Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Volcano Vocabulary 1. ash fall- the ejection of volcanic materials into the atmosphere and the settling of these materials over a wide area of the surface of the earth 2. caldera- a large, steep-sided, circular or oval volcanic depression that forms when magma retreats or erupts from a shallow underground magma chamber; with no magma to support the ground above it, the overlying rock collapses and the caldera is formed 3. cinder cone- a small (less than 400 meters high) cone-shaped volcano made of broken rocks or blobs of hardened lava, called “cinders, “ that accumulate around the volcanic vent 4. composite volcano- a volcano that forms from alternating eruptions of viscous lava and broken rock. It is steep near the summit and flat toward the base. 5. lahar- mudflow that occurs when rain falls through clouds of ash or when rivers become choked with falling volcanic debris 6. lava dome- a bulbous, steep sided dome that forms at the top of a volcano when thick, relatively “cold” magma emerges from the volcanic opening 7. lava flow- lava that flows quickly over the surface of the earth and covers a wide area 8. mudflow- a powerful “river” of mud that forms when debris, such as from a volcanic eruption, moves into a stream or river 9. pillow lava- balloon like mounds that form when lava erupts under water or empties into the ocean 10.shield volcano- a wide, broadly sloping volcano that forms from runny lava. It is the largest of volcanoes 11.volcano- a landform, usually cone shaped, produced by a collection of erupted material around a vent, or opening, in the surface of the earth and through which gas and erupted materials pass 12.volcanologist- a scientist who studies volcanoes and volcanic phenomena 13.rock cycle- the process by which earth materials transform from one rock type into another 14.igneous rock- a solid earth material that forms when magma or lava cools and crystallizes on or below the earth’s surface 15.metamorphic rock- a solid earth material that forms when any rock type is changed by the earth’s high temperature and pressure 16.sedimentary rock- a solid earth material composed of compacted and cemented sediments or particles of various sizes