Download Part IV-Essay Questions

Part IV-Essay Questions
1. While compromise was possible in 1850 between North and South, it was no longer possible by 1860. Explain why.
2. What were the underlying causes of Southern Secession and ultimately the Civil War. Limit your answer to the period of 18481850
3. Analyze how did 2 of the following led to secession of the South and ultimately the Civil War
*Compromise of 1850
*Kansas-Nebraska Act
*Dred Scott Case
* Harepers Ferry
4. Assess to the extent slavery was the main cause of disunion and the Civil War.
5. Asses to what extent state rights were the main cause of disunion and the Civil War.
Part VI-Multiple Choice Exam
1 (18-19)
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Many Southerners supported the Compromise of 1850 because it?:
provided that cotton be substituted for currency as a medium of exchange.
made the number of free states and slave states equal.
legalized slavery in all the newly acquired territories.
provided for the possible creation of five states out of Texas.
provided for the return of fugitive slaves.
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Despite earlier efforts to settle the issue, the slavery question became a major issue in the 1840s and 1850s because the?:
U. S. Supreme Court had a northern majority.
nation was expanding to the West.
evangelists of the Second Awakening raised the issue frequently.
existing political parties needed an issue which would unite their members.
3. By opening territory north of 36º 30' to slavery, the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the?:
a. Dred Scott decision.
b. Northwest Ordinance.
c. Missouri Compromise.
d. Wilmot Proviso.
e. Compromise of 1850.
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
"Bleeding Kansas" gained its reputation for violence because of the?:
sporadic warfare between settlers on opposing sides in the battle over the slavery issue.
actions of various bandit gangs that roamed the territory before the arrival of federal marshals.
general lawlessness of cowtowns like Dodge City and Abilene.
U. S. Army's vicious tactics while driving the Indians out of the territory.
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The new Republican party?:
quickly won voter support in the elections of 1854 and 1855.
prospered because of Northern outrage over "Bleeding Sumner" and "Bleeding Kansas".
won the presidency the first time it fielded a national ticker.
advocated popular sovereignty to defuse the issue of slavery in the territories.
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
In 1848, the Free Soil Party platform advocated all of the following EXCEPT?:
support of the Wilmot Proviso.
opposition to slavery in the territories
free government homesteads for settlers.
opposition to internal improvements
7.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that?:
Dred Scott was not a citizen of the United States.
Dred Scott could not legally sue in a federal court.
the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
Congress had no power to ban slavery from a territory.
all of these choices are correct.
8. The 1860 Republican Party platform favored all of the following EXCEPT?:
a. construction of a transcontinental railroad.
b. protective tariffs.
c. the abolition of slavery.
d. free homesteads.
9. "Popular sovereignty" was the idea that
a. the government of the United States should be elected by the people.
b. western settlers should be able to organize their own territorial governments.
c. the people of a territory should determine for themselves whether or not to permit slavery.
d. the United States should assume popular control of the territory acquired from Mexico.
10. Forming an effective government in California was essential because of
a. the desire of antislavery forces to gain a new state for their cause.
b. the threat that Mexico would reconquer the territory.
c. the need to have a government capable of building a transcontinental railroad.
d. the very large and unruly population drawn into the state by the discovery of gold.
11. The proposed admission of California directly into the Union was dangerously controversial because
a. the territory was in a condition of complete lawlessness and anarchy.
b. the Mexicans were threatening renewed warfare if California joined the Union.
c. California's admission as a free state would destroy the equal balance of slave and free states in the U.S. Senate.
d. there was a powerful movement to declare California an independent nation.
12. The existence of the "underground railroad" added to southern demands for
a. the admission of new slave states to the Union.
b. the death penalty for abolitionists.
c. a stricter federal Fugitive Slave Law.
d. the enslavement of free blacks in North and South.
13. Among the notable advocates of compromise in the controversy over slavery in 1850 were
a. William Seward and Zachary Taylor.
b. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster.
c. John C. Calhoun and Abraham Lincoln.
d. Stephen Douglas and Harriet Tubman.
14. The greatest winner in the Compromise of 1850 was
a. the North.
b. the South.
c. neither the North nor the South.
