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M.Sc. / M.A. Credit Based Programme for Postgraduate ANTHROPOLOGY Dr. H.S. Gour Central University, Sagar M.Sc. / M.A. SEMESTER – II Paper Code Name of the paper Course Instructor ANT- C 121 : Social – Cultural Anthropology- I Dr. Arun Jain ANT- C 122 : Physical/Biological Anthropology– I Dr. Ruma Purkait ANT- C 123 : Archaeological Anthropology– I Dr. Arun Jain ANT- C 124 : Research Methods– I Dr. K.K.N. Sharma ANT- C 125 : Practicals in Physical Anthropology–I Dr. Ruma Purkait ANT- C 126 : Practicals in Material Culture and Computer Application Dr. Ashish Gupta M.Sc./M.A SEMESTER – II ANT- C 221 : Social – Cultural Anthropology-II ANT- C 222 : Physical/Biological Anthropology–II ANT- C 223 : Archaeological Anthropology–II ANT- C 224 : Research Methods–II ANT- C 225 : Practicals in Physical Anthropology– II ANT- C 226 : Practicals in Archaeology and Museology M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND Anthropology L T P C 4 - - 4 ANT - C 221 Social-Cultural Anthropology - II Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz - 15 (05+05+05) Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 Subsistence. Surplus and Market Economy. Systems of Trade Exchange- Reciprocity, Redistribution; Barters and market. Art : Musical Instruments, Paintings; Ritualistic and Symbolic; Artefacts, Carvings, Mould, Masks, etc. Law and Social Control. Concept of Authority and Leadership. Types of Political Organisation: Tribe, State, Kinship and Chiefdom. Primitive Law and Justice. Types of Punishment. Ethnicity and Nationality. Religion and Magic: Anthropological Approaches to the study of Religion. Primitive Religion, Animism, Animatism, Bongaism and Totemism. Magic: Functions and Type. Magico-Religious Functionaries: Shaman, Priest, Medicine Man, Sorcerer and Witch. Religion, Magic and Science. Recommended Books : 1. Barnet, H.G. : Innovation-The Basis of Culture Change 2. Dalton, George : Tribal and Peasant Economics-Reading in Economic Anthropology. 3. Evans-Prichard, E.E. Social Anthropology 4. Foster, G.M. : : 5. Fox,Robin : Kinship and Marriage 6. Harris, M. Cultural Anthropology 7. Herskovits : : 8. Hongiman, J. : Handbook of Social and Cultural Anthropology 9. Kluekhohn Mirror for Man 10. Mair, Lucy : : 11. Malinowaski, B.A. : Scientific Theory of Cultural and Other Essays 12. Radiciffe Brown, A.R. : : Structure Theory of Cultural and Other Essays 14. nqcs] “;kekpj.k : ekuo vkSj laLd`fr 15. xqIrk ,oa “kekZ : lkekftd ekuo”kkL= 13. Rogers, E.M. and She Maker, F.F. Traditional Cultures Technological Change and Impact of Man and His Works An Introduction to social Anthropology Communication of Innovation 16. JhokLro] ,-vkj-,u- lkekftd ekuo”kkL= 17. “kekZ] ,-,u- ,oa “kekZ] ,u-,e18. “kekZ] ,-,u- lkekftd ekuo foKku ekuo”kkL= “kCndks’k M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND Anthropology L T P C 4 - - 4 ANT - C 222 Physical/Biological Anthropology – II Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz - 15 (05+05+05) Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 Emergence of Man : Austrolopithecinae, Homo-erectus, Neanderthal, Homo sapiens (Cromagnon, Grimaldi and Chancelade Man). Fundamentals of Human Genetics : Structure of Animal Cell, Chromosome, Gene, Cell Division – Mitosis and Meiosis. Mendal’s Law. Mendalian Genetics in Man, Basic Concept of Modes of Inheritance autosomal, Sex linked (Dominant and Recessive) Y-linked. Human Variation: Concept of Race, UNESCO Statement on Race, Race & Racism. Formation of Racial groups. Basic of Racial classificationSkin colour, hair, head form, face, nose, eye, stature, blood groups, dermatoglyphics. Major races of world & their sub types, Racial elements in India: Classification of B.S. Guha. Applied Physical Anthropology (Basic Concept) (i) Anthropology of Sports (ii) Nutritional Anthropology (iii) Forensic Anthropology (iv) Applied Human Genetics (v) Defense Services Recommended Books : 1. Ashley Montague : Concept of Race. 2. Backer, P.T. and Weiner (Eds.) : Biology of Human Adaptability. 3. Bodmer and Cavalli Storza Genetics, Evolution of Man. 4. Buettner-Janusch : : 5. Clark, Le Gros : The Antecedents of Man. 6. Curtstern Principles of Human Genetics. 7. Ember and Ember : : 8. Ember, A.E.H. : Elements of Medical Genetics. 9. Gates Human Genetics. 10. Harrison, et al. : : 11. Harrison, G.A. and Boyce, J. : The Structure of Human Population. 12. Hooton Up from the Ape. 13. Mange and Mange : : 14. Marrell : Evolution and Genetics. 