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WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST NAME ____________________________________________ DATE _______________________ PERIOD _______ POINTS ______ 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the Roman gods or goddesses? a. Jupiter b. Apollo c. Hades d. Minerva 2. Which Roman author wrote the Aeneid? a. Julius Caesar b. Livy c. Virgil d. Octavian 3. 4. 5. 6. Rome was able to spread its influence because of its geography. Which of the following statements is true about Roman geography? a. As an island in the Mediterranean, Italy was protected and was midway between Africa and Europe. b. Rome was located on the Italian Peninsula, which was located at nearly the midpoint between the western and eastern ends of the Mediterranean Sea. c. From its position at the western end of the Mediterranean Sea, Rome was able to control all trade entering from the Atlantic Ocean. d. Rome was located on a small peninsula at the point where Asia and Europe meet, so Rome controlled the flow of trade from the Middle East. Before Julius Caesar became dictator of Rome, the government in Rome can best be described as a. A republic b. A direct democracy c. A monarchy d. An oligarchy How did Roman mythology influence modern cultures? a. West civilizations discourage the use of mythology. b. Many of the gods and goddesses are used today in religious ceremonies. c. Planets, advertisements, and some holidays use the images or traits of Roman gods and goddesses. d. Roman mythology spread throughout Europe, influencing the religious practices in those areas. 7. Which statement does NOT describe how the Romans treated conquered people? a. Some were given full Roman citizenship b. Some people were allowed to keep their own customs and local government c. The conquered areas were forced to pay taxes and acknowledge Roman leadership. d. All males in conquered areas were forced to become gladiators or slaves. 8. The 200 year period when peace, order, and prosperity flourished in Rome is known as the a. Pax Sinica b. Golden Age of Augustus c. Pax Greco d. Pax Romana 9. A major contribution of the Roman Empire to western society was the development of a. Gunpowder b. Sailing ships c. Alphabet d. Effective legal system 10. A major political reason for the decline of the Roman Empire was a. Military defeats in Africa b. Corruption and unstable government. c. The abolition of slavery d. Acceptance of the Greek gods and goddesses. 11. This Roman dictator was very popular with the plebeians, but the Senate members feared he was gaining too much power. Members of the Senate assassinated him on his way to a meeting in the Forum on March 15, 44 B.C. Who was he? a. Augustus Caesar b. Julius Caesar c. Marc Anthony d. Tiberius Gracchus 12. As Rome expanded its territories, this ancient Phoenician city located in Africa became its first enemy. What is the name of this Phoenician city? a. Athens b. Phoenicia c. Carthage d. Sparta 13. Greece is to Zeus as Rome is to a. Mars b. Saturn c. Apollo d. Jupiter The majority of the Roman population – farmers, merchants, and artisans – belonged to this group. a. Plebeians b. Helots c. Patricians d. Slaves Page 1 of 6 WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST 14. This series of wars resulted in the defeat of Carthage and in Roman dominance of the Mediterranean. What were these wars called? a. The Punic Wars b. The Carthaginian Wars c. The Persian Wars d. The Roman Wars 15. The ancient Roman territory of Gaul was added to Roman holdings by this general who then became a Roman dictator. a. Octavian b. Hadrian c. Marcus Aurelis d. Julius Caesar 16. The United States government is modeled after what Roman government form? a. Representative democracy b. Direct democracy c. Dictatorship d. Triumvirate a. 17. The Roman culture and technology was spread to other areas primarily as a result of a. Trade b. Conquest c. Invasion d. Travel b. 18. The eastern portion of the Roman Empire became known as a. Justinian’s Empire b. The Byzantine Empire c. The Eastern Empire d. Constantine’s Empire 19. Under the Twelve Tables, this western concept of law was developed. What is that concept? a. The right to a lawyer b. The right to a speedy trial c. The accused is innocent until proven guilty. d. All people are equal before the law. 20. Constantine ended the persecution of the Christians with what ruling? a. Edict of Constantine b. Edict of Nicaea c. Rock Edict d. Edict of Milan 21. The Roman Republic ended for all the following EXCEPT a. High unemployment b. Inflation c. Increased trade d. Barbarian invasion 22. This family of languages developed from the Latin spoken by the Romans. a. Romance b. Germanic c. Hebrew d. English 23. All of the following are examples of Roman architecture EXCEPT c. d. Monotheistic Developed from Hebrew teachings New Testament Belief in life after death Early church councils establish doctrine Spread by apostles 24. The above statements refer to which religion that started during the Roman Empire? a. Judaism b. Hinduism c. Christianity d. Zoroasterism Page 2 of 6 WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST 25. Which of the following statements about Christianity is NOT true? a. Christianity developed from Judaism b. Christ’s teachings are contained in the Old Testament of the Bible c. Christians were persecuted by the Romans. d. Christians were loyal first to the Church not the Roman Emperor. 26. The Romans opposed the Christians for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. Christians refused to worship the emperor as a god. b. The Christians refused to serve in the Roman army. c. The Christians renamed the Roman gods. d. Christians taught theirs was the only true faith. 27. What was the written law codes of the Roman Republic called? a. Twelve Tables b. Twelve Commands c. Golden Rules d. Twelve Laws 28. Constantine built a new capital at the site of the old city of Byzantium. What were the advantages of this city’s location? a. It was on an island, near the origins of Christianity, and controlled the crossroads of trade. b. It was an easily defended peninsula, far from invading barbarians, close to the origins of Christianity, and controlled the passage between Europe and Asia. c. It was located on the Balkan Peninsula in Greece, near the origins of Christianity, and at the crossroads of trade. d. Byzantium was located in the Middle East in Nazareth where Christ lived, and the city was easy to defend. 