The Martian “day” is about half a hour longer than Earth.

At its brightest, Mars outshines every other planet apart from Venus.

The thin atmosphere of Mars is made of mostly carbon dioxide.


Valleys and Canyons on Mars suggest that the planet once had large
amounts of surface water.
In winter, nighttime temperatures on Mars can drop as low as 191°F.
INTERESTING FACTS OF JUPITER

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Jupiter is the largest planet in our Solar system. It is so big that more than
1300 Earths could fit inside it.
Thick, colorful clouds of deadly poisonous gases surround Jupiter. The quick
spinning of the planet whips up the atmosphere, creating the bands around
the planet.
If you were to descend into Jupiter, the thin, cold atmosphere becomes
thicker and hotter, gradually turning into a thick, dark fog. In the blackness
about 1000km down the pressure squeezes the atmosphere so hard that it
becomes like liquid.
At the centre of Jupiter is a rocky core, slightly bigger than Earth but
weighing about 20 times more.
Surrounding the core is an ocean of liquid hydrogen, about 1,000 kilometers
deep.
Jupiter has many storms raging on the surface, most notably the big red spot
which is the largest hurricane in our Solar System. It's been raging for over
three hundred years.
Jupiter has a very strong magnetic field, you would weigh two and a half
times as much as you would on Earth.
Jupiter has many moons circling around it. Four of these moons are bigger
than Pluto.
INTERESTING FACTS OF SATURN

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Saturn is the second largest planet in the Solar System
after Jupiter. It is so big that Earth could fit into it 755
times.
It is believed that Saturn’s rings will one day disappear.
They will either disperse (spread out) into space or get
sucked into the planet by its pull of gravity. This isn't likely
to happen anytime soon, more than likely occurring in ten
of millions of years time.
Saturn is twice as far away from the Sun as Jupiter is.
Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is the only moon in the Solar
System to possess an atmosphere.
Saturn has such a low density (meaning that its particles
are far apart) that, if there was an ocean big enough,
Saturn would float on it. In
comparison, Earth and Mercury would sink to the bottom
quickest.
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmxi3HvK2Js
OTHER VIDEO LINKS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLl8sDZRSYg
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SmyMQ_SdpN
c

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, Earth is the best planet for human and other
living things to live because Earth has the right conditions
for living things. Earth’s atmosphere is made out of oxygen,
nitrogen, water vapor, argon and carbon dioxide which
allow living to breathe easily. Earth is a rocky planet so
human will be able to walk easily. Earth isn’t too far nor
too close to the sun so it gives enough sunlight and
warmth. Its atmosphere is thicker than atmosphere on
other planet so it can protect Earth from meteors, direct
heat and etc. Earth is the only planet known to contain
70% water- it is the only planet with water. The gravity
isn’t too strong nor too weak so people won’t be squashed
by the gravity or float easily. Earth has all the conditions
needed for living things ti live so that is why Earth is an
ideal planet for us to live.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
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Facts and Stats. http://www.bobthealien.co.uk/satten.htm, 2011.
Jupiter Facts for Kids.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/planets/jupiter.html, Augustn
21 2012.
Mars facts for Kids.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/planets/mars.html, August 21
2012.

Mars Facts.http://www.planetfacts.net/Mars-Facts.html

Mars. http://www.kidsastronomy.com/mars.htm, KidsKnowIt.com©
1998-2012.


The Layers of Mars.
http://www.rutgersprep.org/kendall/7thgrade/mars_rover/02_bf/IndexB
F.html
The Planets Information.
http://theanswermachine.tripod.com/id2.html, 2005.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES

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Atmosphere and Planetary Composition.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronom
y/planets/jupiter/jupiterinside.shtml, 1999- 2010.
Jupiter. http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/jupiter.html,
1997-2006.
The Planets.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronom
y/planets/, 1998- 2006.
Inside Saturn.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronom
y/planets/saturn/saturninside.shtml, 1999- 2010.
Planet Saturn.
http://www.solarsystemquick.com/saturn.htm, 20102012.