15. One of the primary effects of the Fugitive Slave Law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850 was
a. an end to slave escapes and the Underground Railroad.
b. popular northern support for the capture of runaway slaves.
c. a sharp rise in northern antislavery feeling.
d. an increase in violent slave rebellions.
16. The conflict over slavery after the election of 1852 shortly led to
a. the death of the Whig party.
b. the death of the Democratic party.
c. the death of the Republican party.
d. the rise of the Free Soil party.
17. Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
a. greatly strengthened northern antislavery feeling.
b. argued that nonslaveholding whites suffered the most from slavery.
c. increased the desire for sectional compromise on the issue of slavery.
d. was based on Stowe's long personal experience with slavery in the Deep South.
18. Hinton R. Helper's The Impending Crisis of the South contended that
a. slavery violated the essential principles of the U.S. Constitution.
b. slavery was contrary to the religious values held by most Americans.
c. slavery deeply harmed the poor whites of the South.
d. slavery violated the human rights of African-Americans.
19. The fanatical abolitionist John Brown made his first entry into violent antislavery politics by
a. killing five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas.
b. organizing a slave rebellion in Missouri.
c. leading an armed raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
d. organizing an armed militia of blacks and whites to conduct escaped slaves to Canada.
20. The panic of 1857 encouraged the South to believe that
a. its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the North.
b. it ought to take new steps to develop its own banking and manufacturing institutions.
c. it would be wise to support the Homestead Act.
d. its economic future was closely tied to that of the North.
d. the border states.
21. A key issue in the Lincoln-Douglas debates was
a. whether secession from the Union was legal.
b. whether the people of a territory could prohibit slavery in light of the Dred Scott decision.
c. whether Illinois should continue to prohibit slavery.
d. whether Kansas should be admitted to the Union as a slave or a free state.
22. In the campaign of 1860, the Democratic Party
a. tried to unite around the compromise "popular sovereignty" views of Stephen A. Douglas.
b. campaigned on a platform of restoring the compromises of 1820 and 1850.
c. split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate.
d. threatened to support secession if the sectionally-based Republicans won the election.
23. Lincoln won the presidency
a. with an electoral majority derived only from the North.
b. with a majority of both the electoral and the popular vote.
c. primarily because of the divisions in the Democratic party.
d. with an electoral majority evenly derived from all sections of the nation.
24. Within two months after the election of Lincoln,
a. Northerners were mobilizing for a civil war.
b. seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America.
c. all the slaveholding states had held conventions and passed secessionist resolutions.
d. President Buchanan was forced to appeal for troops to put down the secessionist rebellion.
25. Lincoln rejected the proposed Crittenden Compromise because
a. it did not deal with the issue of the future of slavery.
b. it permitted the further extension of slavery south of the line of 36° 30'.
c. it represented a further extension of Douglas's popular sovereignty idea.
d. the Supreme Court would probably have ruled it unconstitutional.
2. (15)
1. Life on the frontier was
a. fairly comfortable for women but not for men.
c. free of disease and premature death.
b. downright grim for most pioneer families.
d. rarely portrayed in popular literature.
2. Pioneering Americans marooned by geography
a. remained well informed.
b. grew to depend on other people for most of their clothing.
c. abandoned the "rugged individualism" of colonial Americans.
d. became provincial in their attitudes.
3. In early-nineteenth-century America,
a. the annual population growth rate was much higher than in colonial days.
b. the urban population was growing at an unprecedented rate.
c. the birthrate was rapidly declining.
d. the death rate was increasing.
4. The dramatic growth of American cities between 1800 and 1860
a. led to a lower death rate.
b. contributed to a decline in the birthrate.
c. resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities.
d. forced the federal government to slow immigration.
5. "Ecological imperialism" can best be described as
a. the efforts of white settlers to take land from Native Americans.
c. a desire for the United States to acquire California.
6. George Catlin advocated
a. placing Indians on reservations.
c. continuing the "rendezvous" system.
b. the aggressive exploitation of the West's bounty.
d. none of the above.
b. the preservation of nature as a national policy.
d. keeping white settlers out of the West.
7. The influx of immigrants to the United States tripled, then quadrupled, in the
a. 1810s and 1820s.
b.1820s and 1830s.
c. 1830s and 1840s.
8. Ireland's great export in the 1840s was
a. people.
b. potatoes.
c. wool.
d. whiskey.
d.