29. The Carthaginian general who invaded Italy during the second Punic War. a. Hannibal b. Scipio c. Anthony d. Pompey 30. What was the name of the legendary founder of the city of Rome? a. Remus b. Romulus c. Caesar d. Octavian 31. The Pax Romana is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Uniform system of money b. Decline in trade c. Safe travel across empire d. Uniform rule of law 32. The Romans adopted their polytheistic religion from what group? a. Etruscans b. Minoans c. Greeks d. Egyptians 33. Rome became the dominant force in the Mediterranean after its victory in the Punic Wars over a. Spain b. Great Britain c. Gaul d. Carthage 34. As the Roman Empire declined, which of the following occurred? a. The Roman citizens rushed to the defense of Rome. b. The military became highly organized and focused on defending the western and northern frontiers. c. Diocletian divided the empire into an eastern and western half. d. The influence of the Catholic Church increased. 35. There were two major social classes in ancient Rome. The ______ were wealthy and well born and the ______ were the poorer members of society. a. Patricians, Plebeians b. Hittites, Mennonites c. Phoenicians, Christians d. Romans, Gauls 36. The Christian religion was spread throughout the Roman Empire by: a. Abraham b. Paul c. Muhammad d. Caesar 37. The foundation of modern democracy was derived (adopted) from: a. The New Testament b. The Roman Republic c. The Laws of Rome d. The Roman Empire 38. What was the name of the large market and meeting place in Rome? a. the Agora b. the Pantheon c. the Forum d. the Acropolis 39. The Roman Republic collapsed because of civil war over the power of Julius Caesar and a. Devaluation of Roman currency b. Unstable civil service c. Belief in polytheism d. Lack of technological advances. Page 3 of 6 WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST 46. Of the following maps, which shows the greatest extent of the Roman Empire? a. Use the above chart to answer the following three questions. 40. After Julius Caesar’s death, how much time elapsed before Augustus became ruler of the Roman Empire? a. 17 years b. 74 years c. 76 years d. 38 years 41. How long did Augustus rule the Roman Empire? a. 13 years b. 41 years c. 61 years d. 44 years 42. Who ended the Roman civil war with his victory over Cleopatra and Marc Anthony? a. Julius Caesar b. Octavian c. Hadrian d. Pompey 43. What is the name of the book that contains the teachings of Jesus? a. Talmud b. Old Testament c. New Testament d. Torah 44. Who murdered Julius Caesar after fearing he would gain too much power at their expense? a. the poor b. the Legions c. members of the Senate d. an angry mob 45. Of the following, who would have citizenship rights in ancient Rome? a. Patrician and Plebeian women b. All foreigners c. Slaves d. Patrician and Plebeian men b. c. d. 47. Which of the following geographical aspects DID NOT make it easier to unify Italy? a. No small, isolated valleys b. Thousands of rocky islands c. Broad, fertile plains for settlements d. Apennine Mountains were not very rugged Page 4 of 6 WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST 48. Under which of the following categories would you find the Aeneid? a. Government and Law b. Art and Architecture c. Poetry and Literature d. Society and Culture 49. On the above map, which letter indicates the location of the city of Rome? a. A b. C c. E d. F 50. Which letter indicates the Northern most area added to the Roman Empire by Julius Caesar? a. A b. C c. D d. B 51. The area labeled B was called what by the Romans? a. Gaul b. Thrace c. France d. Lydia 52. Belief in one God Jesus as the Son of God Belief in life after death Equality of all people before God The above are teaching of which of the following? a. Moses b. Muhammad c. Buddha d. Jesus 53. According to the above map, what mountain ranges did the Carthaginians cross to invade Italy? a. Pyrenees and Tarus b. Pyrenees and Alps c. Alps and Apennines d. Carpathian and Alps 54. The baths built in Rome were similar to that of which earlier civilization? a. Harappan b. Greeks c. Egyptians d. Persian 55. Which of the following correctly matches Greek and Roman names for a god or goddess? a. Hera – Aphrodite b. Zeus – Jupiter c. Apollo – Hades d. Athena – Venus 56. The Romans are remembered most for their achievements in a. Agriculture and literature b. Government and engineering c. Mining and metal production d. Innovative science and philosophy 57. How did Julius Caesar undermine the Roman republic? a. By changing the law b. By falling in love with Cleopatra c. Through defeats in Gaul d. By expanding his power beyond those given a military leader Page 5 of 6 WHI.6 – ROMAN CIVILIZATION PRETEST Start of the Punic Wars 264 B.C. 1 44 B.C. 27 B.C. Assassination of Julius Caesar Octavian accepts title of Augustus 2 Death of Marcus Aurelius A.D. 180 3 Constantine ends persecution of Christians with the Edict of Milan A.D. 313 58. 59. The above picture is an example of the style of architecture used by the a. Greeks b. Romans c. Egyptians d. Chinese Which of the following ended the period of the Roman republic? a. Augustus Caesar b. Attila c. Julius Caesar d. Constantine 60. Like the Greeks, the Romans eased their shortage of farmland and other resources through a. Piracy b. Alien citizenship c. Foreign trade d. Colonization 61. Which of the following government bodies had the most power during the Roman Republic? a. Consuls b. Senate c. Magistrates d. Tribunes 62. The Roman army defeated Attila the Hun in A.D. 451, but the price for this victory was a. Increased tensions among the social classes. b. Roman cooperation with the Visigoths and other Germanic tribes. c. Declining trade, frequent civil war, and loss of faith in the empire. d. The assassination of Julius Caesar 4 A.D. 476 63. Germanic tribes overthrow the emperor of Rome Which number on the Timeline above marks the period of the Pax Romana? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Page 6 of 6