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Biology 231 Spring 2005
Lecture Exam 2
Circle the letter corresponding to the best response. (2 pts each)
1) The stem cells of the epidermis are found in the
a. stratum corneum
b. stratum basale
c. stratum granulosum
d. stratum spinosum
2) Sebum is produced by
a. eccrine glands
b. sudoriferous glands
c. sebaceous glands
d. endocrine glands
3) Which of the following is present only in thin skin?
a. hair follicles
b. eccrine glands
c. stratum lucidum
d. epidermal ridges
4) Which best describes what fingernails are?
a. modifications of epidermis
b. calcified layers of cartilage
c. extensions of the phalanges
d. epidermal ridges
5) Which event does NOT occur during epidermal wound healing?
a. basal cell migration
b. blood clot formation
c. contact inhibition
d. basal cell division
6) The yellowish color in normal skin is due to
a. melanin
b. hemoglobin
c. carotene
d. keratin
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7) Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the
a. epidermis
b. papillary region of the dermis
c. reticular region of the dermis
d. subcutaneous layer
8) Absorption of damaging UV rays is the primary function of
a. keratin
b. sebum
c. cerumen
d. melanin
9) The papillary layer of the dermis consists mainly of
a. smooth muscle
b. areolar connective tissue
c. stratified squamous epithelium
d. dense irregular connective tissue
10) Nutrients reach the epidermis through
a. absorption of material on the surface of skin
b. capillaries in the stratum spinosum
c. the epidermis does not require nutrients because the cells are not living
d. diffusion from blood vessels in the dermis
11) Cyanosis, a bluish skin coloration, is caused by
a. lack of tyrosinase
b. liver disease
c. insufficient oxygen in blood
d. inflammation
12) Which of the following causes hairs the stand up when you are cold?
a. arrector pili
b. papilla
c. hair follicle
d. cuticle
13) Sebaceous glands usually secrete their products into the
a. blood
b. hair follicles
c. epidermal ridges
d. stratum lucidum
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14) Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?
a. vitamin D synthesis
b. excretion
c. body movement
d. sensation
15) The function of Langerhans cells is to
a. protect skin from ultraviolet radiation
b. phagocytize foreign material
c. provide pigmentation to skin
d. nourish epidermal cells
16) A hyaline cartilage model is used in which type of bone formation?
a. appositional ossification
b. intramembranous ossification
c. hyaluronic ossification
d. endochondral ossification
17) The ends of a long bone are the
a. osteons
b. metaphyses
c. diaphyses
d. epiphyses
18) The periosteum is the
a. outer covering of a bone
b. marrow in spongy bone
c. end of a long bone
d. lining of the medullary cavity
19) Which of the following best describes a greenstick fracture?
a. the bone is broken in more than one place
b. the broken ends of the bone protrude through the skin
c. the bone is shattered into many small fragments
d. the bone is only partially broken
20) Bone grows in length by
a. appositional growth under the periosteum
b. secondary,./ ossification
c. activity at the epiphyseal plate
d. primary ossification
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21) Which of the following bones is NOT formed by intramembranous ossification?
a. parietal
b. clavicle
c. fibula
d. temporal
22) The cells responsible for metabolic activities in mature bone are the
a. osteogenic cells
b. osteoblasts
c. osteoclasts
d. osteocytes
23) Bone constantly remodels and redistributes its matrix along lines of
a. blood vessels
b. hyaline cartilage
c. mechanical stress
d. overlying muscles
24) The “growth plates” close (ossify) due to a high level of
a. human growth hormone
b. estrogen
c. parathyroid hormone
d. calcitonin
25) Which of the following is an effect of parathyroid hormone?
a. decreased blood calcium levels
b. increased excretion of calcium by the kidney
c. increased blood calcium levels
d. decreased activity of osteoclasts
26) Which of the following best defines a flat bone?
a. a bone with greater length than width
b. a bone consisting of 2 parallel plates of compact bone
c. a bone with nearly equal length and width
d. a bone formed within a tendon
27) The carpals are examples of
a. flat bones
b. irregular bones
c. short bones
d. sesamoid bones
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28) Which of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?
a. calcaneus
b. sacrum
c. clavicle
d. coxal bone
29) The only movable bone of the skull is the
a. temporal
b. maxilla
c. mandible
d. zygomatic
30) The internal and middle ear are housed within the
a. bony orbit
b. foramen magnum
c. temporal bone
d. sphenoid bone
31) Paranasal sinuses are found in which bone?
a. temporal
b. mandible
c. parietal
d. maxilla
32) A lateral curvature of the vertebral column is called
a. lordosis
b. kyphosis
c. scoliosis
d. halitosis
33) The main function of the appendicular skeleton is to
a. facilitate body movement
b. protect internal organs
c. produce hormones for growth
d. store iron for blood cell production
34) When you sit on a stool, which part of the pelvis touches the stool?
a. pelvic brim
b. ischium
c. ilium
d. sacroiliac
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35) Hinge joints and pivot joints are similar in that they both are
a. synovial joints
b. synarthroses
c. cartilaginous joints
d. fibrous joints
36) Fluid to lubricate diarthrotic joints is produced by the
a. chondrocytes in the articular cartilage
b. synovial membrane of the articular capsule
c. osteocytes in the articulating bones
d. fibroblasts in ligaments around the joint
37) Hyperextending the knee is most likely to rupture the
a. ligament of the head of the femur
b. patellar ligament
c. anterior cruciate ligament
d. periodontal ligament
38) Rupture of the annulus fibrosus and extrusion (leaking out) of the nucleus pulposus
is known as a
a. sprain
b. luxation
c. herniated disc
d. fallen arch
39) You are bent over at the waist touching your toes with your fingertips. Which of the
following joints are flexed?
a. elbow joints
b. interphalangeal joints
c. hip joints
d. knee joints
40) Which of the following bony structures completely surrounds the pelvic cavity?
a. sacroiliac
b. true pelvis
c. obturator foramen
d. false pelvis
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Match the structure with the correct bone. (1 pt each)
1) _____ chin
a. clavicle
2) _____ shin
b. phalanges
3) _____ heel
c. vomer
4) _____ kneecap
d. mandible
5) _____ point of elbow
e. calcaneus
6) _____ cheekbone
f. fibula
7) _____ nasal septum
g. patella
8) _____ lateral ankle bump
h. coxa
9) _____ finger
i. tibia
10)_____ collar bone
j. ulna
11)_____ roof of mouth
k. zygomatic
12)_____ hip
l. maxilla
Match the function with the appropriate joint. (1 pt each)
1) _____ synarthrosis
a. shoulder joint
2) _____ opposition
b. proximal radioulnar joint
3) _____ gliding
c. coronal suture
4) _____ pronation
d. temporomandibular joint
5) _____ plantar flexion
e. carpometacarpal I joint
6) _____ circumduction
f. pubic symphysis
7) _____ elevation/depression
g. intercarpal joint
8) _____ amphiarthrosis
h. ankle joint
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