15. Montague, A. : : An Introduction to Physical Anthropology. Aboriginal Races of India. 18. Shukla, B.R.K. and Rastogi, S. : : 19. Simpson, G.G. : 20. Sinnot, Dunn and Dobzansky Principles of Genetics. 21. Weiss, K.M. and Ballonoff, P.A. : : 22. Williams, B.J. : Evolution and Human Origin. 23. Winchester Genetics 24. Wright, S. : : 25. pkScs vkj- : 'kkjhfjd ekuo foKku 26. iVSfj;k ,p-,u- : 'kkjhfjd u`foKku 27. 'kekZ] ,-,u- ,oa 'kekZ] ,u-,e- : 'kkjhfjd ekuo foKku 16. Sahlins and Service 17. Sarkar, S.S. Origins of Man. Anthropology. Human Biology. Basic Human Genetics. Evolution and Culture. Physical Anthropology and Human Genetics – An Introduction. The Meaning of Evolution. Demographic Genetics. Evolution, Genetics and Population 28. izQqYy jatu >k ,oa nhif’k[kk oj.koky : ekuo’kkL=] Hkkx & nks ¼’kkjhfjd ekuo’kkL=½ M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND, 2011-12 Anthropology L T P C 4 - - 4 ANT - C 223 Archaeological Anthropology – II Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz - 15 (05+05+05) Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 Eolithic Controversy. Cultural Chronology – A survey of Tool Tradition and cultural Development during: Palaeolithic Times in Europe and India. Their Stratigraphic Position, Tool Types, Techniques, Artifacts. The Origin, Distribution, Development and Significance of the Palaeolithic Art Times in Europe and India. Cultural Chronology : A Survey of Tool Tradition and Cultural Development of Mesolithic Times in Europe and India. Their Stratigraphic Position, Tool Types, Techniques and Associated Human Fossils. The Origin. Distribution, Development and significance of the Mesolithic Artifacts, and Art times in Europe and India. Neolithic Revolution : Emergence of Agriculture and Domestication of animals. Village Communities, Tool Types, Pottery, Weaving, Wheel and Plough. The Effect of Neolithic Revolution on Human Life. Neolithic Complex in India and Their Problems. Definition and Types of Megalithis. Distribution and Main Characteristics of Indian Megaliths. Protohistory Period with special reference to Sindhu Valley Civilization/ Indus Valley Civilization. Copper, Bronze and Iron Age of India. Its Features and Distribution. Recommended Books : 1. Agrawal, D.P. : The Archaeology of India. 2. Allchin, B. and Allchin, F.R. : The Rise of Civilization of India and Pakistan. 3. Ashley Montague : Physical Anthropology and Archaeology. 4. Ashley Montague : Concept of Race. 5. Barmown Victor : Physical Anthropology and Archaeology. 6. Bhattacharya, D.K. : Introduction to Prehistoric Archaeology. 7. Bhattacharya, D.K. : An Outline of Indian Prehistory. 8. Bhattacharya, D.K. : An Emergence of Culture in Europe. 9. Bordes, F. 10. Budtzer, K.W. : : Old Stone Age. Environment and Archaeology. 11. Burkitt : Our Earlier Ancestors. 12. Burkitt : The Old Stone Ages. 13. Guha, B.S. : Racial Elements in Indian Population. 14. Hammond Peter, B. (Eds.) : Physical Anthropology and Archaeology. 15. James, J. Hester : Introduction to Archaeology 16. Leakey : Adam’s Ancestors. 17. Michal, J.W. 18. Piggot : : Dating Methods in Archaeology. Prehistoric India. 19. Sankalia, H.D. : New Archaeology – Its Scope and Application to India. 20. Sankalia, H.D. : Pre and Protohistory of India and Pakistan. 21. Sankalia, H.D. : Stone Age Tools, Families andTechniques. 22. Sarkar : Aboriginal Races of India. 23. Zeuner, F.E. : Pleistocene Period. 24. pkScs vkj- : iqjkrkfRod ekuofoKku 25. 'kekZ] ,-,u- : Hkkjrh; ekuo foKku M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND Anthropology L T P C 4 - - 4 ANT - C 224 Research Methods– II Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz - 15 (05+05+05) Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 Techniques of Data Collection : (a) Primary Sources – Observation, Interview, Key Information, Schedules and Questionnaires, Focus Group Discussion. (b) Secondary Sources: Census, National Sample Survey, Documents and Records, Maps, National and International Report (UNDP, World Bank, UNI, etc.). Scaling Techniques : Thurstone scale, Likert scale, point scale, Audio visual recording. Sampling: Random and Stratified Method, Non-Random Classification, Importance of Statistics in Anthropology. Report Writing : Object, Problem, Contents, Characteristics and Importance of Report Writing. Bio-statistics: Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Mode and Median. Quartiles: Standard Deviation, Mean Deviation, Standard Error, Coefficient of variation. Test of Significance : Chi-square test, G-test, Students (t) test, Coefficient of Correlation. Tabular and Graphical Representation. Recommended Books : 1. Danda, A. : Research Methodology in Anthropology. 