Download European Exploration - Northwest ISD Moodle

New World vs. Old World
Old World
New World
•North America
•South America
•Europe
•Asia
•Africa
Historian’s
believe that
Native
Americans
migrated from
Asia about
12,000 years
ago across the
Bering Straight
at the end of the
last Ice Age.
The Emergence of Native American
Civilizations
By 1500, North America was home to hundreds of unique
Native American cultural groups. Each one very different
from one another
OLD WORLD
Greek and Roman Empires: Western Civilization
Let’s
look at how
the Age of
In order to
understand
how important
Exploration
began.
exploration was
to the world,
we need to go
back to a time when exploration was of little
importance----
Middle Ages (500-1350)
• During the Middle Ages life was hard
and people struggled just to survive.
• Society collapsed: Food was scarce,
death and disease was rampant, no
education and constant warfare
Feudal Society
King
Lords
Knights
This
feudalism
was a system
of loyalty and
protection
called
worked
from...
Serfs
top to bottom
and
bottom to top
Eventually, life became somewhat
easier and people were not so
afraid to leave their feudal
manors.
In 1095 Pope Urban II called
on all Christians to leave their
homes and defend their faith
by joining the Crusades.
The Crusades: 1090s-1270s
The Crusades were a series of wars
fought between Christians and Muslims
for the control of the Holy Land.
The Holy Land
The Middle
East
The Crusades were important
because...
Asia
Europeans ventured to Asia for
the first time.
Effects of the Crusades
Europeans were introduced to
new foods and products.
This led to an increase
of trade between Europe
and Asia
“Renaissance”
(1400-1600)
actually means “rebirth.” It was a
rebirth of knowledge and culture in art,
religion, science, and learning that had
flourished in ancient Greek and Roman
times.
.
.
Gutenberg
books.
printed
Michelangelo
Galileo
painted
magnified
and sculpted.
the heavens.
Shakespeare
Leonardo
invented
wrote.
and painted
Enlightenment
l
l
l
Magna Carta (1215) limited the power
of the King and the English Bill of
Rights protected individual rights of
Englishmen
John Locke believed people have
rights that must be protected by
governments.
“Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody
has a right to, but himself.”
Exploration
•Trade with Asia led to exploration of the world.
•European nations were looking for an all water
route to Asia to make $$$ off spices and silk.
European Explorers
Hall of Fame
A few explorers who made a
difference.
Christopher Columbus- Spain
• Columbus was searching for a
faster route to Asia..
• October 12, 1492
Columbus landed on what
he believed was the Indies
• He thought he was in India,
but he really had
“discovered” the New
World
• Columbus opened the “New World” for
exploration.
Amerigo Vespucci- Italy
• Amerigo followed Columbus’s
route to the New World.
Amerigo was an Italian
Mapmaker.
• He wrote to a friend that he had
indeed figured out these were
new continents
• The AMERICA’s are
named after Amerigo!
Hernando Cortes - Spain
• Spanish conquistadors
claimed vast areas of the
New World for Spain
• In 1519 , Hernan Cortes
entered Mexico and made
contact with the mighty Aztec
Empire.
• Mistaken for an Aztec
God, Cortes proceeded
to destroy and conquer
the Aztec Empire
Jacques Cartier- France
• Cartier was looking for the
Northwest Passage, a believed
waterway to Asia through North
America.
•discovered the mouth of the St.
Lawrence River.
•claimed much of Canada for France.
Henry Hudson- England/ Dutch
• During his search for the
Northwest Passage, but
discovered the Hudson River,
Hudson Strait, and Hudson Bay.. .
• claimed land for
both England
and Dutch
Hudson was viewed as too intense
and unfair. Eventually his crew
mutinied (rebelled) and left him to
die in the icy North Atlantic.
Ferdinand Magellan- Spain
• Magellan’s voyage was the first
to circumnavigate the globe.
• However, Magellan was killed
in the Philippines during a
battle with natives.
• His crew put his body in a pickling
barrel and finished the voyage, so
technically, Magellan did sail
around the world.
Sir Frances Drake- England
Drake was a famous English “Sea
Dog” who raided ships of the
Spanish Armada. Eventually, he
helped defeat the Armada.
Drake was the first Englishman to
circumnavigate the world.
Prince Henry the Navigator- Portugal
Henry never explored, but he was
instrumental in promoting exploration by:
financed many voyages for
Portugal.
starting a school for navigation
at Sagres that initiated many
advancements in sailing.
The Conquistadors- Spain
The conquistadors were the
Spanish conquerors who were
looking for the “Three G’s”...
gold
God
glory
Two of the most famous were:
Hernando Cortez who
conquered the Aztecs in Mexico.
Francisco Pizarro who
conquered the Incas in Peru.