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Chemistry Questions 1. Rutherford observed that most of the alpha particles directed at a thin metal foil passed through without deflection. Based on what discover: 2. The nucleus of a chlorine atom has a charge of 3. The positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom is 4. What is the total number of electrons in the nucleus of an atom of potassium-42? 5. Which of the following elements have the greatest number of neutrons? a. 37Cl b. 39K 4. An atomic mass unit is defined as exactly a. 1/16 the mass of 12C atom b. 1/12 the mass of 12C atom 5. The total number of electrons in the outer shell (energy level) of a sodium ion is 6. As the number of neutrons in the nucleus of a given atom of an element increases, the atomic number of that element (increase or decrease or remains the same). 7. Most diatomic molecules are (Metal or Nonmetal). 8. Which group of substances can be broken down chemically? a. CaO and Ca b. MgO and CaO 9. Which sequence of atomic numbers represents elements which have similar chemical properties? a. 19, 23, 30, 36 b. 5, 13, 31, 49, 81 10. The elements calcium and barium have similar chemical properties because they both have the same a. atomic number b. number of valence electrons