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Transcript
Causes of the Civil War 1 (1787) Banned slavery in the Northwest territories 2 Created MO/ME and banned slavery north of the 36° parallel Missouri Compromise - 1820 Kept the balance of free & slave states in the Senate 3 NULLFICATION CRISIS (1832) – States’ Rights vs. Preserving the Union South Carolina nullifies Tariff of Abominations & threatens to secede The issue stayed in the background after the Missouri Compromise The proposal to add new states and territories (Texas, New Mexico, and California) brought the issue back up On numerous occasions, Congress made motions to not discuss the topic in session 4 • A bitter debate over slavery in the new west • Rep. David Wilmot (Penn) – Proposed slavery be prohibited in any land acquired from Mexico • Sen. John Calhoun (S.C.) – No govt. authority can prohibit or regulate slavery in a territory • Neither proposal passed, but intensified the debate 4 • Some say Missouri Compromise line should extend west • Others called for popular sovereignty – People in the territories will vote on whether to allow or deny slavery 1st president never previously elected to a public office Debate in Congress centered on California becoming a state The old guard of 19th century politicians take the lead in Congress Clay seeks a compromise and makes over 70 speeches in the House (Webster supported holding the Union together) In the Senate, Calhoun (too sick to read his own statements) calls for the south to secede – DIES DURING THE DEBATE President Taylor wants to abolish slavery and threatens to veto the bill Taylor dies suddenly– Millard Fillmore becomes President & signs the bill 5 Terms: For the North California admitted as a free state Slave trade abolished in District of Columbia Texas gave up its western lands for $10 million For the South New Mexico & Utah organized under popular sovereignty Fugitive Slave Law passed 6 Return escaped slaves to their state & owner/all citizens expected to help Whig party dying!!! Whigs choose another Mexican War General (another war hero like Jackson)