1840s and 1850s.
9. The Irish immigrants to early-nineteenth-century America
a. tended to settle on western farmlands.
b. were mostly Roman Catholics.
c. were warmly welcomed by American workers.
d. identified and sympathized with American free blacks.
10. When the Irish flocked to the United States in the 1840s, they stayed in the larger seaboard cities because they
a. preferred urban life.
b. were offered high-paying jobs.
c. were welcomed by the people living there.
d. were too poor to move west and buy land.
11. When the "famine Irish" came to America, they
a. moved to the West.
c. moved up the economic ladder quickly.
b. mostly became farmers.
d. mostly remained in the port cities of the Northeast.
12. Native-born Protestant Americans distrusted and resented the Irish mostly because these immigrants
a. were poor.
b. were thought to love alcohol.
c. were Roman Catholic. d. frequently became police officers.
13. German immigrants in the early nineteenth century tended to
a. settle in eastern industrial cities.
b. support public schools
c. become slaveowners.
d. join the temperance movement.
14. German immigrants to the United States
a. quickly became a powerful political force.
b. left their homeland to escape economic hardships and autocratic government.
c. were as poor as the Irish.
d. contributed little to American life.
15. When German immigrants came to the United States, they
a. mixed well with other Americans.
b. remained mostly in the Northeast.
c. prospered with astonishing ease.
d. dropped most of their German customs.
16. Those who were frightened by the rapid influx of Irish immigrants organized
a. the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.
b. the "Molly Maguires."
c. Tammany Hall.
d. the Ancient Order of Hibernians.
17. The sentiment of fear and opposition to open immigration was called
a. the cult of domesticity.
b. nativism.
c. Unitarianism.
d. rugged individualism.
18. Native-born Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would
a. want to attend school with Protestants.
b. overwhelm the native-born Catholics and control the church.
c. "establish" the Catholic church at the expense of Protestantism.
d. assume control of the "Know-Nothing" party.
19. Immigrants coming to the United States before 1860
a. depressed the economy due to their poverty.
b. found themselves involved in few cultural conflicts.
c. had little impact on society until after the Civil War.
d. helped to fuel economic expansion.
20. The "Father of the Factory System" in the United States was
a. Robert Fulton.
b. Samuel F. B. Morse.
c. Eli Whitney.
21. Eli Whitney was instrumental in the invention of the
a. steamboat.
b. cotton gin.
c. railroad locomotive.
d. Samuel Slater.
d. telegraph.
22. Most of the cotton produced in the American South in the early nineteenth century was
a. produced by free labor.
b. sold to England.
c. grown on the tidewater plains.
d. consumed by the southern textile industry.
23. The American phase of the industrial revolution first blossomed
a. on southern plantations.
b. with textile mills.
c. in rapidly growing Chicago.
d. with ship building.
24. As a result of the development of the cotton gin
a. slavery continued.
b. American industry bought more southern cotton than did British manufacturers.
c. a nationwide depression ensued. d. the South diversified its economy.
25. The basis for modern mass production was the
a. cotton gin.
b. musket.
c. use of interchangeable parts.
d. principle of limited liability.
26. The early factory system distributed its benefits
a. mostly to the owners.
b. evenly to all.
c. primarily in the South.
d. to workers represented by unions.
27. Match each individual below with the correct invention.
A. SamuelF. B. Morse
1. telegraph
B. Cyrus McCormick
2. mower-reaper
C. Cyrus Field
3. steamboat
D. Robert Fulton
a. A-3,B-1,D-2
b. A-1, B-2, D-3
c. A-1, C-2, D-3
d. B-2,C-1,D-1
28. The American work force in the early nineteenth century was characterized by
a. substantial employment of women and children in factories.
b. strikes by workers that were few in number but usually effective.
c. a general lengthening of the workday from ten to fourteen hours.
d. extensive political activity among workers.
29. One reason that the lot of adult wage earners improved was
a. support gained from the United States Supreme Court.
b. the enfranchisement of the laboring man.
c. the passage of laws restricting the use of strikebreakers.
d. the enactment of immigration restrictions.
30. In the case of Commonwealth v. Hunt, the supreme court of Massachusetts ruled that
a. corporations were unconstitutional.
b. labor unions were legal.
c. labor strikes were illegal.
d. the Boston Associates' employment of young women in their factories was inhumane.
