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Cruisin’ the World
The world is forever changed.
The World in 1500 A.D.
New World vs. Old World
New World
•North America
•South America
Old World
•Europe
•Asia
•Africa
Historian’s believe
that Native
Americans migrated
from Asia about
12,000 years ago
across the Bering
Straight at the end of
the last Ice Age.
The Emergence of Native American
Civilizations
By 1500, North America was home to hundreds of unique Native
American cultural groups. Each one very different from one
another
Second Discovery of America
Leif Ericsson and the Vikings
landed in far North America in
about 1,000 B.C.
They named the land
“Vinland” because of
the abundance of wild
grapes.
Old World Map
Let’s look at how the Age of
Exploration began.
In order to understand how important
exploration was to the world, we need to go
back to a time when exploration was of little
importance----
Middle Ages (500-1350)
During the Middle Ages (500-1350), life was
hard and people were struggling just to
survive.
There was constant threat from outside
invaders.
Food was scarce.
Death and Disease was
rampant.
People spent much of their time and
energy just trying to survive. There
was little leisure time to be interested in
the outside world, much less time to
explore it.
Eventually, a social and political system
developed that helped to bring stability and
peace to Europe.
Feudalism
King
Lords
Knights
Serfs
Feudalism was a
system of loyalty and
protection in the
Middle Ages.
Everyone was loyal to the king
because he provided a place to live
and knights for protection.
However, the king needed his
subjects below him for his
survival, too. He was even loyal
to the serfs, for they provided
food.
This system of
loyalty and
protection called
feudalism worked
from...
Feudal Society
King
Lords
Knights
Serfs
top to bottom
and
bottom to top
Eventually, life became somewhat
easier and people were not so
afraid to leave their feudal
manors.
In 1095 Pope Urban II called
on all Christians to leave their
homes and defend their faith
by joining the Crusades.
The Crusades: 1090s-1270s
The Crusades were a series of wars
fought between Christians and Muslims
from the over control of the Holy Land.
The Holy Land
The Middle
East
The Crusades were important
because...
Asia
Europeans ventured to Asia for
the first time.
Effects of the Crusades
Europeans were introduced to
new foods and products.
This led to an increase of
trade between Europe
and Asia
People came into contact with others outside of
their feudal manors.
Ideas and learning became more
widespread.
Europe was on the verge of a great rebirth of
cultural borrowing known as the
“Renaissance” (1400-1600)
actually means “rebirth.” It was a rebirth of
knowledge and ideas in art, religion, science,
and learning that had flourished in ancient
Greek and Roman times.
Strong European
nations emerged during
this time period.
People did not have to struggle as much to
survive during the Renaissance. They had
more leisure time. Some very famous figures
used that leisure time to create and invent
wonderful things.
Gutenberg
printed
books.
Michelangelo
Galileo
painted
magnified
and sculpted.
the heavens.
Shakespeare
Leonardo
invented
wrote.
and painted
The height of European exploration
occurred during the Renaissance.
Exploration
•After the Crusades and Renaissance, Europeans want
Asian goods
•Trade with Asia led to exploration of the world.
•European nations were looking for an all
water route to Asia to make
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Explorer Hall of Fame
A few explorers who made a
difference.
Prince Henry the Navigator- Portugal
Prince Henry never explored, but he was
instrumental in promoting exploration by:
financing many voyages for
Portugal.
starting a school for navigation
at Sagres that initiated many
advancements in sailing.
Christopher Columbus- Spain
Columbus was searching for a
faster route to Asia..
October 12, 1492 Columbus landed
on what he believed was the Indies
He thought he was in India, but he
really had “discovered” the New
World
Columbus opened the “New World” for
exploration.
Amerigo Vespucci- Italy
Amerigo followed Columbus’s
route to the New World.
Amerigo was an Italian
Mapmaker.
He wrote to a friend that he had
indeed discovered a new
continent.
AMERICA is named after
Amerigo!
Ferdinand Magellan- Spain
Magellan’s voyage was the first to
circumnavigate the globe.
However, Magellan was killed in
the Philippines during a battle
with natives.
His crew put his body in a pickling
barrel and finished the voyage, so
technically, Magellan did sail around
the world.
The Conquistadors- Spain
The conquistadors were the
Spanish conquerors who were
looking for the “Three G’s”...
gold
God
glory
Two of the most famous were:
Hernando Cortez who
conquered the Aztecs in Mexico.
Francisco Pizarro who
conquered the Incas in Peru.
Jacques Cartier- France
Cartier was looking for the
Northwest Passage, a believed
waterway to China through North
America.
During his search he:
•discovered the mouth of the St.
Lawrence River.
•claimed much of Eastern Canada
for France.
Henry Hudson- England
During his search for the Northwest
Passage, Hudson discovered the
Hudson River, Hudson Strait, and
Hudson Bay.
Hudson was viewed as too intense and
unfair. Eventually his crew mutinied
(rebelled) and left him to die in the icy
North Atlantic.
Sir Frances Drake- England
Drake was a famous English “Sea
Dog” who raided ships of the
Spanish Armada. Eventually, he
helped defeat the Armada.
Drake was the first Englishman to
circumnavigate the world.
Write a five to six sentence level
one writing in your Interactive
Notebook addressing the following
question:
How are we related to people in
history? In other words, how are
we like the people we will study in
history?