2. Fischer, M. : Applications in Computing for Social Anthropologists. 3. Goode and Hatt : Methods in Social Research. 4. H. Russel Bernarod : Hand Book of Methods in Cultural Anthropology. 5. Kassam and Mustafa 6. Madrigal Lorena Participatory Research. : Statistics for Anthropology. 7. Young, P.V. : Scientific Social Surveys and Research. 8. Schluter, W.C. : How to Research. 9. eqdthZ] johUæukFk : lkekftd vuqla/kku ,oa losZ{k.k M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND Anthropology L T P C - - 9 3 ANT - C 225 Practical in Physical Anthropology – II - 15 (05+05+05) Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 1. Somatometry (Based on Current Techniques) Measurement on Head : (i) Maximum Head Length; (ii) Maximum Head Breadth; (iii) Least Frontal Breadth; (iv) Bizygomatic Breadth; (v) Bigonial Breadth; (vi) Nasal Height; (vii) Nasal Breadth; (viii) Nasal Depth; (ix) Auricular Height; (x) Physiognomic Facial Length; (xi) Morphological Facial Length; (xii) Physiognomic Superior Facial Length; (xiii) Morphological Superior Facial Length; (xiv) Physiognomic Ear Length; (xv) Physiognomic Ear Breadth; (xvi) Horizontal Circumference of the Head; (xvii) Transverse arch of the Head; (xviii) Profile Angle 2. Indices : (i) Cephalic Index; (ii) Nasal Index; (iii) Ear Index; (iv) Physiognomic Facial Index; (v) Morphological Facial Index. 3. Measurement on Trunk and Limbs : (i) Height Vertex; (ii) Height Tragus; (iii) Height Sternale; (iv) Height Illiospinale; (v) Height Tibiale; (vi) Height Spherion; (vii) Height Acromian; (viii) Height Radiale; (ix) Height Stylion; (x) Height Dactylion; (xi) Sitting Height Vertex; (xii) Span (Arm Stretch); (xiii) Bi-acromial Diameter; (xiv) Chest Girth; (xv) Length of Hand; (xvi) Breadth of Hand; (xvii) Length of Foot; (xviii) Breadth of Foot; (xix) Bicristal Breadth; (xx) Weight of Body. 4. Indices : (i) Length Breadth index of (iii) Relative Sitting Height Index. Hand; (ii) Length Breadth index of Foot; 5. Somatoscopy : (i) Skin colour; (ii) Hair colour; (iii) Hair form; (iv) Hair texture; (v) Hair whorls; (vi) Colour of Iris; (vii) Colour of sclera; (viii) Eye lids; (ix) Eye brow (shape and quantity); (x) Eye opening; (xi) Eye folds; (xii) Supra orbital ridges; (xiii) Nasal Root; (xiv) Profile of nasal bridge; (xv) Nasal septum; (xvi) Tip of nose; (xvii) Fore-head; (xviii) Chin; (xix) Prognathism; (xx) External ear : Ear shapes, Ear lobe attachment, Ear lobe shape size Darwins tubercle; (xxi) Lips; (xxii) Frontal outline of the face; (xxiii) Tongue rolling; (xiv) Tongue folding; (xv) Hand clasping; (xvi) Arm folding. Recommended Books: 1. Ashley Montague 2. Breathnach, J.E. : : A Manual of Physical Anthropology. Frazer’s Anatomy of Human Skeleton. 3. William et al. 4. Singh and Bhasin 5. Wilder : : : Gray’s Anatomy. Anthropometry. Manual of Anthropometry. M.Sc./ M.A., SEMESTER – SECOND Anthropology L T P C 4 - 4 - ANT - C 226 Practicals in Archaeology and Museology Maximum Marks : 100 Quiz - 15 (05+05+05) Mid Sem. - 25 (12+13) End Sem. – 60 Prehistoric Archaeology: Prehistoric tools and implements of the following list are to be identified and sketched according to their measurements and described properly. (a) Hand axe Varieties and Chopper / Chopping Tools. (b) Cleaver Varieties (c)Scraper Varieties Particular attention has to be paid on the study of Patinations, Weathering and Flaking of Stone Tools as available in the Departmental Lab. Microlith Tool Types : (a) Knives (b) Burins (c) Borers (d) Blades (e) Neolithic Tools (Celt, Adze, Chisel, Ring-stone, Fabricator, Millstone, Mullers). Museology Definition, concept and type of museum. Anthropological museums and their importance. Art museum, Science Museum, Public Museum, Private Museum, National Museum. Difference between Museum and laboratory, museum and gallery. Museum Techniques Each student is required to learn the preservation techniques of the organic and inorganic materials of the museum along with he/she has to learn the techniques of cleaning, mending and Arrangement of Museum specimens. Internship and Visit (at own expenses) Each student has to perform maintenance of museum specimen of department’s museum in the strict supervision of concerned teacher and museum curator. They also have to visit other museums of university campus and prepare a report on these museum specially regarding their specimen, method of display and technique of preservation and maintenance of different object.