31. The "cult of domesticity"
a. gave women more opportunity to seek employment outside the home. b. resulted in more pregnancies for women.
c. restricted women's moral influence on the family. d. glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.
32. Early-nineteenth-century American families
a. were becoming more loosely knit and less affectionate.
c. taught their children to be unquestioningly obedient.
d. usually allowed parents to determine choice of marriage partners.
b. were getting smaller.
33. One of the goals of the child-centered family of the 1800s was to
a. raise children who were obedient to authority.
b. allow parents to spoil their children.
c. raise independent individuals.
d. increase the number of children.
34. The effect of early-nineteenth-century industrialization on the trans-Allegheny West was to encourage
a. specialized, cash-crop agriculture.
b. slavery.
c. self-sufficient farming.
d. heavy industry.
35. With the development of cash-crop agriculture in the trans-Allegheny West,
a. subsistence farming became common.
b. farmers began to support the idea of slave labor.
c. farmers quickly faced mounting indebtedness.
d. the South could harvest a larger crop.
36. The first major transportation project linking the East to the trans-Allegheny West was the
a. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
b. National (Cumberland) Road.
c. Erie Canal.
d. Lancaster Turnpike.
37. Western road building faced all of the following problems except
a. the expense. b. states' rights advocates.
c. eastern states.
d. competition from canals.
38. The major application for steamboats transporting freight and passengers in the United States was on
a. New England streams.
b. western rivers.
c. the Great Lakes.
d. the Gulf of Mexico.
39. The "canal era" of American history began with the construction of the
a. Mainline Canal in Pennsylvania.
b. James River and Kanasha Canal from Virginia to Ohio.
c. Wabash Canal in Indiana.
d. Erie Canal in New York.
40. Construction of the Erie Canal
a. forced some New England farmers to move or change occupations.
b. showed how long-established local markets could survive a continental economy.
c. helped farmers so much that industrialization was slowed.
d. was aided by federal money.
41. Most early railroads in the United States were built in the
a. North.
b. Old South.
c. lower Mississippi Valley.
d. Far West.
42. Compared with canals, railroads
a. were more expensive to construct.
b. transported freight more slowly.
c. could be built almost anywhere.
d. were susceptible to weather delays.
43. In the new continental economy, each region specialized in a particular economic activity: the South____________ for export; the West grew
grains and livestock to feed____________________ ; and the East________________ for the other two regions.
a. raised grain, southern slaves, processed meat
b. grew cotton, southern slaves, made machines and textiles
c. grew cotton, eastern factory workers, made machines and textiles
d. raised corn, eastern factory workers, made furniture and tools
44. As a result of the transportation revolution,
a. division of labor became a thing of the past.
b. New Orleans became an even more important port.
c. each region in the nation specialized in a particular type of economic activity.
d. self-sufficiency became easier to achieve for American families.
45. In general, _________________tended to bind the West and South together, while___________ and___________ connected West to East.
a. steamboats, canals, railroads
b. railroads, canals, steamboats
c. canals, steamboats, turnpikes
d. turnpikes, steamboats, canals
46. As the new continental market economy grew,
a. individual households became increasingly self-sufficient.
b. the home came to be viewed as a refuge from the workaday world.
c. traditional women's work became more highly valued and increasingly important.
d. respect for women as homemakers declined.
47. In foreign trade in the early nineteenth century, Americans ____________agricultural products and_____________
goods-and they generally imported_______________________than they exported.
a. imported, exported, less
b. imported, exported, more
c. exported, imported, less
d. exported, imported, more
3. (16)
1. Unitarians endorsed the concept of
a. the deity of Christ.
b. original sin. c. salvation through good works. d. predestination.
2. As a revivalist preacher, Charles Grandison Finney advocated
a. opposition to slavery.
b. a perfect Christian kingdom on earth.
c. opposition to alcohol.
d. all of the above.
3. The religious sects that gained most from the revivalism of the Second Great Awakening were the
a. Roman Catholics and Episcopalians.
b. Unitarians and Adventists.
c. Methodists and Baptists.
d. Congregationalists and Presbyterians.
