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Transcript
Name: _____________________________________ Forces and Motion Go to the PhET Website (just google PhET to get there). Go to the simulations, click on “motion” and find the “Forces and Motion” simulation (it may take a few moments to load). Play with the simulation a bit to figure out how it works. Once you’re comfortable with it, restore the default settings and turn off friction!!! For the first part of this activity we will not be considering friction. Answer all questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES! Part 1 1. If you apply the same force to objects of different masses, do you observe a small, medium or big acceleration or none? Object’s mass ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ Applied Force _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Result / Observation _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ 2. If you apply different forces to the same object, do you observe a small, medium or big acceleration or none? Object’s mass ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ Applied Force _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Result / Observation _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ 3. Describe the motion of an object while a steady force is applied using physics terms! Be sure to discuss the object’s velocity and acceleration and the vector arrows for the forces. 4. If an object is given a push, and then the force is removed, and in the absence of friction, describe the motion of the object using physics terms! Be sure to discuss the object’s velocity and acceleration and the vector arrows for the forces. Name: _____________________________________ 5. What do you have to do to get the filing cabinet and the book to accelerate at the same rate? Take data and provide examples. 6. THE BIG CONNECTION: Using your observations and data from questions 1-4, a. determine a mathematical relationship between Force, Mass and Acceleration. Show all your work! Be sure to analyze your solution and explain why it makes sense! b. In addition, test it with the simulation to verify your solution and show evidence of your tests! c. describe how the arrows for the forces helped you figure out whether the object was accelerating or not. Name: _____________________________________ Part 2 For this part we are going to look at more “real-world situations” so turn friction back on. 7. If you apply the same force to the same objects in Q1, what do you observe ? Object ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ Applied Force _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Result / Observation _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ 8. If you push on an object, a.why doesn’t it move right away like it did in Part 1? Use physics terms! b. what do you have to do to make the object begin moving? c. what did you notice about the sizes of the arrows? 9. a. Using the filing cabinet, what is the magnitude of the force of static friction? How do you know? b. Using the sleeping dog, what is the magnitude of the force of static friction? How do you know? 10. If an object is given a push, and then the force is removed, describe the motion of the object using physics terms! Be sure to discuss the object’s velocity and acceleration, and the vector arrows for the forces. Name: _____________________________________ 11. If you push the object so it stays at a constant velocity, a. what do you notice about the arrows? b. describe the net force on the object and the effect it has on the object’s acceleration. 12. THE BIG CONNECTION: Describe how this simulation helped you understand the following better (we hope!): a. free body diagrams b. how forces add up to give one net force c. how net force causes acceleration (or not!) d. what is the effect of ZERO net force e. some of the factors that affect friction Name: _____________________________________ 9. Go into “more controls” and change the settings so that we are on another planet. Record the gravity on the planet here: ______________. a. Using the filing cabinet, what is the magnitude of the force of static friction? How do you know? b. Using the sleeping dog, what is the magnitude of the force of static friction? How do you know? 10. Why did your answers from # 8 and # 9 differ? Analyze the differences. Do they make sense? 11. Predict the magnitude of static friction on Mars where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.71 N/kg? Why do you believe it will have this value? Does this make sense?