4. Tax-supported public education
a. existed mainly for the wealthy.
b. was deemed essential for social stability and democracy.
c. began in the South as early as 1800. d. provided little opportunity for the poor.
manufactured
5. Noah Webster's dictionary
a. had little impact until the twentieth century.
b. helped to standardize the American language.
c. was used to educate nineteenth-century slaves.
d. came to the United States from Britain in the 1800s.
6. One of the most prominent groups participating in the reform movements of pre-1860 America was
a. women.
b. blacks. c. Native Americans.
d. none of the above.
7. New England reformer Dorothea Dix is most notable for her efforts on behalf of
a. prison and asylum reform. b. the peace movement.
c. the temperance movement.
d. abolitionism.
8. Sexual differences were strongly emphasized in nineteenth-century America because
a. frontier life necessitated these distinctions.
b. men were regarded as morally superior beings.
c. it was the duty of men to teach the young how to be good, productive citizens.
d. the market economy increasingly separated men and women into distinct economic roles.
9. Women on the frontier were treated better than were women in Europe partly because
a. they could not vote.
b. the law prohibited men from beating them.
c. there were so few women there.
d. their ideas of equality were well received by American men.
10. Neal Dow sponsored the Maine Law of 1851, which called for
a. the abolition of capital punishment.
b. a ban on war.
c. a ban on the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquor. d. woman suffrage.
11. By the 1850s, the crusade for women's rights was eclipsed by
a. the temperance movement.
b. the "Lucy Stoners."
c. abolitionism.
d. prison reform advocates.
12. Most of the utopian communities in pre-1860s America held their founding ideals.
a. rugged individualism
b. cooperative efforts
c. capitalism
d. opposition to communism
13.Of the following, the most successful of the early-nineteenth-century communitarian experiments was at
a. Brook Farm, Massachusetts.
b. Oneida, New York.
c. New Harmony, Indiana.
d. Seneca Falls, New York.
14. Match each individual below with the correct description
A. Louis Agassiz
1. author of Birds of America
B. Gilbert Stuart
2. portrait artist
C. John J. Audubon
3. romantic novelist
4. Harvard biologist
a. A-3, B-2, C-4 b. A-4, B-3, C-l c. A-2, B-1, C-3 d. A-4', B-2, C-l
15. The Hudson River school excelled in the art of painting
a. portraits.
b. landscapes.
c. animal life.
d. daguerreotypes.
16. A genuinely American literature received a strong boost from the
a. wave of nationalism that followed the War of 1812.
b. writing of Charles Wilson Peale.
c. religious writings of the Second Great Awakening.
d. none of the above.
17. Match each writer below with his work.
A. Washington Irving
1. Walden
B. James Fenimore Cooper
2. Leatherstocking Tales
C.Ralph Waldo Emerson
3. The Sketch Book, with "Rip Van Winkle"
4. "The American Scholar"
a. A-I, B-2, C-3
b. A-3, B-2, C-4
c. A-2, B-3, C-l
d. A-3, B-1, C-4
18. Transcendentalists believed that all knowledge came through
a. the writings of John Locke. b. the senses.
c. observation.
d. an inner light.
19. All of the following influenced transcendental thought except
a. German philosophers.
b. Oriental religions.
c. Catholic belief.
d. individualism.
20. "Civil Disobedience," an essay that later influenced both Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., was written by the transcendentalist
a. William Cullen Bryant.
b. Ralph Waldo Emerson.
c. James Fenimore Cooper. d. Henry David Thoreau.
21. The Poet Laureate of Democracy, whose transcendentalist writings exposed his love of the masses and enthusiasm for an expanding America,
was
a. Edgar Allan Poe. b. Nathaniel Hawthorne.
c. Walt Whitman.
d. Herman Melville.
22. One American writer who did not believe in human goodness and social progress was
a. James Russell Lowell.
b. Henry David Thoreau.
c. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.
23. Match each writer below with his work.
A. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
B. Edgar Allan Poe
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Herman Melville
a. A-3, B-2, C-I
b. A-I, B-3, D-2
1.
2.
3.
d. Edgar Allan Poe.
The Scarlet Letter
Moby Dick
"Hiawatha"
c. A-3, C-I, D-2
d. B-2, C-I, D-3
24. Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because
a. it relied mainly on artificial means to fertilize the soil.
b. its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land.
c. excessive water was used for irrigation.
d. it was too diversified, thus taking essential nutrients from the soil.
25. As their main crop, southern subsistence farmers raised
a. cotton. b. tobacco.
c. corn.
d. rice.
26. Most white southerners were
a, planter aristocrats.
b. small slaveowners.
27. By the mid-nineteenth century,
a. most southerners owned slaves.
c. most slaves lived on large plantations.
c. nonslaveowning subsistence farmers.
d. "poor white trash. "
b. the smaller slaveholders owned a majority of the slaves.
d. slavery was a dying institution.
28. Most slaves in the South were owned by
a. subsistence farmers.
b. mountain whites. c. plantation owners.
d. small farmers.
29. The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because
a. they opposed slavery.
b. they could not afford the purchase price.
c. their urban location did not require them.
d. their racism would not allow them to work alongside African-Americans.
30. The most pro-Union of the white southerners were
a. "poor white trash."
b. mountain whites.
c. small slaveowners.
d. nonslaveowning subsistence farmers.
31. Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as
a. supporting their right to full citizenship.
b. disliking the race but liking individual blacks.
c. advocating black movement into the new territories.
d. very racist.
32. Regarding work assignments, slaves were
a. given some of the most dangerous jobs.
c. given the same jobs as Irish laborers.
b. generally spared dangerous work.
d. usually given skilled rather than menial jobs.
33. Perhaps the slave's greatest horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, was
a. the enforced separation of slave families.
b. slaveowners' frequent use of the whip.
c. the breeding of slaves.
d. having to do the most dangerous work on the plantation.
34. Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except by
a. slowing down the work pace.
b. refusing to get an education.
c. sabotaging expensive equipment.
d. pilfering goods that their labor had produced.
35. In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave resistance was
a. feigned laziness.
b. sabotage of plantation equipment.
c. running away.
d. armed insurrection.
36. The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was
a. proposed by William Lloyd Garrison.
c. the result of the widespread loathing of blacks in America.
b. never carried out.
d. suggested by the African nation of Liberia.
37. Match each abolitionist below with his publication.
A. William Lloyd Garrison
I. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World
B. Theodore Dwight Weld
2. The Liberator
C. Frederick Douglass
3. Narration of the Life of. . .
D. David Walker
4. American Slavery as It Is
a. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
b. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-I c. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-I
d. A-I, B-3, C-2, D-4
38. Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, (C)
Liberty party.
a. A, B,C b. C,A, B
c. B,C,A
d. A,C, B
39. The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the
a. 1820s.
b. 1830s.
c. 1840s.
d.
1850s.
40. Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery
a. were creating disorder in America.
b. were defending the American way of life.
c. deserved the right to speak freely.
d. had turned their backs on religion.
41. John Tyler joined the Whig party because he
a. thought that it was the easiest way to become president. b. could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson.
c. was forced to resign from the Senate.
d. believed in its pro-bank position.
42. As a result of President John Tyler's veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the United States,
a. he was expelled from the Whig party.
b. all but one member of his cabinet resigned.
c. an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach him.
d. all of the above.
43. To bring more money to the federal treasury, John Tyler
a. raised the price of western land.
c. supported legislation to establish a Fiscal Bank.
b. introduced an income tax.
d. signed into law a moderately protective tariff.
44. The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved
a. by war.
b. by a compromise that gave each side some territory.
c. when America was given all of the territory in question. d. by the Caroline incident.
45. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) annexation of Texas, (B) Webster-Ashburton Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary,
(D) Aroostook War.
a. A, B, D, C
b. B, D, C, A
c. D, B, A, C
d. C, A, B, D
46. Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because
a. the alliance would help to support the Monroe Doctrine.
b. this area would provide an excellent base from which to attack the United States.
c. Mexican efforts to attack the United States would be stopped.
d. the alliance would give abolitionists the opportunity to free slaves in Texas.
47. One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation
a. could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe.
b. might give more power to the supporters of slavery.
c. was not supported by the people of Texas.
d. offered little of value to America.
48. Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of
a. Senate approval of the Treaty of Annexation. b. President Tyler's desire to help his troubled administration.
c. a presidential order by Andrew Jackson.
d. the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
49. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate was secured by
a. expansionists.
b. anti-Texas southerners.
c. Henry Clay.
d. eastern business interests.
50. In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across North America was called
a. continentalism.
b. isolationism.
c. anglophobia.
d. Manifest Destiny.
51. In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of
a. 42°.
b. 49°.
c. 54° 40' .
d. 36° 30' .
52. In his quest for California, President James K. Polk
a. advocated war with Mexico from the beginning.
b. argued strongly for annexation, because Americans were the most numerous people in the area.
c. first advocated buying the area from Mexico.
d. sought British help to persuade Mexico to sell the area to the United States.
53. In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except
a. Manifest Destiny.
b. the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of Mexicans.
c. the desire to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican government.
d. the impulse to satisfy those asking for "spot" resolutions.
54. During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called upon several times to respond to "spot" resolutions indicating where American
blood had been shed to provoke the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by
a. Abraham Lincoln.
b. Henry Clay.
c. Robert Gray.
d. David Wilmot.
55. Match each American officer below with his theater of command in the Mexican War.
A. Stephen W. Kearny
1. northern Mexico
B. Zachary Taylor 2. California
C. Winfield Scott 3. Santa Fe
D. John C. Fremont
4. Mexico City
a. A-I, B-2, C-3, D-4
b. 0 A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
c. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-l
d. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
56. The terms-of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included
a. United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.
b. United States annexation of Texas.
c. the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the United States.
d. a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in damages to the United States.
57. The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that
a. Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States.
b. slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States. .
c. the United States should annex all of Mexico.
d. the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial indemnity for having provoked the war.
58. The largest single addition to American territory was the
a. Louisiana Purchase.
b. Mexican Cession.
c. Oregon Country. d. Old Northwest.
AP Questions
59. The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the prohibition of slavery in Louisiana Purchase territory
the primacy of federal law over state legislated Black Codes
the abolition of the international slave trade
the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War
federal return of fugitive slaves
60. The goal of the American Colonization Society was to
a. return freed slaves to Africa
b. recruit immigrant labor for American factories
c. assimilate recent immigrants into American Society
d. extend US influence to overseas colonies
e. promote western expansion by funding internal improvements
61. Throughout the first half of the 19th century, women reformers were most active in the cause of
a. temperance
b. woman suffrage c. pacifism
d. immigrants’ rights
d. workers’ rights
62. “Let Southern oppressors tremble..I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement…I will be as hars as truth and as
uncompromising as justice.”
The author of the statement above was
a. John C. Calhoun
b. Stephen A. Douglas
c. Henry Clay
d. Abraham Lincoln
e. William L. Garrison
63. By 1850, free African-Americans generally
a. had higher status than white yeoman farmers b. were descendants of slaves emancipated in the 1780’s and 1790’s
c. owned their own land
d. had the right to vote
e. lived in the Lower South states of Louisiana and Arkansas
64. During the first thirty years of the 19th century, which of the following occupations employed large number of working women?
a. government clerk
b. secretary
c. coal miner
d. textile mill worker
e. foreign language interpreter
65. “I am in earnest—I will not equivocate—I will not excuse—I will not retreat a single inch—and I will be heard”
The above quotation expresses the sentiment of which group interested in the subject of slavery?
a. gradual abolitionists
b. immediate abolitionists
c. “back to Africa” advocates d. segregationists
e. pro-slavery advocates
66. Which of the following women was both a leading abolitionist and an organizer of the Senaca Falls Convention in the late 1840’s?
a. Lucretia Mott
b. Sarah Grimke
c. Harriet Tubman d. Catherine Beecher
e. Louisa May Alcott
67. Which of the following stressed the importance of individual inspiration, self-reliance, dissent and nonconformity?
a. George Whitefield
b. Ralph Waldo Emerson
c. James Fenimore Cooper
d. Joseph Smith
e. Abigail Adams
68. In 1840 the American Antislavery Society split into factions because
a. its goals had been accomplished
b. most Americans rejected the goal of colonizing black people
c. William Lloyd’s advocacy of women’s rights and pacifism alienated some members
d. a new sentiment in Congress favoring abolitionism led to disagreement over the rights of former slaves
e. the death of Elijah P. Lovejoy created a struggle for power within the organization